Diphthongs
Diphthongs are types of vowels where two vowel sounds are connected in a continuous, gliding motion. They are often referred to as gliding vowels. Most languages have a number of diphthongs, although that number varies widely, from only one or two to fifteen or more.
Long Vowel Sounds a | /eɪ/ | rain | e | /i/ | meet | i | /ɑɪ/ | bike | o | /oʊ/ | home | u | /ju/ | cute |
Sentences:
/eɪ/ - rain
Rain is one of Gods blessing to human being.
/i/ - meet
The business man meet his investor in one of the famous resturant in town.
/ɑɪ/ - bike
It started as a geezer bike for retirees in Florida and Arizona.
/oʊ/ - home
I'm going home for lunch early, Saundra.
/ju/ - cute
She looked so cute that Carmen took a few pictures of her.
Exercises for long vowels sound
A
Read the poem using the long /a/ sound
Daisy is a brainy snail,
She drives a train and brings the mail,
She can sail a ship and follow a trait,
Yes, Daisy is a brainy snail.

I Feel the heat, breathe, reach your peak, win the meet. Please take heed. Being weak at the knees near a ravine is serious. Don't be a geek.
Pieces of meat get stuck in his teeth when he eats veal steamed with sesame seeds.
[o:] as in MORE core – more – bore – before – shore – sore – store – tore – explore – ignore; cord – lord – order – form – normal – fork – pork – port – sport – short – horn – torn – born – corn – corner;

U
A Tudor who tooted a flute
Tried to tutor two tooters to toot.
Said the two to their tutor,
"Is it harder to toot or to tutor two tooters to toot?"

Short Vowel Sounds a | /æ/ | cat | e | /ɛ/ | bed | i | /ɪ/ | sit | o | /ɑ/ | top | u | /ʌ/ | sun |

Sentences:
/æ/ - cat
Cade handed her the cat and cuffed her playfully.
/ɛ/ - bed
I'm going to bed early.
/ɪ/ - sit
Sit down and have breakfast with us.
/ɑ/ - top
She shrugged as she placed the toy on top of the magazine.
/ʌ/ - sun
The sun got up before she did the next morning.

Exercises for short vowels sound
[a] as in CAT
Travel

Many things can happen when people travel. People in the first class cabinhave access to better seats and service. People in the back have to deal with a lack of space. Babies often cry before and after the fast change in altitude. People have to laugh and forget it, but actually the crying can last a long time. On overseas trips, people watch the map of the flight and see thepattern of travel. The attendants wear black and white. They offer coffee with half and half and pass along the aisles. They act happy and ask people what they want repeatedly. Perhaps travel is easier now than years ago, but it is still taxing.

[e] as in BED
Read this tongue twister for short e
Wet led, let wed, wet led wed.
Ten wet hens beg Jed
Wet well, wet net, sell ten wet nets

[i] as in SIT
Kick Kip, keep Kip’s kin. river – dinner – idiot – city – busy – sister – history – consist – resist – admit – forbid – begin; [o] as in NOT hot – lot – not – got – forgot – forgotten – bottle – bottom – body – model – modern; dog – fog – log – lock – clock – rock – doctor – document; [u:] as in RULE rude – rule – rumor – brutal – Lucy – June – junior – Julia – parachute; do – two – who – whom – whose – lose – move – prove – improve – tomb – shoe

Consonant Sounds l | /l/ | low | r | /r/ | red | | | | b | /b/ | baby | p | /p/ | stop | d | /d/ | do | t | /t/ | top | g | /ɡ/ | go | k | /k/ | cat | | | | voiced th | /ð/ | them | unvoiced th | /θ/ | think | z | /z/ | zoo | s | /s/ | so | zh | /ʒ/ | usual | sh | /ʃ/ | she | v | /v/ | very | f | /f/ | fact | h | /h/ | hat | | | | j | /ʤ/ | joy | ch | /ʧ/ | rich | | | | m | /m/ | me | n | /n/ | no | ng | /ŋ/ | sing | | | | w | /w/ | we | y | /j/ | yes |

Sentences:
/l/ - let
I heard a low whistle in the backyard.
/r/ - red
Felipa smiled as she expertly tied a big red bow.
/b/ - baby
From the time he was a babyhe had wanted to be a veterinarian.
/p/ -stop
He stop at the church.
/d/ - do
I love to do different task.
/t/ - top
The man dream to climb on the top of the mountain.
/ɡ/ - go
You should go.
/k/ - fact
I can vouch for the fact that her stomach is empty.
/ð/ - them
I want to see them.
/θ/ - think
You should think first before you decide.
/z/ - zoo
Many children love to go to zoo.
/s/ - so
Yet never had he faced so many major decisions at once... not decisions like these, anyway.
/ʒ/ - usual
Felipa was her usual bubbly self.
/ʃ/ - she
She had the most expressive face he had ever seen.
/v/ - very
Carmen is a very good cook.
/f/ - face
She has a angelic face.
/h/ - hat
She love the red hat that she bought last year.

/ʤ/ - joy
A tear fell on my eyes because of joy.
/ʧ/ - rich
The girl was so amaze in the generousity of the rich man.
/m/ - me
It was me you who did the crime.
/n/ - no
There would be no selective reduction.
/ŋ/ - sing
My little cousin sing a beautiful song.
/w/ - we
Sometimes we have to accept change if we want to move forward.
/j/ - yes
Yes, it was an accident.

Exercises for Consonant Sounds
[b] as in BE be – beat – beer – big – bit – best – bed – bare – bad – back – balm – bar – bore – boss – bought – boom – beauty – book – burn – burst – bus – bun – baby – buy – bound – boy – bone;
[p] as in PEN peel – piece – peer – pick – pin – pen – pair – pack – palm – part – pause – pour – port – pond – pool – pure – poor – put – pull – person – public – pay – pain – pie – pound – point – pole – post;
[t] as in TEN set – meet – rate – write – part – coat – short – tact – draft – belt – point – spent – kept – last – taste – roast; looked – stopped – laughed – passed – released – reached – washed; [d] as in DO deep – deal – dear – dip – den – dare – Dan – dark – door – dog – do – duty – during – dirt – dull – day – die – down – don't; dream – drink – drip – dress – drag – draw – drop – drew – drum – drain – dry – drown – drone;
[k] as in KATE keen – keep – kill – kiss – Ken – chemistry – can – cap – calm – car – call – corn – cool – cute – cook – curse – come – Kate – case – kind – coast – cone;
[g] as in GO give – gift – get – guess – gas – gap – guard – gorge – gone – goose – good – girl – gun – gust – game – guy – guide – go – gold; glimpse – glare – glance – glamor – glue – gloomy – glum – glide – global – glow;
[f] as in FEEL feel – feed – fear – fit – finish – fell – fed – fair – fast – far – four – form – fond – food – few – full – foot – fur – firm – fun – fame – fate – final – find – found – phone – photo;
[v] as in VERY veal – vivid – vet – very – variant – vast – vault – verb – vein – vague – vine – vital – vouch – voice – void – vote; even – evil – fever – eleven – event – level – lever – ever – every – invest – review – prevail – prevent – provoke; leave – give – live – active – love – move – brave – groove – stove – curve;
[θ] as in THIN theme – thief – theater – theory – thin – thick – thing – think – therapy – thank – thorn – thought – third – thirty – thirsty – thermometer – Thursday – thoroughly – thumb – thunder – thousand;
[ð] as in THIS these – this – then – them – their – there – that – than – the – they – those – though; other – mother – father – brother – leather – feather – weather – whether – together – gather – either – neither – further;
[s] as in SO seem – seen – sin – simple – city – send – center – sad – sack – saw – sore – song – soon – suit – sir – certain – sun – suck – save – sail – side – sign – sound – sour – so – soul; lesson – listen – associate – society – privacy – agency – test – waste; [z] as in ZOO zebra – zero – zip – zigzag – zest – zap – zoo – zoom – zone; music – reason – poison – present – dozen – citizen – horizon – razor – resign – resist – busy – crazy – lazy – puzzle – sizzle – dazzle – realism – idealism – capitalism – socialism; [sh] as in SHOW she – sheep – sheer – chic – ship – shed – share – champagne – short – shot – shoe – sure – sugar – should – shook – shirt – shut – shame – shake – shape – shine – show;
[zh] as in BEIGE usual – casual – visual – vision – explosion – erosion – measure – pleasure – treasure – leisure; beige – mirage – collage – sabotage – prestige – garage – rouge; [h] as in HE he – heat – here – him – history – help – hair – hand – have – half – heart – hard – horn – hot – who – whose – hook – her – heard – hurry – hunt – hundred – hate – hide – how – home – hope – hold – whole;
[ch] as in CHEESE cheese – cheap – cheer – chip – chin – check – chess – chair – chance – chapter – charity – chart – charter – chalk – chore – choose – chew – church – chunk – chain – China – chime – chose – choke,
[j] as in JUST jeans – jeep – Jim – gin – gym – jet – general – gentle – jam – jazz – John – journey – journal – just – jump – judge – June – jail – Jane – giant – joint – joke;
[m] as in ME me – mean – mere – middle – mint – men – man – mark – more – Mommy – moon – mute – murder – must – mother – main – make – mind – my – mode – most;
[m] as in ME me – mean – mere – middle – mint – men – man – mark – more – Mommy – moon – mute – murder – must – mother – main – make – mind – my – mode – most; [l] as in LIVE lead – leap – live – let – less – lack – last – lark – law – lord – lock – lot – lost – lose – loop – look – learn – luck – lady – late – life – like – light – lie – loud – loyal – Lloyd – load; [r] as in RED read – reap – real – rear – risk – wrist – red – rest – rare – ran – rap – raw – wrong – roof – route – room – run – rust – rain – raise – rise – right – round – royal – road – rope – rose – wrote;
[w] as in WE we – week – wheel – wind – will – wet – west – when – where – wax – wall – war – warm – water – want – wool – would – word – worse – won – one – once – way – wait – wild – why – white – wound – won't;
[y] as in YES year – yield – yes – yesterday – yellow – yet – yard – yawn – York – yacht – yearn – young – yoga – yolk – you – use – unit – utility; beyond – canyon – Tanya – Tonya – million – billion – onion – union – music – human – few – view.