...3.) Describe the current distribution of power within the United States with regards to civil rights and race. What are the pros and cons of this distribution? Secondly, describe other social events from United States history that show a shift or change in the distribution of economic and/or political power during American history. Introduction Firstly, I will describe the current distribution of power in the United States. I will then weigh the pros and cons of the current distribution. After that, I will describe several events which shifted the power distribution. I will first describe events that disadvantaged black people. I will then talk about events that gave black people more power. Lastly, I will talk about events that shifted power to or away from other minorities besides black people. Current Distribution of Power The current distribution of power within the United States is that white people still have the most power and privilege, although the government has not been as blatantly racist as it has been in the past. The reason that white people have the most power is because in general, they have more money than minorities. In a capitalist society like the United States, whoever has the most money has the most power. White people have benefited...
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...marriage will go against the United States Declaration of Independence well known phrase, “Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness”. Homosexuals have nothing to do with heterosexuals. The homosexual community harms and destructs nobody and no one. That being said, people should not be so hostile against same sex marriage. Americans should have their own rights to enjoy life with their significant other, whether that being with the same sex or not. Society today should learn how to respect other peoples choice of style and preference. Marriage itself is between two people. Therefore, does it matter if it’s with the same sex? People should not be judged based off of their sexual orientation, but by the content of their character. Happiness should not be determined by others nor by the government. When viewed by others people should not see black or white, gay or straight. As a community, we...
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...The United States faces a long battle to repair its economy. Issues like unemployment, the federal budget deficit, immigration, gun control, etc, seem to create never ending discussions without any resolution. The healthcare system is one of the many issues that have been affected by the economic crisis and according to president Barrack Obama, reform is a must. Besides all economic factors affecting the healthcare system, the system has been blamed for inefficiency, excessive administrative expenses, inappropriate waste, and fraud and abuse. Many Americans today are having trouble keeping up with the continue rise of healthcare costs and many firms cannot afford to provide coverage to their employees. Although the government is working on a reform for the healthcare system, many questions are still pending to be answered. One question that has raised polemic discussions around the country is: should the U.S. government provide healthcare to all citizens? While many feel there should be a simple yes or no to this questions, many others realize that we do have to consider any potential ethical, moral or legal issues that can cause collateral damage to our economy and also the healthcare system. President Obama has been focusing on a reform for the healthcare system prior to his first election and to give a little overview of his reform, according to The White House (2013), see table below: Overview of Health Reform “It makes insurance more affordable by providing the largest...
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...call the Torah. Judaism is based on the belief of God. The Jews do not believe that Jesus Christ is the Messiah and are still waiting on his coming. According to Kriger (2010) According to the American Jewish Identity Survey of 2001 (Mayer, Kosmin, & Keysar, 2003), nearly 5.3 million people in the United States are Jewish (as measured by self-identification or by heritage). Jews are often referred to as one group; however, as with other ethnic groups, the Jewish people are diverse. Modern Jews have a shared history and common ancestry, leading back to the time of the Hebrew Bible, but they have since spread throughout the world. The countries in which Jews have lived have influenced their culture. For instance, Indian Jews have incorporated the caste systems into their daily lives, whereas Chinese Jews have incorporated Confucian ideas into their practices (Langman,1999) Sephardi Jews (families of Spanish descent) have integrated Spanish culture into their foods and have created a Hebrew-Spanish hybrid language known as Ladino (Langman, 1999). The Ashkenazi Jews account for nearly 80% of the worlds Jews and represent the majority of Jewish identity in the United States (Elazae,!992; Langman, 1999) and are those whose ancestors lived and emigrated from Eastern European countries and Russia. Jews have similar configurations as those of other religions, such as Christianity and Islam religions. Some believe that the valuing of family has enabled Judaism to survive for...
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...to improve the life-style of the population. Each branch of government has different power; those powers combined make the law, enforce it and verify that it is fair for the individuals. The power is limited, on both federal and state governmental actions. A part of their responsibility is associated with the taxing and spending power. In other words, we can say that the president, the congress and the Supreme Court require following the UCC to guarantee the equal protection of the citizen and the commitments made in the performance of their duties. To begin with, the three branches of government are: Legislative, Executive and Judicial. The Legislative branch is formed by the Congress, which is divided into The House of Representatives and the Senate. The President, vice president and the cabinet form the Executive branch. The Supreme Court and the other Federal Courts form the judicial branch. The branches of government could be associated with the UCC, or The Uniform Commercial Code (UCC). This code is a group of act, first publicized in 1952 to unify the law on commercial transactions around the nation. Furthermore, the Legislative branch is in charge of making the law. They have the power to “make, change or repeal the laws of a country or state” (Farlex Inc., 2013). This branch consists of The House of Representatives,...
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...Scotland’s independence Scotland is changing the “norms” by trying to get more leisure to their policies to eventually get more freedom in their state, and, if possible, become totally independent. The question to ask now is, what is England's response to this movement. Will they follow in somewhat of the same tracks, or take another path. I think that England will not follow in the same tracks as Scotland, but I do think that sometime in the near future, Scotland can become independent. On September 19th, scotland had polled a 55%45% vote, (which is not its first time trying to gain independence) keeping its connection and staying with the United Kingdom. In this, scotland wants to have the freedom to be able to create and or change its policies. The main two theories that will be addressed throughout this paper are; structuralism and culturalism. Scotland for many decades has been trying to gain its independence. February 1989 was arguably Scotland's biggest starting point for independence. There was a big outrage on if scotland was an independent country, would it be better off. While the optimistic bunch had thought that it would, it ended up losing a poll, 24% to 76%. In a Scottish poll on television, when the people were asked whether or not they wanted to stay with Europe or break away, the majority of them wanted to stay connected to Europe. But, when the poll asked the same people if they wanted to have an Independent Scotland country within Europe...
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...In the wake of Obama Care, United States battled with the questions of universal health care for all. Why do other countries less influential like Cuba have universal health care and we do not? What is the stakes behind not having that kind of coverage for all U.S. citizens? Investigating country of France, there are plenty of reasons why we should as Americans have universal health care. What are some pros and cons of universal health care? Pros of universal health care are the number of uninsured U.S. residents has grown to over 45 million. Health care has become increasingly unaffordable for business and individuals. We can eliminate wasteful inefficiencies such as duplicate paper work, claim approval, insurance submission, etc. Medical professionals can concentrate on healing the patient rather than on insurance procedures, malpractice liability, etc. Free medical services would encourage patient to practice preventive medicine and inquire about problems early when treatment will be light; currently patients often avoid physicals and other preventive measure because of the costs. Cons of universal health care are there is not a single government agency or division that runs efficiently; do we really want an organization that developed the U.S. Tax Code handling something as complex as health care? Free health care is not really free since we must pay for it with taxes, expenses for health care would have to be paid for with higher taxes or spending cuts in other areas...
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...Racial and Multicultural Tolerance vs. Economic and Societal Benefits We exist in a society where intolerance for the racial and cultural differences of others is commonplace, and solidly rooted. Whether you live in the US, Middle East, Europe, or Asia, situations can be found where matters of money, domestic dispute, war, torture, and rape, have been incited or settled based on the ethnicity of parties involved (amnesty.org). Though it has for over a hundred years been the outspoken goal of certain societies to change this environment of unfairness, and in many cases injustice, – with the United States being the forerunner in this endeavor – the change, especially in the past several decades, can be considered modest at best (Lewis Mumford Report). For years we’ve listened to politicians support visionary ideas of bringing together people of varied ethnic backgrounds. “Until justice is blind to color,” stated Lyndon Johnson during his presidency, “until education is unaware of race, until opportunity is unconcerned with the color of men’s skin, emancipation will be a proclamation but not a fact.” Government programs like affirmative action were designed with the hope in mind of them being the keys to closing the gap between the economically and socially superior, and the historically underprivileged (Ravitch). Futurists and creative thinkers have come and gone preaching the idea, the dream, of a time when racial injustices would be a thing of the past, and yet it ironically...
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...Advocacy Groups - an association of individuals or organizations who unite to actively support or defend an idea, usually to influence policies or resource allocations through media campaigns, public presentations, publicity, and legislative lobbying efforts; GROUP WHO TRY TO RAISE AWARENESS AND INFLUENCE POLITICS AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION advocacy groups are broader. interest groups are more specific. for example an environmental group would be an advocacy group and a group to save the rainforest would be an interest group. Amicus Curiae - “Friend of the Court.” A brief filed in a lawsuit by an individual or group that is not party to the lawsuit but that has an interest in the outcome. SOMEONE, NOT BELONGING TO ANY PARTY, VOLUNTEERS TO OFFER INFORMATION TO ASSIST IN A CASE, WHICH IS WHY IT MEANS FRIEND OF THE COURT Astroturf - refers to political, advertising or public relations campaigns that are designed to mask the sponsors of the message to give the appearance of coming from a disinterested, grassroots participant (i.e. fake grassroots); FAKE GRASS/FAKE SUPPORT; OPPOSITE OF GRASSROOTS; Creating the impression of public support by paying people in the public to pretend to be supportive. Bundling - A tactic in which PACs collect contributions from like-minded individuals (each limited to $2000) and present them to a candidate or political party as a “bundle,” thus increasing the PAC’s influence. Checkbook Membership- send in money to be a member A checkbook member is...
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...CCJ 11 Introduction to Criminal Justice Topic: How does the Australian Criminal Justice system respond to one of the forms of crime? addressed in the last part of the course/unit? What are the Strengths and Weakness of this response? Crimes addressed include White Collar and Corporate Crime, Organized Crime, Illicit Drugs and Violence. Illicit drugs affect everyone. They may cause family problems, health problems even effort jobs or your performance. Even with the use of drugs that may have to be swallowed or even injected into your own body could increase chances of obtaining the HIV virus. But drugs that we smoke like marijuana could cause lung cancer. Illicit drugs can also affect the brain, by causing the brain cells to die and in cases resulting in permanent brain damage. The abuse of drugs also affect the economy, people using drugs are accident waiting to happen. Each year drug uses is the cause of a large number of accidents at home, office and on the roads. Everybody pays the price of drug abuse more cops and prisons more hospitals and treatment centers and many lives lost. Australia has approximately one drug overdose death each year. Broadly speaking, the prevalence of illicit drugs has been falling since the late 1990’s though some drugs have increased over that period. The authoritative reports below will summaries the trends as follows. In 2010, approximately 15% of the national population 14 years and above had used one or more illicit...
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...Courtney Bradford Matt Jones Sociology 101 December 1, 2009 Teen Pregnancy You sit there tense, your face is turning cherry red, your eyes are fixed on the little white machine, and you feel like the suspense is killing you, two minutes seem like forever. All of a sudden you see a “+.” You’re fifteen and pregnant. What are you going to do now? Teen pregnancy is one of the most difficult experiences a young person might ever face when it interrupts school or other plans. It can create an emotional crisis resulting in feeling ashamed and scared, and it may appear that you will crumble under pressure in your environment. Education, abstinence, and parental involvement are vital in reducing the rate of teen pregnancy. The best way to prevent teenage pregnancy, which is 100 percent effective, is abstinence. Most teenagers have their whole life ahead of them and having a child will cause a lot of complications in their goals. It’s not impossible for teenage mothers to complete high school, or try to reach their goals in life, but having a child could very well interfere with those goals. Abstinence is when you give up something you desire or of pleasure to you. Abstaining from sexual activities is a great way to prevent teen pregnancy, and the risk of getting a disease. In the past years less sex and more condoms use has meant lower rates of teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted disease. Abstinence is not a crime, as most teenagers and their peers...
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...permitted in stores, (7) computer forensics, (8) financial crimes, such as embezzlement, (9) cyber terrorism, (10) cyber criminology, internet child pornography. The new approach for extra income appeal to me because as a consequence of the current enhancement in minimum earnings, there is an boost in the optional profits of existing marketing foundation. Concussions in football also appeal to me because I have two children that play football and I do not want them to experience the problems that college and pro players are having. I believe that the transportation security (TSA) regulations should be changed so that it allows the TSA to protect the United States and its populace. In my opinion the regulations regarding the use of cellular phones should be standardized because different states have different laws regarding the use of cell phones. The last topic in my top 5 is should the laws concerning DUIs be changed. I say yes they should, meaning right now some states have the blood alcohol level at .10 while some have it at .08, it should be the same across the country to include lower is my belief. Exercise 2 (a) Populace with additional money be inclined to expend more. Our existing advertising advance does not acquire this into deliberation. This is a suggestion to adapt the advance in our marketing policy so that we can take improvement of the upcoming alter in our...
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...FEMINISM IS FOR EVERYBODY Passionate Politics bell hooks South End Press Cambridge, MA CONTENTS Copyright © 2000 by Gloria Watkins Cover design by Ellen P. Shapiro Cover illustration by Laura DeSantis, © Artville Any properly footnoted quotation of up to 500 sequential words may be used without permission, as long as the total number of words quoted does not exceed 2,000. For longer quotations or for a greater number of total words, please write to South End Press for permission. INTRODUCTION Come Closer to Feminism 1. 2. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hooks, Bell. Feminism is for everybody: passionate politics / Bell Hooks. p.cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-89608-629-1 - ISBN 0-89608-628-3 (pbk.) 1. Feminist theory. 2. Feminism - Philosophy. 3. Feminism Political aspects. 4. Sex discrimination against women. 1. Title. FEMINIST POLITICS Where We Stand 1 CONSCIOUSNESS-RAISING A Constant Change of Heart 7 3. SISI:ERHOOD IS STILL POWERFUL 4. Vll 13 00-036589 South End Press, 7 Brookline Street, #1, Cambridge, MA 02139 06 05 04 7 8 9 Printed in Canada 19 OUR BODIES, OURSELVES Reproductive Rights 25 6. HQl190 .H67 2000 305.42'01 - dc21 FEMINIST EDUCATION FOR CRITICAL CONSCIOUSNESS BEAUTY WITHIN AND WITHOUT 31 7. FEMINIST CLASS STRUGGLE 37 8. GLOBAL FEMINISM 44 5. 9. WOMEN AT WORI( 48 10. RACE AND GENDER 55 ...
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... Federalism Federalism is a term that is timeworn, but is quite important in American history due to its lineage and how it affects government-both Federal and State. American Federalism is not a static set of arrangements, frozen in time by the United States Constitution but a dynamic, ever-changing, multi-dimensional process that has economic, administrative and political aspects as well as constitutional ones (Katz, 1997). So, what is Federalism? Federalism is a system that power is distributed between the Federal Government and the States. Years ago, many new Americans were scared because they feared that the new government might turn out to be another form of a monarchy. Also, the small states were quite scared that the larger states would overrule them in this new form of government (Wilson, Dilulio, Bose, 2014). So, when the Constitution was approved, certain provisions were added to the Constitution to ensure a balance between the larger states and the smaller ones (American Government, Wilson, Dilulio, Bose, 2014). As stated earlier, the power between the Federal Government and the State Government is shared. Much of the power the Federal Government has stems directly from the Constitution. The Constitution tells the states pretty much what they can do as well. An example of what the Federal Government can do is the ability to print and coin money, as well as the capacity to conduct trade with other nations, along...
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...ENCOUNTERING SOCIAL CLASS DIFFERENCES AT WORK: HOW “CLASS WORK” PERPETUATES INEQUALITY Using a microsociological lens, we develop a theoretical framework that explains how social class distinctions are sustained within organizations. In particular, we intro- duce the concept of “class work” and explicate the cognitions and practices that members of different classes engage in when they come in contact with each other in cross-class encounters. We also elucidate how class work perpetuates inequality, as well as the consequences of class work on organizations and those at the lower end of the organizational hierarchy. By examining microlevel interactions and how they become institutionalized within organizations as prevailing rules and practices, we contribute to both institutional theory and the sociology of social class differences. We encourage future research on social class and discuss some of the challenges inher- ent in conducting it. Several contemporary developments—includ- ing the financial crisis of 2008 (Rajan, 2010), the shrinking of the middle class (Leicht & Fitzger- ald, 2007), and the rise of the “new poor” in America (Cohen, 2010)— have reinjected the is- sue of social class differences and inequality (Stiglitz, 2012) into contemporary discourse. Within organization studies, however, social class has received only scant consideration (cf. Castilla & Benard, 2010; Dacin, Munir, & Tracey, 2010; Scully & Blake-Beard, 2006). While two re- cent exceptions...
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