... | |Public Relations | | | Unit 1 Unit 1 Introduction to Public Relations Introduction The Public Relations Environment Public relations play an important role in contributing towards mutual understanding among groups and institution in return helping our convoluted society to make decisions and function effectively. It successfully harmonizes private and public policies. Public relations has a significant role in diverse institution of society such as businesses, trade unions, government agencies, voluntary associations, foundations, hospitals, schools, colleges and religious institutions. To flourish or to achieve set targets, these institutions must communicate within or with outer world such as remote employees, members, customers, local communities, share holders and other institutions. The targeted institutional goals can only be achieved if the management knows the mindset and values of their people. The external environment has a great influence on setting up of goals. The public relations practitioner acts as a communication bridge between management and their subordinates, helps them to achieve their private aims through acceptable public policy and action. In cooperation with management, public relations encompass the following: ...
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...media use a physical object such as a newspaper, book, pamphlet or comics,[1] to distribute their information. Outdoor media is a form of mass media that comprises billboards, signs or placards placed inside and outside of commercial buildings, sports stadiums, shops and buses. Other outdoor media include flying billboards (signs in tow of airplanes), blimps, and skywriting.[2] Public speaking and event organising can also be considered as forms of mass media.[3] The digital media comprises both Internet and mobile mass communication. Internet media provides many mass media services, such as email, websites, blogs, and internet based radio and television. 1. Print from the late 15th century 2. Recordings from the late 19th century 3. Cinema from about 1900 4. Radio from about 1910 5. Television from about 1950 6. Internet from about 1990 7. Mobile phones from about 2000 Broadcast The sequencing of content in a broadcast is called a schedule. With all technological endeavours a number of technical terms and slang are developed please see the list of broadcasting terms for a glossary of terms used. Film 'Film' encompasses motion pictures as individual projects, as well as the field in general. The name comes from the photographic film . Video games A video game is a computer-controlled game where a video display such as a monitor or television is the primary feedback device. Audio recording and reproduction Sound recording and reproduction is the electrical or...
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...Ethics in the Public Relations Industry There are a wide range of complex definitions applied to the practice of ‘Public Relations’, the Public Relations Society of America (PRSA) for example has a full page statement outlining the profession (PRSA website1), as well as the definition formally adopted during the PRSA 1982 National Assembly “Public Relations helps an organization and its publics adapt mutually to each other” (PRSA website2). For the purposes of this discussion however I plan to use the definition as outlined in the PRINZ Constitution and Rules (PRINZ Constitution): “Public relations practice shall be defined as the deliberate, planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain mutual understanding and excellent communications between an organisation and its publics” With this in mind it would appear that upholding principals such as honesty, independence and fairness to be a simple task; however when financial or employment pressures change the practice from “establish and maintain mutual understanding” to more selfish ‘profit driven’ and organisation centric views, ethical challengers arise. The modern business environment is fertile ground for unethical behaviour. There is an overwhelming emphasis on profit among many (certainly not all) large organisations. Looking at the prevalence of this ethos, particularly when combined with the short-term rewards that one may gain through less ethical actions, it is certainly not hard to understand how many...
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...COM 450 Entire Course (UOP) For more course tutorials visit www.tutorialrank.com COM 450 Week 1 Individual Assignment Ethical Manifesto COM 450 Week 2 Individual Assignment Social Justice vs. Objective Reporting Paper COM 450 Week 3 Individual Assignment TARES Test Paper COM 450 Week 4 Individual Assignment Public Relations Analysis Presentation and Press Release COM 450 Week 5 Learning Team Assignment Final Learning Team Project COM 450 Week 5 Individual Assignment Censorship Paper ----------------------------------------------------------------- COM 450 Week 1 Individual Assignment Ethical Manifesto (UOP) For more course tutorials visit www.tutorialrank.com • Reflect on the consistency of your own ethical decision making. • Write a 350- to 700-word ethical manifesto that describes your personal approach to moral decision making and how you communicate ethically. • Summarize the major models of ethical decision making. • Include which models of ethical decision making are part of your manifesto. Provide rationale as to why you choose to include or why you do not choose to include models. • Select one of the following models of ethical decision making: o Golden mean (Aristotle) o Categorical Imperative (Kant) o Utilitarianism (Mill) o Veil of Ignorance (Rawls) o Persons as Ends (Judeo-Christian) • Use the philosophical principles from the ethical decision-making model selected to illustrate and apply it to your a real world communication example...
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... 2.1 LECTURER: MR DHLIWAYO QUESTION: Assume that your organization has been found operating without proper papers as expected .There has been a story in the newspapers about your organization being tarnished. How would you rectify such a problem as a corporate communications officer? COMMENTS………………………………………………………… Corporate communication is the communication process that is meant for business organizations and also it is communication within an organization. It can be internal communication as well as external communication with different entities or stakeholders. It is the job of the corporate communications officer to build and repair an organization’s image. According to James (1984), “Corporate communication is a management function that offers a framework for the effective coordination of all internal and external communication with the overall purpose of establishing and maintaining a favorable reputation with the stakeholder groups upon which the organization is dependent on”. Because Pevimag contractors, an organization which I work for as a corporate communications officer is in the newspapers for the wrong reasons, it is my duty to issue an official statement in which I address whatever issue or issues your business is facing, in this case the shortage of proper papers as expected. To make sure this happens sooner rather than later, I should have an emergency communication plan ready to implement at a moment’s notice...
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...Final Exam Answers Follow Link Below To Get Tutorial https://homeworklance.com/downloads/jadm-100-introduction-to-criminal-justice-final-exam-answers/ JADM 100 Introduction to Criminal Justice Final Exam Answers Final Exam – Criminal Justice 1. Question : (TCO 1) Which of the following terms means procedural fairness? (TCO 1) The theft of farm animals, or rustling, would be classified as: (TCO 1) According to Robert Merton, a(n) ________ rejects the goals and accepts the means to achieve society’s goals. (TCO 2) An offense punishable by incarceration, usually in local confinement facility, for a period whose upper limit is prescribed by statute in a given jurisdiction, typically one year or less. (TCOs 3&4) Which local law enforcement official is responsible for serving court papers, maintaining security within courtrooms, and running the county jail? (TCOs 3&4) The legalistic style of policing: (TCOs 3&4) Unreasonable searches and seizures are prohibited by the: (TCOs 3&4) Historically, officers were allowed to use deadly force to prevent the escape of a suspected felon even when the person represented no immediate threat to the officer or the public. This was known as the: (TCOs 3&4) The most widely used system of indigent defense is: (TCOs 5&6) During a trial, the ________ happens before the closing statement, but after the jury selection. (TCOs 5&6) Bail serves two purposes. One is to help ensure the reappearance of the accused...
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...Changes in international order represent the changes of international relations in terms of economy and political issues. The new international order has affected greatly in many fields of the world, especially the economy. This research paper considers how changes in the international order influence employment and focuses on relations factors which can affect the usefulness of this research paper. The study indicates that China has reached a peak after reforming and become the second’s largest economy in the world. This leads to significant variations between the economy of US and China in manufacturing. Additionally, the US’s economy and China’s economy play a main role on the world’s economy and has huge influence on employment. With regard to the establishment of international organizations and associations, it is concluded that the appearance of the international organizations and associations has significant impacts on the world’s employment. Finally, how employment will be affected by changes in political relationship among countries, such as US and Vietnam and US and Cuba. In this research paper, the information will be collected from articles, websites and online newspapers. In recent years, wars between nations no longer occur. Peace, friendship and cooperation among countries are always a top priority. The value of collaboration occupies a significant position in today's society. At the same time, countries start focusing on promoting economic in order to enhance...
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...Justice in the workplace: Why it is important and why a new public policy initiative is needed Provocation Series Volume 2 Number 3 Professor Paul Edwards FBA, Industrial Relations Research Unit, Warwick Business School and Senior Fellow, Advanced Institute of Management Research Justice in the workplace Contents Executive summary 3 Introduction 6 Job quality and limited success in dealing with it 8 The proposals: building workplace justice 13 Workplace justice 19 Limits to legally based solutions 24 Labour market and employer-led changes 27 Constraints and possibilities 31 Concluding remarks 39 References 42 Notes 45 Acknowledgements The help and encouragement of Keith Sisson have been crucial to the production of this paper, which is a completely revised version of the 2005 Annual Employment Relations Lecture, Keele University. I am grateful to colleagues at Keele and to the audience there, and also to David Coats and Paul Marginson, for comments and suggestions. I take sole responsibility for the views expressed. 2 Justice in the workplace Executive summary The goal of improving fairness in the workplace has been central to UK public policy since 1997. For rather longer, companies have spoken of employee empowerment through such things as teamwork. Much has been done in both areas, but major concerns remain. In relation to fairness, employee rights give entitlements, but these rights also need to be meaningful and effective. In the workplace,...
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... * Model for labor relations * Evaluating labor relations * Assignments Orientation Hello. This is our first stop on the semester long tour of Employee and Labor Relations. By now, you should have reviewed the Read Me First document, Read Me Second document, Syllabus and Course Schedule. You should have completed the Getting Started tasks in the Read Me Second document, which includes your introduction in the “Student Introductions” conference. I wouldn’t be surprised if some of you have already started reading ahead, too. (That isn’t a bad idea since this course includes lots of material—both in the textbooks and through assignments.) Finally, if you haven’t already, please be sure to read the Research Paper Instructions in the Course Content area. You will need to do that in order to complete the Week 1 assignment. Today, we need to orient ourselves by looking at several basic questions: · What is labor relations and what does it strive to accomplish? · Why do we care? · How did labor unions come into being? · Are labor unions effective? What is the first thing you think of when you hear the term “labor relations?” I would venture to bet that some of the plausible responses would be: * labor unions * strikes * collective bargaining * protesters * conflict The aforementioned all seems to conjure up images of labor unions. It is important to stress here that labor relations is not merely labor...
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...Abstract This paper focuses on the motivational concerns that underlie the management of relations. In linguistics, the management of relations has been discussed extensively within politeness theory, and so the paper starts by identifying four key issues of controversy in politeness theory: a) should „polite‟ language use be explained in terms of face (e.g. Brown and Levinson, 1987), conversational maxims (e.g. Leech, 1983), and/or conversational rights (e.g. Fraser, 1990); b) why are speech acts such as orders interpersonally sensitive – is it because they are a threat to our autonomy (Brown and Levinson, 1987), or because of cost–benefit concerns (Leech, 1983); c) is Brown and Levinson‟s concept of negative face too individually focused, and should a social identity component be included (Matsumoto, 1988); and d) is face just a personal/individual concern or can it be a group concern (Gao, 1996)? The paper then uses reports of authentic rapport sensitive incidents to throw light on these controversial issues and to find out the relational management concerns that people perceive in their everyday lives. It maintains that such data is important to politeness theory, because linguistic politeness needs to be studied within the situated social psychological context in which it occurs. The paper ends by presenting and arguing for a conceptual framework that draws a fundamental distinction between face and sociality rights, and that incorporates an independent/interdependent...
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...Public Relations Priscilla A. Gillespie MKT/438 September 5, 2011 Ricco Rizzo Public Relations Throughout history public relations many definitions are changing. Historian Daniel J. Boorstin is quoted as saying, "Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some hire public relations officers," Public relations is an art and involves careful consideration and creativity on the part of the public relations representative. The job of any good PR rep is to communication a message to the public the organization represented wants to convey. This paper will (a) introduce and examine three definitions of public relations, (b) introduce a newly constructed definition of public relations, and (c) compare and contrast definitions of public relations. Three definitions of Public Relations Two-Way Communication The first definition comes from The Practice of Public Relation, Tenth Edition. According to Seital (2007), “Public relations is a planned process to influence public opinion, through sound character and proper performance, based on mutually satisfactory two-way communication” (p. 4). The first aspect of this definition says, “Planned.” The act of public relations is a deliberate process planned by an organization. The next aspect of this definition is, “Process to influence.” The process to influence means to have an effect. The framework of public relations is to have an influence or an effect on the public. The next aspect of this definition is “two-way communication...
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...PR Public Relations Review 38 (2012) 5–13 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Public Relations Review Revisiting the concept “dialogue” in public relations Petra Theunissen ∗ , Wan Norbani Wan Noordin 1 School of Communication Studies, Faculty of Design & Creative Technologies, AUT University, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 2 October 2010 Received in revised form 14 September 2011 Accepted 14 September 2011 Keywords: Public relations Dialogue Two-way symmetric communication Risk a b s t r a c t This paper follows a critical approach in exploring the philosophical underpinnings and key features of dialogue in public relations practice and thinking. It argues that dialogue has been uncritically equated to two-way symmetrical communication, which has not done justice to the nature of dialogue, and has effectively stifled concrete development of a dialogic theory in public relations. The paper draws from a range of literature, including mainstream public relations and communication philosophy—in particular the philosophy of Martin Buber. The purpose of this paper is to inform public relations thinking by encouraging debate rather than proposing a new theoretical approach. As such, it sets out to explore the concept of dialogue and its philosophical underpinning, considers its practical application and suggests that it should not be seen as superior to persuasion...
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...Should Public Employees be Required to pay an Agency Fee? Elijah Standing Warrior PA 530 Negotiation & Bargaining in the Public Service Professor Jack McGrory April 28, 2014 Introduction This paper will discuss important labor laws and litigation that have empowered both the private and public sector employees with regards to an employee’s First and Fifth Amendment rights of the United States Constitution and their obligations to a labor union. The first part of this paper will discuss the Railway Labor Act and its regulation of union membership or dues as requirement of employment in the railroad and transportation industry. The National Mediation Board was established to administer union membership requirements and the collective bargaining process required by the Railway Labor Act. The second part of this paper explores the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (NLRA; Wagner Act). The NLRA is the key labor law that governs union activities and collective bargaining in the private sector in the United States (Katz, 2008). The NLRA gives private sector unions the right to organize and regulates the private sector collective bargaining process that allows unions to collect Agency Fees. The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) administers the NLRA. The third part of this paper explores the individual state laws that regulate the public sector right through collective bargaining to negotiate an agency shop agreement between a public agency and its...
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...different from previous regimes and tend to move away from welfare state to free market system. Introduction This paper discusses the changes that have been brought by the 11 year era of 25th Prime minister of Australia, Mr John Winston Howard. This era saw economic expansion that is characterized as longest in the history of Australia. Howard’s policies, practices, philosophies, and decisions have been widely debated specially over the issue of abolishing welfare system, treatment of asylum seeker after the 9-11, and such. This paper discusses the changes in the era of Howard and its consequences. Discussion The 25th Prime minister of Australia, Mr John Winston Howard, was born on July 26th; 1939.he is the longest serving prime minister of Australia after Sir Robert Menzies. His era of Prime Ministership started March 11th, 1996 and ended in December the 3rd 2007. After 1980, it was the first Federal victory of coalition of the National Parties and liberals. The first terms was 1996 to 1998, the second term of the Howard was 1998-2001. The third term started in 2001 and ended in 2004. While the last term of Howard as Prime minister started 2004 and ended in 2007. All the four term are marked by severe conflicts in views among critics regarding the policies, agenda and forms of governmental style during Howards 11 year era. The first term of Howard is characterised by partial...
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...OMM615 Strategic Marketing, Advertising & Public Relations Ashford University Instructor: Debra McKoskey-Reisert 8 April 2014 to 19 May 2014 Week 2 Assignment: Integrated Marketing Communications Word Count: 1,296 20 April 2014 Assignment Brief (Due by 11:59pm MT, Day 7, Monday) IMC Tactics Select a Fortune 500 company and research their IMC. In a three- to four- page paper (not including the title and reference pages), analyze at least three- to- four IMC tactics (Chapter 3) and discuss whether or not the tactics are effective, and why. Your paper should be formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center, and it must include citations and references for the text and at least two scholarly sources from the Ashford University Library. Introduction Successful companies carefully plan their marketing communications. Apple is widely regarded as one of the most effective marketers. The company enjoys a positive corporate image and strong brand names (including its Mac, iPod, iPad, iPhone and iTunes). Apple devotes a lot of resources to develop this corporate and brand equity. It carefully considers each tactic within the marketing communications mix to assess the potential contribution each tactic can make towards achieving the marketing goals of the company. This paper analyzes the integrated marketing communications (IMC) tactics used most intensively by Apple and highlights why they have been so effective. ...
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