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...which creates social constructs for women. This determines the way people perceive them and the way they perceive themselves. Media today tends to judge women based on the way they dress or their physical appearance (Breger 39). Furthermore, mainstream media portrays women as sexual objects, or entities, specifically when they are required to bring sexual pleasure to their male counterparts through the way they look or act. Such media, therefore, is implying that women’s sole purpose is to bring men sexual gratification (Wright and Tokunaga 956). This increases the sexual objectification of women, specifically in magazines, television, and social media platforms, demonstrating...
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...times greater for a college female student than for any other age group. The phenomenon of date rape is not new, however it has evolved into a communication phenomenon, in which communication about sex and rape, the negotiation of consent, the rape itself, the aftermath of rape and the reaction to date rape, are central to defining a rape culture on campus. Women have been muted in a multitude of ways, including the methods in which women tell stories, through male-controlled media, in ways women’s bodies are portrayed and analyzed, and through censorship of women’s voices. Rape is a horrible experience, so why would women keep quiet about it. Campus cultures perpetuate the `culture of silence` that exists among young men and women by fostering a culture of rape which silences experiences and advocates victim blaming (self blame) that is set ablaze by the social acceptance of rape myths, experiences not being defined as rape, secondary rape, and the absence of deterrence, all of which create an underlying tolerance towards rape. In this paper I will examine how women are affected by the rape supportive culture that exists on campuses and creates an internalization of self blame are muted before, during, and after the experience of date rape. Both male and female students contribute to muting women, thus perpetuating a rape culture in which rape becomes an expectation, or part of the social milieu. Only a male dominated society that trains men to use women as objects and......
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...murder, is rape (Byers 47). As defined in the Merriam-Webster Dictionary rape is unlawful sexual intercourse carried out by force. Despite rape being an abominable crime more than half of all victims do not report their rape to authority (Byers 47). Of those victims who do report ninety percent are women (“Scope of”). Among those women, one in five are victims of sexual assault in college (Kutner 31). However, colleges are not doing enough to protect their female student body. The Center for Public Integrity has reported that only ten to twenty-five percent of these campus rapist will be expelled from school in fear that the school's reputation would be tarnish...
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...Alcohol and Rape on College Campuses Statement of Interest Many studies look at rape and alcohol on college campuses separately, while others look at the effect that alcohol has on rape. It is estimated that one fifth to one fourth of all women experience a completed or attempted rape during their four to five year college career (McMahon 2010). Too many women are victimized on a daily basis on college campuses, a place people go to better themselves, all while believing they are safe. Reality is, rape can happen to any woman, at any time, on any campus. There are classes given on almost every campus about to how women should protect themselves from violent acts such as rape, but how many women actually attend? What are women’s actual perceptions on rape on campus? Are women aware of the risk of rape on campus? What effects does alcohol have on the chance of committing a rape, and what effects does it have on the probability of getting raped? The objective of the paper is to find out how much women really know about the chances of getting raped, the proper way to protect their selves from getting raped, and what effect drinking can have on rape. Literature Search on Galileo While conducting research for this project, EBSCOhost and ProQuest were used. Both databases were had many articles and journals pertaining to alcohol and rape on college campuses. The first database used through Galileo was EBSCOhost. When using EBSCOhost the phase “Alcohol and Rape on Colleges......
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...The effects of alcohol on date rape on college campuses Jessica Lynch Tarleton State University Abstract College is usually thought of as a time for pushing boundaries, experimenting, coming into ones own, learning, making new friends, learning to be independent, and becoming an adult. Unfortunately date rape has also become a part of the college experience. It is a life shattering reality of many college students. Date rape does not conform to the normal idea of rape. The perpetrator is usually an acquaintance and the rape takes place in a semi-public place, like a party or dorm room. Alcohol is almost always involved in date rape. Rape is never the victim’s fault but there are steps that can be taken to help prevent it. The effects of alcohol on date rape on college campuses College is supposed to be a time of learning, fun, making new friends, discovering one’s self, partying, and dating. Unfortunately, college becomes a nightmare for some women when partying and dating are combined. Date rape has become very common amongst university students. It is important to understand what date rape is, how alcohol affects the rapist and the victim in date rape, and how it can be prevented. What is date rape? Rape is usually thought of as something that happens to other people, done by a stranger in a dark alley or during a home invasion; however, that is not usually the case. In fact, forty-seven percent of rapists are a friend or acquaintance of the victim. According to the......
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...The Impact of Acquaintance Rape for Female College Students Word Count: 3,027 Abstract Acquaintance rape, commonly referred to as "date rape," is sweeping across college campuses throughout the United States. Described as nonconsensual sexual contact achieved by force, manipulation or coercion between two people who know each other, it is a form of sexual violence that had been given little attention prior to the 1980’s. Recent studies indicate that one in four female college students will be the victim of acquaintance rape at some time during four years of college making it the fastest growing crime against females in college institutions. However, because there are widespread false impressions among all college students that acquaintance rape does not exist, is not “really rape” or is not a serious crime, many believe that it is not as traumatic to the victim as rape by someone unknown to them. These erroneous beliefs often leave the victims of acquaintance rape more devastated than the rape action itself. The purpose of this paper is to examine the facts surrounding female acquaintance rape on college campuses and the role that crisis intervention techniques play in the recovery from an experience that many experts describe as crippling. The Impact of Acquaintance Rape for Female College Students Every two minutes someone in the United States is raped, and the chance of the victim being a female college student is four times greater than that of any...
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...timely warning has been issued at University Park in regards to a rape or forceful sex offense on campus. We slide open our phones, check to see the details of the warning, and then close our screens to continue on with our day. However, although we may seem unaffected by the warning, someone’s life has become completely altered and turned upside down. In his powerful and tear-jerking narrative, Missoula, Jon Krakauer becomes the voice behind those involved in these tragic and nauseating cases that we are quick to bypass as just timely warnings. As a journalist, Krakauer’s main mission is to give a voice to the voiceless and shed light on the injustices...
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...Dignitas Lab. What was the lab about? Summarize the information presented. (1-2 paragraphs) • The speaker started at age 18 at a rape center as a volunteer. Working with women that through rape and other forms of violence god presented the right to bear. She is a feminist, which is one of many different views all around the world. Dr. Messina-Dysert defined rape culture as a culture where violence is perpetrated based on gender. She descried it as universal where female genital cutting is perpetrating violence based on culture. It never went away at colleges about the idea of rape culture, but it has come back and more people are now talking about it. An example from a television show of this is Luke and Laura from general hospital....
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...announcement, Starecheski talks about the statistics of unreported rapes on college campuses. She said that, in a random survey of 1,000 college aged men who were asked a wide range of questions regarding their experiences with sexual assault. 120 of them, which was about 6%, admitted to sexually assaulting someone that they knew. The overall total of rapes that these men had committed came up to an astonishing 439 unreported sexual assaults. Out of all of these men ⅔ of them had been serial rapists, committing this crime an average of six times. After showing all of the statistics of rapes on college campuses, Starecheski spoke about what efforts could be made to stop the majority of these rapes. She said that if men would speak up about rape in their friend groups instead of staying silent, the amount of college campus rapes would decline dramatically, this is because men are more likely to let rape continue and/or rape women if their group of friends stays silent and doesn’t do anything to stop their friends...
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...In the movie “The Hunting Ground,” by filmmakers Kerby Dick and Amy Ziering, they describe that many colleges and universities do not handle sexual assault reports seriously and they do their best to suppress the reports and silence their students. Dick and Ziering use pathos, ethos, and logos to communicate their message to the audience. One way Kerby Dick and Amy Ziering communicate their message is through pathos. In the film, “The Hunting Ground,” the narrator states that one of the victims “was lectured and blamed,” for being raped on campus grounds. This illustrates how this incident was totally unjustified, because they made her feel like she was to blame. Incidents like this makes people frustrated, because the victim’s voice is...
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...Kia Andrews February 25, 2012 CJ 3345-XTIB 12/T3 Mrs. Kappeler Rape and the Different Types According to Siegel (2012), Under traditional common-law definitions, rape involves nonconsensual sexual intercourse that a male performs against a female he is neither married to nor cohabitating with. Rape is a major problem that many of us Americans are facing today. (p.339) There are so many people today whose lives are changed forever because of being raped. We have to protect ourselves and loved ones from being one of those victims. There have been many ways to try and stop the victims from becoming victims, but it is still going on in today’s society. Some of the types of rape range from gang, serial, date, acquaintance, statutory, and marital. They differ in how, who, and when the victim is being raped. In this paper I am going to be explaining what is rape and the different types that are found in today’s criminal justice system. Rape started back in the Middle Ages where it was common from men to find women to take and rape them. According to Siegel (2012), During the Middle Ages, it was common for ambitious men to abduct and rape wealthy women in an effort to force them into marriage.(p.339) Rape is not only when a man rapes a women, but it can be a man over a man or women over man or another woman. As time passed from the Middle Ages, rape has affected many people in the world. There are many laws that are out now to......
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...Unknown Truth about Date Rape Date rape is a problem that seems to be growing every year. The definition of date rape according to Wikipedia, is nonconsensual sexual activity between people who are known to each other, either platonically or sexually. Date rape does not have an age limit or sexual preference, nor does it have a certain ethnicity. This type of violent act could happen to anyone. This act of violence just seems to happen to women more often than men. It’s very sad, but statistics show that in America a woman is raped every 2 minutes, according to the U.S. Department of Justice, and that sixty-eight percent of all rape victims know their attacker. About twenty-eight percent of all victims are raped by husbands or boyfriends, thirty-five percent by acquaintances, and five percent by other relatives according to, (Violence against Women, Bureau of Justice Statistics, U.S. Department of Justice 1994) which makes it very hard to prove, because it is your word against the attacker. It is very disappointing when someone you know and trust does this to you. Data shows that most rapes happen between 6pm and 6am. I think that’s why it is so important that if you have to travel after dark, to try and have someone with you, sort of like a buddy system, an attacker may think twice about trying something if you are not alone. It is very disturbing to know that date rape on college campuses has increased, and one in twelve college males have admitted......
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...Rape Culture Views: Attitudes and Practices in our Society that Normalize or Excuse Rape. Brianna Burke Sociology of Women Dr. King June, 20, 2013 Abstract Rape Culture views are based on attitudes and practices in our society that normalize or excuse rape. Society excuses rape because it has come to the belief that sex is an act of male domination and female submission. Although we have laws against rape they do not appear to be a main focus point. Society seems to minimalizes rape to the point of not caring, in some cases making the victims seem to be at fault. Because it seems that the repercussions of the rapist are not as tough as they should be, rapists repeat their actions without fear of severe punishment. The average sentence for convicted rapists was 11.8 years, while the actual time served was 5.4 years. In the US because of our rape culture, rape in the military became a major problem in recent years, even up until this problem was publicized. When first brought into the public’s eye the military didn’t seem to be taking rape seriously. Rape is not just a nightmare for military women but for men as well. Rape seems to be more main stream than some might think. Society more often than not are blaming the victims, the proof is in a recent 12-minute video of young men in Steubenville, Ohio, joking about the brutal, extended gang rape of a 16-year-old girl. According to one study of 16,000 Americans, 17.6% of women report having been victims of rape......
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...) Rape Culture on College Campuses and Why it Prevails Rape has become a taboo topic. Sexual assault is sugar coated into something less disturbing and brutal than it actually is. But rape is rape: the act of male or female taking sexual control or dominance over a nonwilling participant. It does not matter whether or not people feels comfortable discussing the topic of rape. Uncomfortability does not make a problem disappear. It is possible that rape culture is ignored because no one knows a permanent solution for it. But not talking about it will not fix it. An environment where rape culture prevails is on college campuses. 1 in every 4 college students admit to being raped or sexually assaulted on campus, this number fails to include the thousands of rape victims whose stories are never heard. Rape culture prevails on college campus because only an estimated 35% of these victims’ abusers are dealt with. Of those, only an estimated 20 30% percent are dealt with severely. Colleges ignore the severity rape culture on campus because it is a problem that is extremely difficult to remedy, but ignoring a problem will not solve it. “Culture is vital to the human species, but some cultural patterns are destructive” (Herman 45). Rape culture occurs when a set of values or beliefs create an environment that is conducive to rape. Rape culture does not refer to an actual place or setting, but to a culture that directly and indirectly surrounds and supports rape. ...
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...December 2014 When discussing sexual assault or rape, people often overlook the effects and aftermath of the situation, especially non-physical effects. Those of us who have the privilege of receiving public education are taught about the importance of consent-getting someone’s permission before touching their body-in sexual education classes, or maybe we are taught by our parents or other guardians. Regardless of how we are taught, we all learn that it is wrong to touch other people when we are told “no”. However, we hardly ever take the time to consider that there are more lasting effects of sexual assault than making someone uncomfortable. Sexual assault damages victims’ health physically as well as psychologically (Campbell). It is most common to hear about the physical impacts sexual assault can have on victims. Perpetrators of sexual assault are motivated by feelings of power and control over their victims, and therefore are violent and forceful, which can cause lasting physical damage to the victim. One hundred percent of completed rapes, 39 percent of attempted rapes, and 17 percent of sexual assaults against females result in injured victims. Immediate physical effects a person can experience after a sexual assault or rape include bruising, bleeding, difficulty walking, soreness of the body, disorientation, nausea, vomiting, and tension headaches, among other effects. Some other physical consequences experienced by rape survivors include gynecological......
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