...Red Light Cameras Proposition Paper Violeta Gonzalez Introduction Red light cameras have been created to decrease car accidents and increase the safety at intersections. The red light cameras have increased so it can be easy to enforce citizens to not pass a red light at intersections. More than 400 cities in United States have enforced red light cameras. But yet there have been disadvantages and advantages toward red light cameras. Red Light Cameras A red light camera is a camera that photographs a vehicle when it runs a red light an intersection. It has been in use since 1986. It becomes active once the signal light turns red. Photographs are taken from front and rear of the vehicle. Once the camera captures a photograph of a person passing a red light a citation is sent home through mail to the registered owner of the vehicle. Disadvantages of having red light cameras are increasing rear-end accidents, ticket recipients are not notified, driver not being identified and invasion of privacy. Rear-accidents are being increased because it makes the driver in the front hit the brake once the light is yellow and the car behind it has not enough time to brake. Most drivers are scared to run a red light and don’t want to get a ticket. Another reason is that recipients aren’t being notified as soon as possible. The government sends the ticket as first class. They assume that the driver gets it. The case may be that the driver never got it or the government assumes that...
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...Evelyn Solano English 102 22 March 2012 Problem Solved: Increase Yellow Light Timings The dreaded red light photo enforced tickets have caused a huge controversy not only in Chicago, but in all parts of the United States. Although more than 15 states and 21 cities have banned the use of red light cameras, Chicago doesn’t seem like it will be one to budge. The first red light camera in Chicago was placed in 2003 along with the impression that these photo enforced cameras will benefit all on the road including pedestrians and bicyclists. Red light cameras were introduced to the people as a form of protection to help ensure driver safety and reduce red light running. Since the first camera was installed, there has been a rapid spread all across Chicago to where there are even two cameras at one intersection. Based on the studies reported, there is, however, strong evidence that suggests that red light cameras are less effective than the high hopes that were placed at their inception. In this debate, I’m not asking to take down red light cameras because some people believe they are to create revenue, nor am I saying the cameras are worthwhile. The priority is to get them to work in the way they were intended to be used for not just for revenue as it has now become. Changes in the engineering aspect to create a better flow would do the best for the city of Chicago. A great amount of technology, contracting, design, and implementation goes into these traffic...
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...Description of Graph: As shown, yellow light has the fastest rate of photosynthesis out of white, red, and yellow light. The red light has the slowest rate of photosynthesis out of white, red, and yellow light. The white light has the median rate of photosynthesis out of the white, red, and yellow light. Analysis and Conclusion: The hypothesis for the white light experiment was: If white light is shone on the leaf disks in the beaker containing sodium bicarbonate, then the amount of time it takes for the four leaf disks to float will be faster than yellow and red light because visible light includes all wavelengths of color. For this experiment, the hypothesis was refuted. The amount of time that it took the leaf disks to float was faster than the red light, but it was not faster than the yellow light. While the white light had an average rate of 360 seconds, yellow light had an average rate of 224 seconds, and red light had an average rate of 488.75 seconds. The hypothesis for the red light experiment was: If red light is shone on the leaf disks in the beaker...
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...Case against Red Light Cameras In recent years technology has played an increasingly vital role in the enforcement of traffic violations and motorist safety, but not all advancements have been welcomed by the driving public. Over the last decade many cities and states have begun using red light traffic cameras to catch and fine motorists in an effort to motivate the public to drive more safely. In theory it makes great sense, however when put into practice it has yielded mixed results at best. While the number of citations issued has gone up dramatically the number of accidents has not. In fact many intersections with red light cameras installed have seen an increase in accidents. It is clear that the safety of the general population is paramount, but is red light cameras the most effective way to proceed? Once the data is analyzed it is clear that there are far safer alternatives that will also save taxpayers a great deal of money over red light cameras. In a September 2004 study by the Texas Transportation Institute conducted by James Benneson, P.E., many aspects of the way red light cameras operate were broken down by the researchers. It was discovered that in most instances the red light cameras issued citations within the first second of the light turning red. Almost all incidents of people being cited for running the red light occurred when the light turned red while the vehicle was already in the intersection. Due to the delay between the light turning from red to green...
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...Intro: Traffic light cameras are becoming more common at the major intersections in Colorado. The “Stop Running Red Lights” program was created to raise safety awareness and reduce traffic fatalities. Americans are in such a big hurry and there are more crashes at intersections from people trying to run the red light. Red-light cameras are designed to assist communities to control traffic in enforcing laws by photographing the vehicles as the driver’s run through the red light. However if your photo doesn’t come in clear they cannot prove who the driver of the vehicle was at the time of the offense. They began installing these cameras over the last seven years and overall they have not demonstrated a decrease in property damage or bodily injury.Two cities in Colorado, Fort Collins and Greenwood Village, have actually reported intersections where accidents have actually increased since they began enforcing the red-light cameras. The city is spending a lot of revenue installing these cameras and is this really about saving lives or just bigger revenue for “Big Brother”. This program has not demonstrated a significant reduction in bodily injury and proven to reduce the number of accidents involved at intersections. I drive down Santé Fe daily and I’ve observed many drivers’ speeding down the street to get past the light because the traffic line is too long. If Driver’s are now trying to speed through the light to beat the camera, how can this program be effective...
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...Local officials and the companies that sell and operate them love red light cameras, which are not called cameras in the law. Nearly everyone else, not so much. Why? Is Florida a hotbed of red light runners crashing into others? If you look at our traffic crash data over the past several years, you'll see that is not the case. My background is law enforcement. I worked for two years as a Florida deputy sheriff and the remaining 23 years of my 25-year career with the Florida Highway Patrol, where I worked as a trooper, traffic homicide investigator, and squad sergeant, and retired as an investigations lieutenant. I currently operate a small lobbying firm in Tallahassee that specializes in issues involving liberty. According to our Department of Highway Safety, red light running as a cause is around 2 to 3 percent of all crashes. One thing you will never see in any news story about the devices is how many red light running crashes are taking place to justify the need for these automated for-profit law enforcement devices. (Like the Florida Legislature, I don't call them red light cameras either.) Why didn't the Legislature call them red light cameras? It is simple really. Running a red light is a traffic infraction, as is speeding and passing a stopped school bus. It just so happens one automated for-profit company has devices for these other infractions. Calling the devices red light cameras would limit their use. Calling them traffic infraction detectors means they...
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...The University of Chicago Red Ink in the Rearview Mirror: Local Fiscal Conditions and the Issuance of Traffic Tickets Author(s): Thomas A. Garrett and Gary A. Wagner Source: Journal of Law and Economics, Vol. 52, No. 1 (February 2009), pp. 71-90 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/589702 . Accessed: 12/03/2011 22:11 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at . http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=ucpress. . Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. ...
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...Red flashing lights behind a driver, does this mean a regular traffic stop, or is the driver on the run from the police. Will he or she stop, or panic and decide to avoid the police lights and speed off. This is the making of a dangerous high speed chase, if the driver decides not to stop. When this happens, the officer is going to begin the chase, because he does not know whether the driver has committed some terrible crime, like robbery or, if he is a dangerous drug dealer, or perhaps a wanted sex offender. You never know when a high speed pursuit will start. They can sometimes start in a local area and continue into another jurisdiction. Although these chases are dangerous, neither the driver nor the police know what might be ahead of them. Although police chases are dangerous, police who allows suspects to flee run the risk that offenders will do even greater harm to citizens, says Michael Crivello, president of the Milwaukee Police Association and a city police detective. “They’re fleeing because they may be wanted for sexual assaults, shootings, homicides,” he says. “there are pursuits that are successfully concluded all the time, but you never hear about those.” Milwaukee changed its policy on pursuits last month after four people were killed by drivers fleeing police in three separate incidents in a two-month period. Police there now must have probable cause that a violent felony has occurred instead of reasonable suspicion before initiating a chase. ...
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...1998, found that Arizona was by far the most dangerous state for red light-related deaths, with Phoenix, Mesa and Tucson being the first, third, and fourth most deadly metro areas in the U.S. Consider the social costs of red-light running to Arizona as a whole. Statistics from the Arizona Department of Transportation and the Governor's Office of Highway Safety show that red light running in 2005 caused a total of 8,349 crashes in Arizona, which killed 80 people and injured 7,494 others. Below are some 2005 statistics from a few major cities in the state: |City |Crashes |Fatalities |Injuries | |Phoenix |3014 |19 |2902 | |Tucson |997 |6 |841 | |Tempe |507 |4 |394 | |Mesa |646 |9 |565 | |Scottsdale |347 |3 |306 | |Glendale |316 |3 |302 | [pic] http://www.arizonadriver.com/course_sample.html?p=14 The city has the cameras at 12 locations. Only one of those intersections - 15th and Missouri avenues - is among the top five for accidents. Another intersection with cameras, 53rd Avenue and Indian School Road, ranks in the top 10. Read more: http://www.azcentral.com/news/articles/2011/06/19/20110619phoenix-red-light-cameras.html#ixzz2Avm1CMuF Lt. Patrick Hofmann, photo-enforcement...
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...Red Light cameras causes more accidents Since the red light camera law went into effect in 2010, rear-end accidents have doubled in parts of Florida (Elmore 2010). It was mainly to prevent automobiles accidents when drivers ran red lights, and was implemented at the behest of widow Mellissa Wandall who lost a family member when a stranger ran a red light. Former State Rep. Ron Reagan was the lead sponsor of the bill. The law gave Florida the power to install cameras in places where the most accident happen due to red light violations, but the Red-Light Camera Law should be put on hold until more research and studies are done because of economic and safety issues related to its use. Professor “Barbara Langland-Orban” professor and chair of Health Policy and Management at the University of South Florida, said that the red light camera does not work. (Langland-Orban 2008) The injury rate from red-light running crashes has dropped by a third in less than a decade, indicating red-light running crashes have been continually declining in Florida without the use of cameras.. ( Johnson 2008 ) Comprehensive studies conducted by the Virginia transportation Research Council found that cameras were linked to increase crash cost (Garber and Miller 2007). People panic when coming to an intersection with cameras and tend to jump on the brake without looking to the rear for fear of getting a citation on the mail. The state of Florida conducted a poll asking if the camera law should...
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...Many citizens tend to overlook minor laws with the belief that it is ‘no big deal’. Frank Trippett in his passage from “A Red Light of Scofflaws” claims that social order is becoming lost due to the ignorance of many laws in place today. He starts by providing examples of common laws that seemed to regularly be overlooked in society. He does this in order to get his audience to realize that they too, may be breaking laws each and every day without even being fully conscious of it. He states that citizens find it to be a norm to ignore these rules. He continues by informing his audience that many people believe only violent crimes pose a threat or issue. He then explains that these minor breaks of the law lead to a breaking of social order as well so that his audience will consider the consequences of these actions. Trippett establishes a dissatisfied tone for his law-breaking...
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...Millions of Americans are beginning to break laws every day and they are becoming scofflaws, sounds crazy doesn't it? But it’s true, Frank Trippett in his passage “A Red Light for Scofflaws” mentions that more and more Americans are breaking laws as simple as speeding, littering on the side of a road, and even causing some noise pollution. Which is turning them into scofflaws. All of these laws aren't taken very seriously but they are still laws and people need to taken them more seriously before they end up being charged or possibly hurting somebody else. Somebody who would disagree with the author might say how there are people out there who actually obey the laws and are law abiding citizens or that just because you break such a small law like speeding that it does not make you a criminal. A majority of Americans are used to believing that the law and order is mostly threatened by violent crimes, Such as vehicular manslaughter, murder, rape, and kidnapping. Children lately have been raised around a world of people not obeying the laws and they think it is totally fine so when they grow up they will repeat the things that they saw growing up. So when they occasionally break these minor laws,...
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...Flash a red light on reckless lending Vince Cable argues in his article that the Financial Services Authority’s overlook on mortgages doesn’t go far away in to preventing a return to banks’ uncontrollable excesses. According to the Mortgage Market Review, “in a free society, borrowers and banks alone should be responsible for their actions” (Vince Cable). From other side author claim that “we are not operating in normal times or in normal industry” (Vince Cable) and the banking system is far away from perfect nowadays. Banks are ready to advance mortgages to borrowers with questionable credit worthiness make people believe that the increase of their property prices will be constant, and their savings are protected. Consequences are not considering which leading to shareholders loss and depositors are looking for a reduction in income. There is still great demand for mortgages; banks are keeping their offerings in terms of loan-to-value ratios. As the housing market has not adjusted and cyclical patterns of boom and attacks are periodically occur, the banking systems should not return to the former lending practices. What in author opinion should be done, is “to recapture the old-fashioned building society model of lending that was lost in the feeding frenzy after demutualisation: lending with care and treating borrowers with respect”(Vince Cable). In order to ensure safety and make lenders liable for a proper assessment of their capability to pay, the stiffed verification...
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...Everyday citizens walk the earth as criminals and some may not even know it. Frank Trippett in his passage, “A Red Light for Scofflaws” expresses how many people commit the scofflaws, meaning people who casually break the law. The author agrees with these small laws because they are simply there to protect and nourish society. He develops a strict tone that puts emphasis on the fact that these Scofflaws are still crimes being committed every day with no serious consequence. The foundation of social order is disturbed by those who do not abide by the rules. Scofflaws should be taken more seriously because without these there would be no order in our lives. “Millions of Americans who would never think of themselves as lawbreakers, let alone...
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...2009, MS Garden,Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia Automatic Infrared Light Switching System Mohd Norhafiz Norudin, Ranjit Singh, and Wong Yan Chiew Abstract - This paper presents an Automatic Infra Red Light Switching System which combines the electrical and electronics technologies. It is a major task for every household, company and industry to have a safe system and energy saving system installed on their buildings. Furthermore, automatic light switching will lead to energy saving and efficient energy usage which could benefit individuals and the whole country. Along with this, the system is developed to have a some safe enviroment without putting life on danger when switching ‘ON’ or ‘OFF’ the light after occupying the restroom. Basically, this system is design to be installed in the restroom. Apart from the automatic switching, it also comprises manual switching in case user needs to have light during the day. This system comprises two main parts: automatic light control for security purposes and for lighting areas. Keywords: Automatic light switching, Safe system, Energy saving system, Manual switching, Restroom installation I. INTRODUCTION In order to have electricity security and save energy [1], in most cases usually automatic switching is the most practical approach. Electronic sensors and microprocessor-based energy controllers will contribute to cost savings by regulating light output according to available daylight and lamp life span [2]...
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