...Managing in International Economies Individual assignment Submitted by Student Name: SHI YONGQIANG Annotated Bibliographies 1. Christina Öberg , (2014),"Customer relationship challenges following international acquisitions", International Marketing Review, Vol. 31 Iss 3 pp. 259 - 282 2. Rajah Rasiah Peter Gammeltoft Yang Jiang, (2010),"Home government policies for outward FDI from emerging economies: lessons from Asia", International Journal of Emerging Markets, Vol. 5 Iss 3/4 pp. 333- 357 3. Hamid Yeganeh, (2011),"Culture and international trade: evidence from Canada", International Journal of Commerce and Management, Vol. 21 Iss 4 pp. 381 – 393 Table of Content Annotated Bibliographies 2 1.0 Customer relationship challenges following international acquisitions 5 1.1Citation 5 1.2 Introduction 5 1.3Aims and Research methodology 5 1.4 Scope – Analysis, Findings and Results 6 1.5 Usefulness 6 1.6 Limitation 7 1.7 Challenges and Critiques 7 1.8 Conclusion 8 1.9 Reflection 8 2.0 Home government policies for outward FDI from emerging economies: lessons from Asia 9 2.1 Citation 9 2.2 Introduction 9 2.3 Aims and Research Methods 9 2.4 Scope – Analysis, Findings and Results 10 2.5 Usefulness 10 2.6 Limitation 11 2.7 Critiques and Challenges 11 2.8 Conclusion 11 2.9 Reflection 12 3.0 Culture and international trade: evidence from Canada 13 3.1 Citation 13 3.2 Introduction 13 3.3 Aims and Research Methods 13 3.4...
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...Cultural Issues and Ethics in International Business Introduction The expansive and unstoppable process of globalization has forced employers to form their ability to trade and negotiate with the outside world. However, it is important not only they are immersed in this subject, your staff, or one who is qualified to do so, you should also have access to the most significant aspects of foreign trade, logistics, and the impact. Companies are not limited to conduct private and government operations locally, but also with other countries. Precisely what we call international business is the relationship between an organization and its external world (Maddox, 1993). This type of activity also involves foreign trade and international, which includes transactions such as exports, imports, investments, or financing that are performed worldwide. Among the success factors that can be mentioned in the international business operations are competitiveness, financial support between the parties and logistics. This aspect is very important because when the actors involved are from different countries or regions, the business success is more complicated. In analyzing the economy, we must review the dimension that transcends the borders of a country, i.e. which addresses the problems international economic purposes (Maddox, 1993). The importance of international relations in trading, politics or culture has reached a global level, a deeper meaning that one cannot speak only about...
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...Team Reflection Team Reflection There are many things that are taught in Chapter 6; in this paragraph is the summary of the global environment and consequences of a global economy which can lead to global strategy. How the world economy is becoming more integrated than ever before. The global economy is becoming more integrated than ever before. For example, the World Trade Organization (WTO), formed in 1995, now has 153 member countries involved in more than 95 percent of the world’s trade. The newest members are Cambodia, Nepal, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Tonga, Ukraine, and Viet Nam (The International Monetary Fund, set up by the United Nations in 1945, serves a similar purpose and includes 185 countries). The WTO provides a forum for nations to negotiate trade agreements and procedures for administering the agreements and resolving disputes. Integration of the global economy means for individual companies and their managers. The increasing integration of the global economy has had many consequences. First, even as the output of the world’s economies surged during the middle of the past decade, international trade expanded even faster. When trouble in the financial industry sparked an economic downturn, European and North American imports declined, and other world trade growth slowed. But those trends are expected to be temporary, eventually reversing as economic conditions improve. Also in Chapter 6, the strategies organizations use to compete in the global marketplace....
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...opinions. Then, reflection for each topic will be also discussed to see what individual can learn from these processes. The purpose of this paper is to display the personal reflection after comparing individual responses and group responses with five objectives. The first objective is reflection 1 analyzes organizational ethics and the influence of Eastern cultures on choosing the best candidate; the second is reflection 2 describes culture differences, self – awareness, and the techniques to match, and to manage the cross – cultures; third is reflection 3 discusses about work and life balance that might help each manager manage well both in work places and at home; the forth is determining the approach to foster the creative problem solving which bases on the preserving problems in the library; and the last is reflection 5 applies the assessment model to solve the conflict in construction engineering company. These five assessments are surely very important for every manager. According to Rockefeller (2003), there are two most important aspects which CEO must care are creativity and social norms. He also mentioned, “It is very important to operate the firms within the framework of cultural, social, and economic values held by the people who will benefit from these operations” (p. 6). It means that a good manager not only has to concern about profit, but understands more about people with all hidden inside for a stable business. Therefore, this reflection report will focus...
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...global company, Wipro’s European sales, marketing and project management staff were exclusively Indian expatriates with a short time in Europe (Wipro Technologies Europe A, 2015). These staffs couldn’t build good relationships with the local communities compared with its competitors (Wipro Technologies Europe A, 2015). So Nandy took some measures to deal with these issues such as the Unreasonable staff structure and inadequate relation network. 2. The Analysis of some measures adopt by Nandy from three perspective of three culture framework This part will analyze the measures applied by Nandy from three perspectives of Hofstede cultural dimensions and Hall cultural dimensions in order to evaluate whether these measures are effective. 3.1 Hofstede Cultural Dimensions Hofstede cultural dimensions mainly consist of five aspects containing Power distance, Uncertainty avoidance, Femininity vs. masculinity, Individualism vs. collectivism and Confucianism vs. long-term orientation (Dowling, Festing & Engle, 2013). First, in the power distance Indian is a country with higher power distance compared with the America and Western countries (Hamza, Reza, Gholam & Meghdad, 2011). In this part Nandy hired the local people engaged into the Europe in order to make the team easily communicate with the European consumers and lower the power distance...
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...Brunel Business School – Doctoral Symposium 4th & 5th March 2010 Student First Name: Rajeh Student Second Name: Albugamy Copyright subsists in all papers and content posted on this site. Further copying or distribution by any means without prior permission is prohibited, except for the purposes of non-commercial private study or research, as defined in the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or as otherwise authorised by statute. To obtain permission, please contact the author of the relevant paper in the first instance or email copyright@brunel.ac.uk with details of your request. The Impact of Saudi Culture on Recruitment and Selection Practices in the Privet Sector in Saudi Arabia By Rajeh T. Albugamy Submitted to BBS Doctoral Symposium Brunel University 4th & 5th March, 2010 -2- Abstract The ultimate goal of recruitment and selection is to hire or get the right people for the right positions, i.e. qualifications; skills and merit are the criteria that should determine who would occupy the job rather than nepotism, favouritism or any other cultural elements (Alghailani, 2005). In Saudi Arabia like the other Arab countries , wasta for example, an Arabic term which means using connections for personal gains, is deeply rooted in the culture and having a big influence on people’s life and business among that obtaining a job depending on the strength of wasta (Hutchings and Weir, 2006). Employees in Saudi Arabia with strong family and tribal connections...
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...MGMT301: Managing Across Cultures Subject Outline Subject Information Semester One, 2015 Offshore Campus (INTI International College Subang) Lecture Information: 3 hours lecture, 1 hour tutorial Pre-requisites: MGMT110 plus 12 cps from 200 or 300 level Faculty of Commerce subjects Co-requisites: Nil Teaching Staff Teaching Role | Lecturer | Name | Mr. Ronald Hor Yew Kheong | Telephone | 603-5623 2800 (UOW Program Office) | Email | ronald.hor@gmail.com | Room | UOW Program Office | Consultation Times | To be advised | Email Etiquette: Consultation with your subject coordinator and/or teachers via email Your teachers receive many emails each day. In order to enable them to respond to your emails appropriately and in a timely fashion, students are asked to observe basic requirements of professional communication: Consider what the communication is about * Is your question addressed elsewhere (e.g. in this subject outline or, where applicable, on the subject's eLearning site)? * Is it something that is better discussed in person or by telephone? This may be the case if your query requires a lengthy response or a dialogue in order to address. If so, see consultation times above and/or schedule an appointment. * Are you addressing your request to the most appropriate person? Specific email title/ header to enable easy identification of subject related/ student emails * Identify the subject code of the subject you are enquiring...
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...Introduction Cross cultural studies has great impact especially to business managers. National culture or core culture that developed the individual before it is influenced by other factors in the environment and society is subject to change depending on how strong the influences would be. However for the individual to fit in, they have to embrace the new found culture or a new culture might have evolved combining the core values and the current society’s value. Literature Review In Kelley, MacNab and Worthle (2006) paper, they have studied that when two or more diverse cultures are combined together, depending on how strong the county’s core national culture, three things may occur – culture convergence, divergence or crossvergence. Their study of US, Hongkong and Taiwan for years had gave them results on how culture can change. Like for example is in terms of uncertainty avoidance and power distance between Hongkong and Taiwan. It was found that Hongkong increases its uncertainty avoidance than Taiwan and the reason for this could be because Hongkong was turn over from UK to China. US known to be the first individualist country from previous studies appears to becoming collectivist and the power distance increases from their study of US banking industry. This one has been attributed to the lay offs happened in banking industry when the study was conducted. The authors remarked that Culture can change due to influences like globalization, economic and technological change...
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...evaluate the issues of this case in relation to the recruitment and selection processes followed by the company. How effective have the firm’s processes been? The HR department of Kline & Associates was clearly neglectful in many aspects on the assignment of Fred Bailey moving to Japan. The way this whole recruitment process occurred was not well managed from the beginning, since the opportunity appeared because the person managing Japan had been promoted, so Fred would just take his place. That is the first evidence that shows why things where not working. The company should have been involved in the selection and training process for the expatriate in advance. Fred did not know many basic differences between these two cultures, and lacked the knowledge to handle it, therefore, he committed many mistakes with wrong assumptions. Somehow he thought that United States should not be very different from Japan, he was in charge of 7 Americans and 33 Japanese, and thought people had the same motivations, so he could apply the same strategies and behaviours when conducting business. As shown in the case, the company did not provide him with the appropriate training that an expat should have to take the position on managing director. HR should contain cultural awareness programs, preliminary visits, job training, practical assistance and language training (Dowling, Festing & Engle 2013). The human resource managers must have training programs before an expat is sent to his assignment...
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...headscarf on your head. It is the result of a learning process through life, and it forms your values, behavior, ideas, ways of communicating (verbal and non-verbal) and simply the rules you are living by – all your do’s and don’ts . Take a look at the article ‘’given all we know of whales, why resume the slaughter?’’ from The Guardian Online, April 6, 2010 by Paola Calalieri, it suggests that ‘’we now live in globalized times’’ but even though we have made it more easy to communicate (Internet etc.) & to travel across borders, the borders are still there, meaning the culture is still different within each border. Many international organizations have tried, and some succeeded, to introduce international laws, like the WTO (World Trade Organization), NGO (Non-Governmental Organization) and the Human Right Organization; also there is an International Whaling Commission which is trying to prevent different cetaceans from becoming extinct. If they succeeded, and the species are now again flourishing, why can the hunters not hunt them again like they used to? Human kind strives for knowledge, and now that we now that whales are intelligent and sensitive beings, we suddenly have a certain compassion for them, and that makes...
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...implication on the international business management. Introduction Today, problems associated with global business management have been identified as factors that negatively impact the performance and productivity of multinational corporations and in turn, adversely affect regional and national economic growth The goal of this paper is to analyze the influence of culture in international business. The globalization of the world economy has intensified international relationships, increasing the importance of cultural dimension. The world is being affected by the globalization of the economy. This phenomenon is bringing movement of companies, assets, services, capital and people. Analyzing globalization this process is taking the world to major changes in the economic, technologic and social areas, which are having consequences in all organizations and societies that participate in this globalized market. It is a process that does not bring equal benefits to all participants. The globalization concentrates more of its actions in some sectors of economic activity and some regions and countries, rather than acting everywhere. With the world getting flatter doing business anywhere in the world is easier today, because of major changes in technology, global politics and expanded educational opportunities. But it is not only businesses that are affected. Governments, NGOs and society itself is changing at a fast pace. Nevertheless going forward can only happen if business managers understand...
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...We are living in a world where business is evolving the advancement in technology has seen companies expand there client base to a global level. This paper will discuss the standardized marketing strategy of IKEA and evaluate the issues surrounding standardized marketing on a global scale by relating it to multinational corporations alike. Using Hofstede’s Culture theory, it will also discuss whether our cultures of the world are becoming similar, or are we seeing a direct reflection of clever marketing. What standardization (and adaption) could be considered to be: the offering of identical product lines at identical prices through identical distribution systems supported by identical promotional programs in several different countries. (Buzzell, 1968 p 103) Although IKEA practice a standardized marketing strategy in some aspects of the marketing mix such as product, price and place they are certainly not entirely standardized when it comes to their promotion strategy, this is evident when looking at the move into China where they were forced to adapt to Chinese cultural differences. IKEA’s target market has always been ‘everyone’ in other countries however the target market was extremely different in China, the main target is women as they are considered the decision makers and were born in the ‘one child policy’ generation. This group was identified as being impulsive, easy to influence and committed to leading foreign consumer brands (Johannson 2009 p. 44). Due to the...
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...INTERNATIONAL AND COMPERATIVE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ASSIGNMENT 1 INDIVIDUAL REPORT Module Leader: MOIRA CALVELEY Content * Introduction……………………………………………………………………..3 * Hofstede culture thoery…………………………………..……………….4 * Labour Laws……………………………………………………………………..7 * Trade Unions……….…………………………………………………………..8 * Conclusion……….………………………………………………………………9 * Reflection….…………………………………………………………………..10 * Appendix………………………………………………………………………12 * Reference…………………………………………………………………….15 Introduction Employees working in an organisation are the human resource of the organisation. It is the most important resource of the organisation. It is the most important resource out of the various resources that are available to the organisation. Human resource management includes everything from planning the human resource; recruiting and developing them through continuous training. It may also involve retrenching the workers if management feels it essential to achieve objectives. Managing resources is quite complex in many countries as their exist lot of disparities due to difference in cultures, educational background, income levels etc. According to Flippo, Hrm is the planning, organising, directing, and controlling of the procurement, development, compensation, integration, maintenance and reproduction of human resource to the end that individual, organisational and societal objectives are achieved. International...
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...include them in their diet. For the nurse, who follow Jainism it is despicable, but the Christian or Muslim nurse would believe that they are the essential components of their daily diet. Such code of ethics of an individual is developed and refined from the social and cultural background from childhood to adulthood. Every human being initiates to develop ethical standard or character virtually from birth. As they go through developmental phases, they are taught right from wrong, generate empathy for others through interactive observations and understand as to how to behave in a style that is appropriately. They cultivate different perceptions, philosophies, cultural outlooks and distinct ethical concepts, as they go through real life experiences. I attained the basic knowledge of life basically from my parents, church, schools; right from kindergarten, books and from personal reflections. The principles and morals developed over time shaped me as what I am today and help me to interact effectively in society. Some folks follow heroes and heroines as a role model. Specific values, doctrines, political outlooks are formed throughout the developmental stages in everybody’s lifetime. Personal, Cultural and Spiritual Values which Contribute to My Worldview and Philosophy of Nursing I was born and brought up in a middle-class family in Kerala; South India. Fortunately I had a very close-knit family, where we had frequent family interactions. We...
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...International Advertising ADV 301 Personal Reflection Assessment Victoria luxford Personal Reflection Assessment –International Advertising Q1 Out line your top five key leanings that you have derived from undertaking ADV 301 International Advertising From the subject International I have obtained an array of new understandings in to not only advertising but other information that will become useful in my degree major marketing. 1) I discovered the differences between domestic and international advertising and how as a advertiser you need to be conscious of this when designing a campaign . Domestic | International | * More target specific * Differing media mediums * Local slang | * Languages * Symbols * Body language * Differing media mediums * Laws and regulations * Demographics | (Lecture 1 ADV 301) 2)When advertising internationally you must take on a series of factors when deciding to either standardize or change the advertisement . Factors such as the environmental factors : * Economic environment * Political environment * Legal/regulatory environment * Socio-cultural environment * Technological environment Are extremely important and must be taken into consideration in order fot the given advertisement or campaign to be successful. 3) Value= Total Benefit eg. Social acceptance Total Costs eg. Travel, time involved, parking fees, cost of product, opportunity and psychological 4) Advertising...
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