...ACADEMIC PLAN FOR SEMESTER-VIII (for 2011-12) SUB : Quality Control & Quality Assurance Sub. Code: ETME – 402 Total Lecture Available: Total Teaching Weeks in Semester: weeks Total Tutorial Classes : |S.No. |TOPICS TO BE COVERED |Lecture | |FIRST TERM | | |1 |Introduction | | | |Introduction, Definitions & Need of Quality | | | |Quality Design, Quality of Conformance, Quality of Performance |1 | | |Quality Characteristic, Specification of Quality, Quality Function | | | |Cost of Quality, Value of Quality, Optimum Quality of Design |1 | | |Inspection & Types of Inspection | | | |Concept of Quality Control & Its Objectives, Inspection v/s...
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...RELIABILITY ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT RELIABILITY MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR TEXTILE MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR RELIABLE TEXTILE MATERIALS BY YUSUF AJIBOLA SARAFADEEN (201318885) Mini Research paper in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree MASTER OF ENGINEERING IN ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT FACULTY OF ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG Supervisor: Mr. Alex Rooney TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION RELIABILITY RELIABILITY RELIABILITY MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGY RELIABILITY MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGY TEXTILE MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS TEXTILE MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS TEXTILE MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS TEXTILE MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS DESIGN FOR RELIABILITY DESIGN FOR RELIABILITY 1 2 3 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 DESING FOR RELIABILITY 13 DESIGN FOR RELIABILITY OF A TEXTILE MANUFACTURING SYSTEM TO PRODUCE RELIABLE TEXTILE MATERIALS 13 -15 CONCLUSION REFERENCES 16 17 ABSTRACT The improvement of manufacturing process during the past years due to technology advancement and data collected from statistical analysis of plant/equipment failures is remarkable. Many companies have developed to the point where breakdown maintenance and preventive maintenance are the predominant maintenance approaches. Despite these improvements in technology and apparent unending stream of new maintenance management strategies plant/equipment performance is in many cases not the most reliable...
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...11P171 Section – ‘C’ Supervised by- Prof. Manoj Srivastava Abstract In today’s highly competitive world markets, high reliability plays increasingly important role in the modern manufacturing industry. Accurate reliability predictions enable companies to make informed decisions when choosing among competing designs or architecture proposals. This is all the more important in case of specialized fields where operations management is a necessary requirement. Therefore, predicting machine reliability is necessary in order to execute predictive maintenance, which has reported benefits include reduced downtime, lower maintenance costs, and reduction of unexpected catastrophic failures. Here, the role of Support Vector Machines or SVMs comes in to predict the reliability of the necessary equipment. SVMs are cited by various sources in the field of medical researches⁶ and other non-mining fields¹ to be better than other classifying methods like Monte-Carlo simulation etc. because SVM models have nonlinear mapping capabilities, and so can more easily capture reliability data patterns than can other models. The SVM model minimizes structural risk rather than minimizing training errors improves the generalization ability of the models. Contents 1. Objective 2. Literature Review * Introduction of Reliability * Introduction of Support Vector Machine 3. Case Study 4. Conclusion 5. References Objective...
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...INSE 6310 Systems Engineering Maintenance Management (4 credits) 1. General Information • • • • • • INSE 6310: Systems Engineering Maintenance Management (4 credits) Mondays Wednesday: 6:30 p.m. – 9:00 p.m., H-531 Zhigang (Will) Tian, Ph.D., Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, ENCS. Office: EV7.637, extension 7918, tian@ciise.concordia.ca Office hours: Wednesdays from 2:00 p.m. to 4:00 p.m., or by appointment. Course website: http://users.encs.concordia.ca/~tian/INSE6310 On the course website, you can find lecture slides, handouts, course project information, and other resources. Students are suggested to visit the course website regularly. 2. Course Description • This course teaches basic concepts, models, methods and tools in maintenance management. The related reliability concepts, deterministic replacement, preventive maintenance and condition based maintenance will be discussed. Case studies will be performed. Software tools will be introduced. 3. Prerequisites • • A solid background in Probability and Statistics is required to be successful in this course. MATLAB will be used as a tool to solve assignment problems (primarily Matlab and the Optimization Toolbox). 4. Course Materials • Textbook (required): o Andrew K.S. Jardine, Albert H.C. Tsang. Maintenance, Replacement, and Reliability: Theory and Applications, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2006. ISBN: 0849339669 • Available at the Concordia University Bookstore. • Put on reserve...
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...MTBF and Power Supply Reliability Abstract: A general misconception is that Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) is the same as the operational life of a product. In fact MTBF represents the statistical approximation of the percentage of units that will pass (or fail) during a products useful life period. MTBF should be considered as a measure of a product’s reliability, not product life. There are many factors that go into the determination of product reliability, such as grounding methods, electrical stresses, and temperature. Oftentimes there are even differences in the way the calculations are derived due to a manufacturer’s methodology and approach to reliability engineering. Product reliability speaks to the strength of the design and the commitment of the manufacturer. Therefore special care should be given to understanding all the key concepts of MTBF. In this way, one can accurately determine the best product and manufacturer for a given application. John Benatti Technical Support Engineer Astrodyne Corporation 508-964-6300 x 6330 jbenatti@astrodyne.com www.astrodyne.com 1 Introduction MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures) may be one of the more familiar terms seen in datasheets, yet there is still a widespread misunderstanding of the term and its application. Consequently, some designers place too much emphasis on this parameter, others very little, and some have trudged through too many disparate data sheets to deem it any use at all. The truth...
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...----------------------- Energy Trace Barrier Analysis (ETBA) – Qualitative analysis technique used to identify hazards by tracing energy flow into, thru, & out of a system. “Energy hazard” is defind as an energy source tht adversely impacts an unprotectd or vulnerable target. Assessment is conductd by following the energy path to determine if adequate controls are in place to assure undesird energy release does not occur.– Energy flow is tracd through the system operation & energy transfer points are identifid– Barriers to ento energy flow are evaluatd to determine adequacy • ETBA process can be applied at any stage of the project lifecycle & can be very useful for:– Systems design –Developing procedures(e.g., lockout--‐tagout). – Planning/judging operational readiness. – During mishap investigation or making “safe--‐to--‐enter” decisions at mishap sites. ETBA Approach • Examine system & identify all energy sources • For each energy source, trace its path through the system • Identify all targets tht could be vulnerable to the energy source • Identify all barriers in the energy flow path • Determine if existing controls are adequate. Energy Source– any material, mechanism, or process tht contains potential energy tht can be releasd •Electrical •Mechanical •Chemical •Radiation• Sonic• Thermal• Nuclear• Pneumatic• Hydraulic• Others Energy barrier --‐ any design or administrative method tht prevents energy from being releasd or prevents a hazardous energy source from reaching a...
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...Chapter 3: Introduction to Reliability Theory Claver Diallo OUTLINE 1. Part 1: Basic Reliability Models 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. System Reliability function Probability distributions Reliability Block Diagram Serial and Parallel Structures Stand-by Structure k-out-of n Structure Complex structure 2. Part 2: Reliability of Structures 3. Part 3: Reliability Allocation 4. References 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Chapter 3 - Part 1: Basic Reliability Models SYSTEM System: a collection of components or items performing a specific function. 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 STATE OF A SYSTEM A system is considered to be in one of the two following states: In operation (Up) Failed (Down) Transition from one state to the other occurs according to a known or unknown probability function. de aF de aF delllliiiiaF de aF 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 noitca ecnanetniaM noitca ecnanetniaM noitca ecnanetniaM noitca ecnanetniaM riapeR riapeR riapeR riapeR e eruliaF gn arepO gn arepO gniiiittttarepO gn arepO SYSTEM LIFETIME Lifetime is a measure of performance. Lifetime is a measure of performance. In general, lifetime is measured by the number In general, lifetime is measured by the of hours the system was in operation. number of hours the system was in operation. It can also be measured by the number of It can also be measured by the number of km or miles raced, number of pages copied, pages copied, km or miles raced, number wheel rotations, …etc. of wheel rotations, …etc. Lifetime (T) is a...
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...minimize their effects. Figure 19.1 shows how this chapter fits into the operation’s improvement activities. Operations strategy Failure prevention and recovery Operations process improvement makes processes better Design Operations management Improvement Total quality management organizes process improvement Planning and control Failure prevention and recovery stops processes becoming worse Topic covered in this chapter Figure 19.1 This chapter covers failure prevention and recovery . 618 Part Four Improvement Key questions I I I I I ??? Why do operations fail? How is failure measured? How can failure and potential failure be detected and analyzed? How can operations improve their reliability? How should operations recover when failure does occur? Operations (not) in practice Barings Bank and Nick Leeson On 3 March 1995 Nick Leeson, the Singapore-based ‘rogue trader’, was arrested immediately after his flight from the Far East touched down in Frankfurt. Since 27 February, the world’s financial community had...
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...Hardware Failure Transient faults, intermittent faults and Permanent faults are the three types of component errors. A transient deficiency happens once and then vanishes. In the event that the operation has repeated then the system will function typically. An irregular fault emerges, then goes away, surfaces again and the cycle repeats. A typical reason for an irregular interruption is a faulty or loose contact on a connector. These issues are frustrating and hard to maintain due to their intermittent behavior. Finally there are permanent faults created by faulty parts. The system will not function until the part is swapped. Worn out chips, programming bugs and processor errors are all patterns of undying flaws. Byzantine Failure The processor is special component, and it can fail in three ways, fail quietly, Byzantine and break. All lead to an alternate type of malfunction. A fail-stop, shortcoming happens when a processor quits working. It generally will not acknowledge inputs and will not output anything, with the exception of maybe to say it is no longer working. Byzantine liabilities happen when a flawed processor keeps on running, giving wrong answers and perhaps working with other defective processors to give the notion that they are working as they should. Compared with fail-silent errors, Byzantine issues are complex to diagnose and more complicated to manage. A slow-down fault happens when a certain processor executes slowly but surely. That processor may be named...
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...“Never let the fear of failure be an excuse for not trying. Society tells us that to fail is the most terrible thing in the world, but I know it isn’t. Failure is part of what makes us human.” Amber Deckers, Ella Mental and the Good Sense Guide It is universally accepted that from ancient times humanity makes everything possible to comprehend or invent something new and to develop what has already been discovered. To be quite plain it cannot go without mistakes in this case. In spite of all our wishes and intentions, making false steps turns out to be inseparable part of our life. Moreover failure is considered to be one of the greatest man’s fears. There is no need to deny the fact that up-to-date life is sure to lay high claims to every person and to enhance the importance of competition. Seeking after perfection and willing to make some favorable impression one, in contrast, grows weaker before failure. Frankly speaking the very point, not to be forgotten, is that perfection exists only in our imagination but not in real life. Thus understanding of such thing can become the only way to accept one’s own and somebody else’s failure. You can’t but take into account that all greatest discoveries happened mostly by trial and error. Society imposes certain conditions, according to what it can result in the fear of misfortune that leads us, in turn, to more sizable blunder. Right for mistake means often the right for some innovation, research, experiment...
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...Paragraph 1 – A group came to Dweck, a psychology professor, to ask why their athletes were not motivated to train more (talent was not a problem, the athletes were very skilled). Paragraph 2 – The suspected problem with the athletes was the belief ‘that star players are born – not made’ Working hard means the players are admitting a lack of talent. The star players are confident in their abilities. QUESTION What motivates you to work at something? Are ‘stars’ born? Or can people work hard to achieve the same ‘star’ status? Can confidence cause laziness? What was the ‘mind-set’ of the athletes? (see the chart and explain your answer to the group) Paragraph 3 – Dweck’s introduction and basic research. Dweck studies what makes people ‘reach their potential’ while other’s fail. Dweck said the reason why some try harder when other’s give up is how people view ‘ability.’ Dweck said people view ‘ability’ as either (1) something that comes naturally or (2) something that is developed through practice Paragraph 4 – Research Findings – If people open their mind to making an effort, big improvements are possible. QUESTION What does it mean to ‘reach your potential’? What is something you feel prevents your from reaching your potential when learning to do something new? What is the dictionary definition of ‘ability’? (search and scribe) Which definition of ‘ability’ do you agree with? What would you say most people in your culture agree with? In your opinion, how...
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...IT Project Implementation Failures Danielle Washington HCS/483 March 13, 2012 Chip Snyder IT Project Implementation Failures For every type of technology there is also a type of failure to go along with it. The failure rate of the IT project implementation is outstandingly high. There are about thirteen different types IT project failures. Those failures consist of but not limited to lack of clarity of purpose, lack of belief in the project, insufficient leadership support, and organization inertia. Other failures are organizational baggage, lack of appropriate reward system, lack of candor, perplexity complex failure, and failure to respect uncertainty. The remainder of those failures is initiative undernourishment, failure to anticipate short-term disruptions, invisible progress and lack of technology stability and maturity. In the following paragraphs five of these failures will be highlighted in regards to the Memorial Health System CPOE Implementation case study. The first failure highlighted is lack of belief in project. This is when the organization not convinced that the project is worth doing at all and in turn brings forth resentment (Wager, Lee, & Glaser, 2009). In the case study when the CPOE was brought before everyone the project was considered controversial. If I was CEO I would have proposed it then took a vote to see what the outcome would be and let everyone voice their opinion and then take everything into consideration before making a...
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...BP bears brunt of blame for the deepwater horizon catastrophe for Report says oil company is 'ultimately responsible' for oil spill but rig contractors also implicated in some areas BP’s share prices rose almost 5% but fell back after report was published Photograph: Molly Riley/REUTERS A key US federal report has focused the blame for the worst offshore oil spill in US history on BP, but criticised its contractors sufficiently for the markets to push BP's share price up. Amid a string of failures, BP's "cost or time-saving decisions… were contributing causes of the blowout," the report concluded. Assigning ultimate responsibility for the disaster – and the billions of dollars of clean-up and compensation costs – will take years of legal action, but Wednesday's investigation report was seen as a significant indicator as it was conducted by the regulator responsible for offshore activities. The blowout at the Deepwater Horizon rig in the Gulf of Mexico in April 2010 killed 11 people and led to almost 5 million barrels of oil being spilt into the ocean. BP's share price rose almost 5% in London on rumours the report would help avert the company being found grossly negligent in future, which would increase its financial liabilities hugely. But it fell back after the report was published, finishing the day up 3.5% at 395.1p. The investigation, jointly conducted by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement (Boemre) and the US Coast Guard, stated that a...
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...Manufactures of Quality Products Memo To: Supervisor From: Manager cc: Team Leader Date: October 31, 2014 Re: Cost and Quality Consideration As a company, we strive for excellence and quality. Staying focused on implementing a structured quality management system that is rooted in standardization and monitoring and performing statistical analysis is critical for us to gain market share and consumer confidence. We must balance our production objective goals for the lowest financials that will yield us the highest return on production. While balancing operational excellence that does not overburden and tax our staff in the production and distribution. It is imperative to remember there are cost associate with maintaining and producing a high quality products. These costs are failure, appraisal and prevention. 1. Failure costs occur when our product fails to conform to the design specifications. Failure cost can be broken into two categories, external and internal. Both costs are associated with deficiencies in the product. External failure costs are identified after the customer has purchased the product and returns it because it failed to meet theirs expectation. This could result in the customer filing a complaint, returning the product, shipping issues or packaging, product defects that create a warranty claim, or recall on the product resulting in a repair, replacement or refund of the product. Internal failure costs are the defects found and associate...
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...Why did the BUF fail to gain more support in Britain? The BUF failed to gain support in Britain as a result of Hitler’s rise to power and a shift in Communist policy, which organised anti-fascism in Britain. Although Oswald Mosley gained support through his great oratorical ability and his energy and charisma, he surrounded himself with mediocrities in the party. This meant that the BUF were dependent on Mosley and never had a separate identity as a credible political movement. In order to have gained more support needed to create a successful ‘New Party’, Mosley, able as he was, could not have solely depended on his own characteristic traits, he needed more party members with the same political ability as he, to gain helpful advice, which in turn would have created some more support. Another reason for the failure of the BUF was that they had managed to gain some support because of the grim economic atmosphere of the 1930s, and once the economy began to pick up, the BUF began to wither. Mosley’s proposals of solving the unemployment issue with greater use of tariffs, governmental control of banks and early retirement schemes initially gained support, especially in London’s East End and Manchester, as other parties failed to solve the unemployment issue - the BUF appealed as it offered a different way of solving the issue. However, support soon diminished as the economy had started to recover, and the British public noticed the BUF’s sympathy for Nazi Germany in the 1930s...
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