...Work is no longer a domestic relationship and we also saw that master as employer have great control their servant/employees in their work performance. Control becomes an important key to determine if a person is an employee as of today or to show if there is an employment relationship. There are differences between employees and independent contractors, an independent contractor is a person who agrees to deliver a certain outcome whereas an employee, who must obey instructions from his or her employer in the discharge of his duties, so independent contractor act independently from the principal that hires him.The independent contractor can delegate others to complete the job as the principal is not concerned with how the contractor does it, so long the outcome is achieved. Using control test from the common law, we can determine that Amanda is an employee of the company as the company control her working hours. We are concerned with the nature of the control and the degree of the control – Federal Commissioner of Taxation V J Walter Thompson (Aust) Pty Ltd (1994) Case. In Walter Thompson case, the company hired artists to perform radio plays for advertisements. The High court of Australia found that the producer controlled the actors during rehearsals and performance and held that there is an employment relationship here. Thus , we can use this case to prove that Amanda is an employee of the company. We can use the multi factor test to determine whether Amanda is the...
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...When thinking critically about Benjamin Franklin’s view on the poor laws, it became apparent that his views were connected to the views of a conservative. Benjamin Franklin believed that “the best way of doing good to the poor is not making them easy in poverty, but leading or driving them out of it” (Williams, H.,1994). Analyzing Benjamin’s meaning behind this statement is thought provoking; from a conservative point of view this statement can be perceived as individuals needing to take care of them selfs without any help from social services or government agencies. Benjamin Franklin believed that all individuals should be solely responsible for themselves and their economic welfare even if they were to become disabled or elderly, the belief was that they should have prepared for the unknown (Williams, H., 1994). Franklin took the stance that the poor laws made individuals dependent on others to provide for them, which then would lead to increased poverty and reliance on government supports. Franklin argued that the less you provide for individuals forces the individual to do for themselves, promoting independence, self worth and riches. Although Franklin believed that getting assistance form private charities could be harmful; he also believed that if the government was able to delegate how the programs were managed then this would prove to be 1 more effective (Williams, H., g82). The view that the government would be able to police the programs to ensure that individuals...
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...Commonalities and Successes Jacqueline Friederich BSHS/425 April 6, 2015 Joanie Blamer Commonalities and Successes Human service organizations are unique from organizations in the general business world. In this paper will explicate the essential focal point of all human service programs. It will as well identify the trends of human services, and identifying qualities of human service agency's associate with and how the office contributes to success. Central Focus of Human Service Programs Human service agencies work together, sharing the same goal in each program to enhance the client’s well-being (Lewis & Packard, 2012). In order to assist clients to improve their lives as human service professionals work together in different program settings. The common denominators are essential in the delivery of services. In order to enhance the client’s lives, each organization provides specific services but maintain the same goal. According to Harvey (1998), “having a very clear sense of purpose, direction, mission, or vision and a focus on its accomplishments is necessary to achieve excellence in Human Service Organization.” The human service mission is the needs of the client’s first and the commitment to improving the quality of life with the client and those in the community. Trends In Human Services Throughout the years, trends have changed the service delivery on the specific time. The different factors that change the service deliveries are political...
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...State Agency Initiative Project Clinton Alford MGT/522 – Public Administration: Institutions and Processes August 11, 2014 Instructor Eddie Gordon State Agency Initiative Project The focus of this project will center on South Carolina Initiative called “Strengthening Families South Carolina.” In this project, the subject to discuss will be to recognize where this initiative began at the state level and how it was supported. Most important, the subject to discuss is how the initiative influences local government and communities and recognize how this initiative was implemented at the agency using the personnel structure. The subject to discuss in this project is also to deliberate if privatization is a better alternative to carry out this initiative. Finally, I will present an organizational chart of the South Carolina Department of Social Services that displays the relationship between the state government’s structure with the local government’s structure, along with each component’s function and how privatization influences both state and local structures. Identify where this initiative originated at the state level and how it was supported The South Carolina State Initiative “Strengthening Families South Carolina” is conducted by the Children’s Trust of South Carolina (SCDSS, 2012). Most important, this initiative is a foundation created by the Center for the Study of Social Policy over the last ten years to stop child neglect and abuse (SCDSS, 2012)...
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...of Hawaii’s most profound agencies known in the State of Hawaii that is correlated with human services is “Helping Hands Hawaii.” Although there are many agencies that have different approaches, human services rely on agencies that are most cost-efficient yet effective. Interoperability plays a major role in the future of human services. It is the “ability of two or more systems to exchange information and to use the information that has been exchanged” (Schoech, 2010). The three possible models for approaching interoperability in the human services are Loosely Linked Network Model, Network Model, and Top-Down Model. Human services emphasize in the importance of interoperability, as agencies collaborate with the same identified need to help others. Helping Hands Helping Hands Hawai’i manages numerous programs that benefit the people of Hawaii; this includes Behavioral Health Programs, Ready to Learn, Emergency Assistance Program and many more. Their mission is to support the community by improving the quality of people’s lives through the delivery of goods and services to those who are in need. For families and individuals, Helping Hands Hawaii is a new quality of life that overcomes the obstacles that block the way of meeting their full potential. This non-profit organization revenue from State agencies, grants from the local and national government and the Aloha United Ways. The annual donors that contribute to the agency helps the agency meet the growing needs of...
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...Market and Nonmarket Environments Market environment includes those interactions (which involve voluntary economic transactions and the exchange of property) between firms, suppliers and customers that are governed by Markets and Contracts. Nonmarket environment is composed of the social, political and legal arrangements that structure interactions (between the firm and individuals, interest groups, govt. entities, and the public which are intermediated not by markets but by public and private institutions) outside of, but in conjunction with, markets and contracts. Public institutions differ from markets because of characteristics such as majority rule, due process, broad enfranchisement, collective action, and publicness. Activities in the non market environment are Voluntary when, firm cooperates with govt. officials or an environment group and are Involuntary in the case of, govt. regulation or a boycott of a firm’s product led by an activist group. Nonmarket issues high on firms agenda include : 1. Environmental Protection 2. Health & Safety 3. Regulation & Deregulation, 4. Intellectual Property Protection 5. Human Rights 6. International Trade Policy 7. Regulation & Anti-trust 8. Activist Pressures 9. Media Coverage of Business 10. Corporate Social Responsibility & 11. Ethics Management & Managers is both responsible for formulating and implementing nonmarket as well as market strategies. Market Environment...
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...expenses if Bills could find him another acting gig. The next night in a room at the Bay Hotel, Bills and Phillips were smoking marijuana; Bills’s lit marijuana cigarette caused a fire and burned down the hotel. Phillips was sued by Valley Television Productions for breach of contract and by the Bay Hotel for Bills’s negligence of starting the fire. Bills was also sued by the Valley Productions for breach of contract and filed for unemployment compensation after Phillips terminated their business relationship. RULES A fiduciary relationship results when one person (the principal) manifests her consent that another person (the agent) will act on her behalf and subject to her control, and the agent manifests his consent to so act. An agency by agreement relationship is based on an express or implied agreement that the agent will act for the principal. As per the Equal Dignity Rule, if a contract being executed by an agent on the principal’s behalf is written, most states require that the agent’s authority must also be evidenced by writing; otherwise, the contract executed by the agent is voidable at the principal’s option. However, a principal’s express or implied affirmation of a previously unauthorized contract made by, or other act of, a purported agent will result in ratification by the principal. Express or implied affirmation entails:...
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...Medical Malpractice and Informed Consent In order to prove that Dr. Green was negligent in her treatment of Mr. Parker the plaintiff needed to prove that Dr. Green did not perform her duty, breached her duty, caused the injures, and that she suffered damaged. In this case, Dr. Green did not exercise reasonable care under the circumstances by not following the manufactures stated dosing instructions and prescribing the incorrect dose in both oral and written instructions. Dr. Green violated her breach of duty by failing to meet the applicable standard of care. It would be hard to argue that others physicians would have prescribed the incorrect dose in their standard treatment of care. It is my opinion that plaintiff would succeed in proving that Dr. Green did not perform her duty and breached her duty. While the statement of facts presented does not state the amount that is needed to overdose on pentamite or what effects of an incorrect dosage will have on an individual taking pentamite, the plaintiff could argue that taking the prescribed dosage of 10 times the stated dose by the manufacturer for two weeks caused the heart attack that ended Mr. Parker’s life. Dr. Green could argue that the dizzy spells were a sign of a medical condition that no matter what treatment she gave, the heart attack that ended Mr. Parker’s life could have happened and she did not cause it. In order to estimate the success of this claim I would need more information about pentamite and need...
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...Most government agencies are wasteful. But NASA is a vital agency to this nation because it does push our country to develop technology. A lot of good science comes out of NASA. The sad thing is that NASA is run by politicians who cannot or do not understand the agencies mission or its value to the economy. NASA's budget, although large compared to the average income, is very small compared to the national budget. It is one of the few agencies of the US government that actually put more money into the economy that it takes out. I think it is a worthwhile endeavor to explore the things around us. One positive thing about human curiosity is the survival value it brings. According to News.com “A new private space industry could create ten thousand new jobs across the country in five years.” NASA and the aerospace industry provide thousands of jobs across the country they do more than just space exploration they also monitor our environment from space, procure satellites for other agencies and develop the next generation of aircraft technologies. I think President Obama’s reasons are not directly related to the current state of the economy. He has made clear that his priorities are the re-distribution of wealth away from those that are producing it to supply the needs of those that are not producing it. If the economy was booming, President Obama would not reinstate the programs he has canceled. But he will earn the political favor of those that he temporarily pretends to help...
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...the ages of 16-25 one day less a day; they can come in daily from their 16th birthday and stay up until their 25th birthday (Rosenthal, 2015). * This service is self-directed according to Rosenthal (2015) residents have the option to choose whether they come to the shelter unless there is a ban. This service uses a harm reduction approach; staff consider client-staff relationship a key factor when working with youth. * According to James Rosenthal community is seen as an active partnership with immediate community members (Rosenthal, 2015). Kennedy House works towards addressing programs in the community with a zero tolerance for youth who break the policies of the agency. * When speaking with Rosenthal he explained that Kennedy House has a strong relationship with other existing community agency friends such as ACE, public health, and Toronto Community Housing. * The few disadvantages of this program according to Rosenthal (2015) is housing where we see the long waiting list, transportation for youth who are homeless because they can’t afford fair to get from point A to point B. * The major challenges of this organization is affordable housing,...
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...* Budgeting is basically planning and control * Planning involves the development of future objectives and the preparation of various budgets to achieve these goals * Controlling involves the steps taken by management to ensure that the objectives set down at the planning stage are attained, and to ensure that all parts of the organization function are in a manner consistent with organizational policies A government budget is a plan for financing its activities for a fiscal year prepared and submitted by responsible executive * The budget is an estimate of the proposed expenditures for specified purposes and periods, and embodies the means of financing them during the same time frames * FORMS AND CONTENTS OF THE NATIONAL BUDGET * A budget message setting forth in brief the government’s budgetary thrust for the budget year, including their impact on development goals, monetary and fiscal objectives, and generally on the implications of the revenue, expenditure and debt proposals and: * Summary financial statements setting forth: * Estimated expenditures and proposed appropriations necessary for the support of government including those financed from operating revenues and from domestic and foreign borrowings * Estimated receipts during the ensuing fiscal year under the laws existing at the time the budget is transmitted and under revenue proposals, if any * FORMS AND CONTENTS OF THE NATIONAL BUDGET * Actual appropriations, expenditures...
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...Republic of the Philippines Congress of the Philippines Metro Manila Eighth Congress Begun and held in Metro Manila, on Monday, the twenty-third day of July, two thousand seven. Republic Act No. 6977 January 24, 1991 as amended by R.A. 8289 AN ACT TO PROMOTE, DEVELOP AND ASSIST SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES THROUGH THE CREATION OF A SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT (SMED) COUNCIL, AND THE RATIONALIZATION OF GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS AND AGENCIES CONCERNED WITH THE DEVELOPMEN Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled:: CHAPTER I Section 1. Title. — This Act shall be known as the "Magna Carta for Small Enterprises." Sec. 2. Declaration of Policy. — recognizing that small and medium scale enterprises have the potential for more employment generation and economic growth and therefore can help provide a self-sufficient industrial foundation for the country, it is hereby declared the policy of the State to promote, support, strengthen and encourage the growth and development of small and medium enterprises in all productive sectors of the economy particularly rural/agri-based enterprises. To this end, the Senate shall undertake the spur the growth and development of small and medium enterprises throughout the country and thereby attain countryside industrialization: (a) by assuring, through the establishment of adequate support structure, and the creation and promotion of an...
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...considerations: 1. Economic 2. Political 3. Sociological 4. Technological Economic considerations are when the agency knows what is going on in the community around them and what is expected from them. What are other agencies doing and how are they doing them. Political considerations are based on the Board of Directors and how they take care of issues that arise within the agency. Sociological considerations are when the agency is aware of the community and the needs of specifics. It also determines demographics such as gender, age and more. Internal considerations: 1. Organizational purpose 2. Organizational planning 3. Organizational operations 4. Human resources 5. Technological factors 6. Financial resources Organization purposes are the goals that the agency has set and what steps are taken to reach those goals. Organizational planning is when the agency keeps track of the agencies goals and what they have accomplished to reach those goals and accomplishments. Organizational operations are when the agency keeps track of each department and everyone’s requirements and makes sure that the agency is performing and functioning properly. Human resources considerations want information regarding demographics, job training, certifications and more regarding the position, to ensure proper qualifications with the agency. Technological factors ensure that they have all the resources available and up to date such as computers, software,...
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...have always required a concept paper be submitted for review prior to the submission of a full proposal. In recent years federal and state agencies have begun to encourage the use of concept papers as a way for applicants to obtain informal feedback on their ideas and projects prior to preparing a proposal. Some of these agencies now require a concept paper be submitted as part of the formal submission process. The purpose of a concept paper, from the funding agency’s point of view, is to help applicants develop more competitive proposals and to save time by eliminating proposals that are not likely to be funded. The applicant’s purpose in developing a concept paper is to capture the interest of the funding agency and demonstrate that the idea they are proposing is worthy of further consideration. Therefore, the first sentences of a concept paper are very important. You want the funding agency representatives or board members to continue reading! The first section (Introduction) should include some information about the funding agency. You need to demonstrate that you have done your homework and understand the mission of the funding agency and the types of projects that they support. Then you need to identify the agency you represent and how the missions of your agency and the funding agency mesh. Describe any partner agencies that will be involved and their interest in the project. Next describe the question, problem or need that needs to be addressed (Purpose)...
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...clients, and board members should take into account in the human service field. It is important to execute procedures and protocols that address consumers without social partiality in social systems. Contained in this paper, the reader has a impression of how a dream organization or agencies arrange quality service delivery to their consumers. The expression empowerment connects to the English word power. Empowerment permits organizations, agencies, and selected individuals the authority to act for a precise aspiration or purpose (Rapport, 1987). Principles and Empowerment Approach Social service management consists of 12 basic principles that assist human service professional in supporting their clients through the application of the empowerment approach. The essayist will attempt to provide a summary and a concise account of how these approaches affect organizational structuring. First, an effective organization works diligently at designing a structured agency that offers support, provide resources, and encourage client participation. When coordinated processes are in place for consumers, the organization is allowing the consumer the chance to be a part of the decision- making process. Many agencies still introduce and utilize the classical theories approach. However, there is an enduring apprehension that these professionals are only carrying out tasks that he or she is comfortable with instead of what better meets the needs of the client according to Perrow (1986). When granted...
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