...between Martin and Carmen. Carmen cannot sue Martin for breach of contract. Carmen can make the offer by requiring to buy the T-shirt, and the sales was completed when Martin accept Carmen's offer to buy. b)Scenario 1 No, Martin cannot sue Joyce for breach of contract. Joyce's letter is an offer. Offer is the expression of a person's intention to others to have a legally binding agreement. Basic terms of contract, normally the price and property, are needed in the offer to form an agreement. The computer model and the price were mentioned in the letter, so the basic terms are satisfied. Moreover, an offer must show the intention of the offeror to make an offer to the offeree. The letter's further content about the reply method and additional condition about the sale shows the Joyce's intention to make this offer. Martin's response is the acceptance to Joyce's offer. Acceptance can be made on two conditions. Firstly, there should be a clear conduct showing the intention to accept the offer. Martin's e-mail had showed his intention to accept Joyce's offer. Secondly, communication by the offeror should be the method which has been insisted on. Martin did not reply through fax as Joyce told in the letter. Manchester...
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...XLRI Jamshedpur J. Singh The PGP Company The PGP Company was a large concern making many types of consumer products. It had six plants spread around the country. Their purchasing procedures had never been completely coordinated. In fact, the head office of the company had encouraged each of the plant managers to operate with their staffs as separate independent units in most matters. In 2005, when it began to appear that the company would face increasing difficulty in securing essential raw materials, Mr. Seth, the CEO, recruited an experienced purchasing executive, Mr. Ghosh, as VP in charge of purchasing—a position especially created for him. Mr. Seth gave Mr. Ghosh wide latitude in organizing his job, and assigned Mr. Murthy (who had served the company in various capacities for many years, and knew most of the plant executives personally) as his assistant. Mr. Ghosh’s appointment was announced through the formal channels usual in the company, including the house magazine. One of Mr. Ghosh’s first decisions was to begin immediately to centralize the company’s purchasing procedure. As a first step he decided that he would require each of the executives who handled purchasing in the individual plants to clear with the head office all purchase contracts which they made in excess of Rs. 1 lakh. He felt that if the head office was to do any coordinating in a way that was helpful to each plant and the company...
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...revenue discovery/recovery services and audit services. The main core competency of this company is the acquisition of defaulted accounts. I believe that the other services are in place so that every single tool to help the consumer resolve the debt is there. This also means that when PRA purchases any defaulted account, it belongs to them. For example, the Las Vegas center focuses on the location services which may include hiring contractors to work with the company for vehicle repossessions. Once the vehicle or property is recovered, each department is notified in a certain manner. The loan that was acquired by the consumer is now defaulted and sent to collections. PRA, in some cases, will acquire the title of the vehicle, so that if the consumer may still have the vehicle, they can retrieve it once the account has been resolved. This separates Portfolio Recovery Associates from its competitors because other collection agencies will continue to sell the defaulted accounts to other agencies to have revenue in order to stay in business. Consumers can feel more comfortable knowing that the accounts will remain within PRA until it has been resolved. This contributes to the success of PRA because of the flexibility of the arrangements that consumers can be qualified for to help them rectify their accounts at a comfortable and affordable rate based on their budget....
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...Running head: Current Event Article Summary Current Event Article Summary Kelly Root LANGUAGE AND CULTURE - eng231-s2014-ol-u-91566.003[->0] Monday, April 7, 2014 Abstract Text messaging is an instantaneous form of device-based communication that shortens the Standard English language and abbreviates sentence structure in an attempt to save time and send a message in a hurry (Pauze 2011). To understand the reasoning behind shortening the English language, in all of it descriptive glory, the scientist must observe the text message as it happens. Watching a man texting is similar to a context whence one can reply the fastest. Quick replies from texts are often demanded and may appear odd in the dialogue between two users if a significant delay is involved! The Standard English language is an intricate language with many multitudes of meaning contained within it, but the means to texting – abbreviation – is not the sign of the end of the Standard English language. The two simply coexist, with one dependent upon the other. Texting and Standard English Language English is now the world wide language of diplomacy, commerce and academia. As such, it deserves simple, unambiguous and well structured rules of grammar and spelling. Something which it does not currently possess. Many variations can be tolerated, but a standard should be adopted. I am English by birth and therefore had the benefit of an English education, thousands of generations of children...
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...OFFER AND ACCEPTANCE OFFER When one party expresses interest to buy or sell an asset from another party. The offering price is often the highest the buyer will pay to purchase an asset, and the lowest that the seller will accept. The person that makes offer is called "offeror or promiser".The person to whom offer is made is called "offeree". Offer can also be called a "Proposal". EXAMPLE: 1) Ali offers to sell his watch to Ashraf , here Ali is making an offer to Ashraf. 2) When purchasing a house, prospective buyers will make an offer to the seller, and will often list the highest price he or she is willing to pay. However, if another prospective buyer enters the scene and a bidding war ensues, each buyer will continue to bid until his or her maximum price level is attained OFFER and its types : Express Offer: An offer may be made by express words, spoken or written. Suchan offer is known as an express offer. Implied Offer: An offer may also be implied from the conduct of the parties or thecircumstances of the case. This is known as implied offer.For example, An offer by the Transport Co. to carry passengers for a certain fare. Specific Offer: When an offer is made to a definite person, it is called specific offer. General Offer: When an offer is made to the world at large, it is called as generaloffer. A mere making of an offer does not...
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...Direct Marketing According to the official definition of the Direct Marketing Association (DMA), direct marketing is an "interactive system of marketing which uses one or more advertising media to effect a measurable response and/or transaction at any location." While there are many other possible definitions, the DMA captures the four basic concepts that set direct marketing apart from traditional marketing. The notion of interactivity, or one-to-one communication between the marketer and the prospect or customer, is one factor that distinguishes direct marketing keting from general advertising and other types of marketing. Direct marketing makes an offer and asks for a response. By developing a history of offers and responses, direct marketers acquire knowledge of their prospects and customers, resulting in more effective targeting. Measurability also sets direct marketing apart from general advertising and other forms of marketing. Direct marketers can measure the response to any offer. Measurability allows direct marketers to test a variety of lists, offers, media—virtually any aspect of a campaign—in order to allocate marketing resources to the most effective combination of elements. Direct marketing uses a variety of media, including mail, magazine ads, newspaper ads, television and radio spots, infomercials (also television but longer format), free standing inserts (FSIs), and card decks. This flexibility allows direct marketing to provide interactivity and measurability...
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...Business-to-Business Messages Today digital or electronic communication makes up a great deal of world’s communication. The reasons behind that leap from written and hardcopy to softcopy communications has to do with technological advances and the speed in which individuals and businesses can now communicate accurately. The electronic media that surrounds the average consumer consists of television commercials, e-mail advertisements, Internet stores, paying bills and banking online, blogs, social sites, business ventures, and many other forms of electronic communication are taking over the way the world communicates. This paper will discuss E-mails importance, present three business-to-business messages taken from the text-book, analyze them and provide a message from ABC and an unfavorable reply XYZ Company sent. E-mails can be sent as a letter, memo, or as a document with an attachment. The convenience of e-mails is that the business has the option to send the message to one receiver or to multiple receivers simultaneously. The best thing about companies conducting business through e-mail is that the company will have a written record of the information sent. E-mail also allows a company to transmit complex information fast and conveniently in a matter of minutes across the world. In a descriptive analysis of the e-mail, an individual has multiple options to design the message in which he wishes to send. Analyzing message on Tobacco-free work facility This message was sent...
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...1/15/2015 The Great American Bubble Machine | Rolling Stone ǺŘČĦİVĚȘ MŲȘİČ PǾĿİȚİČȘ ȚV MǾVİĚȘ ČŲĿȚŲŘĚ ŘĚVİĚẄȘ ĿİȘȚȘ ŘȘ ČǾŲŇȚŘỲ ȘŲBȘČŘİBĚ Nutribullet … Ninja Mega … Nutri Ninja BL450 £119.99 £169.99 £80.90 (plus delivery) (plus delivery) (plus delivery) The Great American Bubble Machine Fřǿm țěčħ șțǿčķș țǿ ħįģħ ģǻș přįčěș, Ģǿŀđmǻň Șǻčħș ħǻș ěňģįňěěřěđ ěvěřỳ mǻjǿř mǻřķěț mǻňįpųŀǻțįǿň șįňčě țħě Ģřěǻț Đěpřěșșįǿň -- ǻňđ țħěỳ'řě ǻbǿųț țǿ đǿ įț ǻģǻįň BỲ MǺȚȚ ȚǺİBBİ | Ǻpřįŀ 5, 2010 Șħǻřě Țẅěěț Șħǻřě Čǿmměňț Ěmǻįŀ ADVERTISEMENT Victor Juhasz The first thing you need to know about Goldman Sachs is that it's everywhere. The world's most powerful investment bank is a great http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/thegreatamericanbubblemachine20100405 AROUND THE WEB 1/61 1/15/2015 The Great American Bubble Machine | Rolling Stone vampire squid wrapped around the face of humanity, relentlessly jamming its blood funnel into anything that smells like money. In fact, the history of the recent financial crisis, which doubles as a history of the rapid decline and fall of the suddenly swindled dry American empire, reads like a Who's Who of Goldman Sachs graduates. '80ș Șțǻřș Ỳǿų Ẅǿň'ț Řěčǿģňįżě Țǿđǻỳ 5 Mįňǿř 'Șțǻř Ẅǻřș' Ǻčțǿřș Ỳǿų Đįđň'ț Řěǻŀįżě Ẅěřě İň Ěvěřỳțħįňģ Mųșįčįǻňș Ẅħǿ Ǻřěň’ț Ẅħǿ Ỳǿų Țħįňķ Țħěỳ Ǻřě Fǻmǿųș Șǿňģș Țħǻț ...
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...In the advertising and marketing world companies are trying to relay a message that will get across to the consumer. They want to get a message that will make them want to buy their product or service. When sending that message you want it to be something that it is talked about, something that has your product in the topic of conversation. The more your brand is spoken the more your product is embedded in the consumers’ minds, but what kinds of message are you’re trying to send. When putting out a campaign a company must always have an ethical message and a strong sense of Corporate Social Responsibility. So how badly does a company want to get recognized and how far are they willing to go to do so? It is known that some ads can be quite risqué especially when it is considered unethical by a large number of the consumer population. For example the sexist Ad campaign by Reebok advocating for infidelity with the slogan “Cheat on your girlfriend, not on your workout”. Even though this campaign ad was only posted in Reebok partner gyms in Germany, the word got out globally very fast. This Ad here is extremely offensive, to woman especially and caused many girlfriends to be angry. Having a slogan such as that is considered unethical and shows they have a poor CSR board to allow such a campaign to get released. Failure to be mindful of CSR can dramatically impact a company’s reputation and even its value. What is Reebok saying with this Ad? Well, they were stating as...
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...subscribers using the reader service card when compared years ago to today? What is the information the company is seeking to increase leads for sales from the reader? The measurement question includes will Penton Media continue to experience a decline in it’s profits due to the other methods of the information technology being used to obtain the customer inquiry? Management decision would be made based on the findings from the surveys Penton Media need to discontinue using the reader service cards and use up-to-date technology methods to reach the consumers, which would reach the buyer due to buyer working on real-time, they want a variety of information when they want it. In this case the ethical issue revolves around the means of obtaining the information. The cover letter did not ask the subscriber if they would be willing to participate in the survey, their names where actually randomly selected form the Penton database. The cover letter also stated the information obtained would be used by the company to better understand and is a respond to scribers requests for...
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...Distribution When assessing the different distribution channels it is very important to know that distribution channels are the ways in which companies sell their products and services. Knowing the target market and their demographic needs will help establishing a marketing strategy that is successful. Another important factor is to determine channel members and how many will be needed to successfully get products or services to their consumers. There are two different distribution levels in marketing; the direct distribution level and the indirect distribution level. According to Kerin, Hartley & Rudelius, (2013) the direct channel of marketing is when the producer and the ultimate consumers deal directly with each other. With a direct channel there is no intermediaries, the producer handles all channel functioning. A good example of a direct channel is an insurance company. The second distribution level is the indirect level. Unlike direct distribution the indirect distribution level has one or more intermediaries between the producers and the consumers who perform different functions (Kerin, Hatley & Rudelius, 2013). A good example of an indirect level of distribution is a company who uses industrial distributers or agents to reach users. In addition to channel levels in marketing there are also several channel organizations which include; conventional, vertical, horizontal, and multichannel marketing systems. In...
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...you are aware, recent events have led upper management to reiterate the importance of the email and texting policy here at Gateway. The nature of our work requires processing sensitive consumer information. It is imperative that you are mindful of what information is to be included in emailing and texting in order to protect consumer information. Below is the new Corporate Policy regarding emailing and texting. Read carefully and reply to this email. This will serve as your confirmation of receipt of this correspondence and your understanding and acceptance of the new policy. If you should have any questions or concerns, feel free to contact mikewarren@gatewayfunding.com. Acceptable email use policy Use of email by employees of Gateway Funding is permitted and encouraged where such use supports the goals and objectives of the business. However, Gateway Funding has a policy for the use of email whereby the employee must ensure that they: * comply with current legislation * use email in an acceptable way * do not create unnecessary business risk to the company by their misuse of the internet Unacceptable behaviour The following behaviour by an employee is considered unacceptable: * use of company communications systems to set up personal businesses or send chain letters * forwarding of company confidential messages to external locations * distributing, disseminating or storing images, text or materials that might be considered indecent, pornographic...
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...Letters on Educational Matters There are occasions when teachers and children’s parents have to correspond with one another. More often than not such correspondence relates to the absence of the child from school. However, there can be other matters too, concerning some other educational problems. Some of these are: 1. Getting a certificate. 2. Complaint on lack of facilities in school or other inconveniences. 3. Inquiries about child’s progress in his/her studies and the teacher’s reply. Letter to School for Certificate Start your letter by giving reasons for asking for the certificate: 1. This is to inform you that I have been transferred to Hyderabad and will be leaving Delhi on the tenth of this month to take charge of my new post. 2. You will be pleased to learn that my son Rajiv who has passed his higher secondary from your school this year, plans to apply to an American university/ Education Ministry for a scholarship for higher studies. 3. It will be of interest to you to learn that my son, Chandra Kiran, who has completed/ finished his education this year at your school, plans to apply for a job with the Government of India/ Escorts Ltd. 4. You will be happy to know that my daughter, Rani Rao, who is a student of Class X in your school wishes to participate in the Science Talent Competition next month. Request for Certificate itself: 5. Hence, I would request you to issue a school leaving certificate to my son, Amit Kumar, a student of VII D of...
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...M1: I am going to talk why organisations use verbal and written information, and also what the benefits are of those two. I’ll also talk about the reason organisations uses internal and external sources of information, and what the benefits of those two are as well. To: directors of Primark From: abdinho ibrahimo Subject: monitoring the performance of Primark Many businesses such as Primark and many more uses written communication to communicate with their consumers. Written communication allows Primark and other types of businesses to communicate developments, expectations and legalities to employees and contacts in the outside world. While some still use the hard traditional written copies of the written communication, email and internet are ways to communicate, this has become important and very common these days. Though, written communication is important, it’s best to understand the basics to apply the best practices to your own business. Basically all forms of numerical representation such as diagrams, graphics, charts, and emails can be included under the written information. Verbal communication is vital in business, and the purpose of it is so you can communicate effectively with people in various different situations. In many cases you may be dealing with people in or from other countries, people with different cultures, ages, and with different level of experience. The way you communicate might portray an image of you and your business. This might be the...
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...(For Course participants only) Reading Material & Work Book On Effective Noting & Drafting (Edited by Smt. Jayanthi Sriram, Asst.Director) GOVERNMENT OF INDIA INSTITUTE SECRETARIAT TRAINING & MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF PERSONNEL & TRAINING ADMINISTRATIVE BLOCK, JNU CAMPUS (OLD) OLOF PALMS MARG, NEW DELHI-110067 TEL. 26105592 TELEFAX: 26104183 Revised - 2005 FORWARD In responsive administration it is obvious that the response has to be meaningful. Yet, it may not be effective unless the response time is optimised. This twin objective can be achieved through streamlining of the decision making process itself. In the Central Secretariat, as in other spheres of Government, contribution by all rungs of employees particularly by those at the cutting edge level, namely the Section Officers and Assistants, generally helps arriving at the right decision. Besides collection of information, such contributions are rendered through Noting & Drafting. Effective noting & drafting at every level, therefore, is a matter of prime concern. 2. To address this concern, we in ISTM have been according utmost importance to the inclusion of 'noting and drafting' as a subject in all our foundational and refresher Courses. Besides, focussed workshops on effective noting & drafting are also organised in large numbers. To help participants team effectively, the need for practical exercises cannot be overemphasised. Similarly,...
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