Free Essay

Research Proposal

In:

Submitted By krunaalmehta
Words 1564
Pages 7
Research proposal of Project report on
“Wealth management”
Company: Ing Vysya bank ltd.

* Objectives of Research

1. To study banking products and services

2. To study Wealth Management of ING Vysya Bank Ltd.

3. To propose different products for different kinds of customers as per their demographic characteristics.

4. To prepare a risk profile of customers.

5. To participate in promotional activities organise by bank.

6. To analyze whether Indian economic development is creating a broad and competitive wealth management market in India. 7. To discuss the factors that have acted as facilitators and obstructions for the growth of wealth management market in India. 8. From the above three objectives, to derive the potentiality and the future prospect of the wealth management industry in India.

* Research Design

During the tenure of the internship we are going to use Descriptive type of research design. Descriptive Research, also known as statistical research, describes data and characteristics about the population or phenomenon being studied. Descriptive research answers the questions who, what, where, and how…. Descriptive Research deals with everything that can be counted and studied. The description is used for frequencies, averages and other statistical calculations. Often the best approach, prior to write descriptive research, is to conduct a survey investigation.

1. What: I am going to meet existing customer and also investors to get their view about the service of ING Vysya bank and to prepare the risk profile of them.

2. Who: The person to whom I am going to meet and to administer the questionnaire are the existing customers and also investors.

3. When: The administering of the questionnaire are carried out according to the discretion of the researcher on daily bases.

4. Where: The geographical area that is to be researched include the Jamnagar and Dhrol City and different areas of them.

* Data Sources for the Research (Research Methodology)

1. Primary Sources
Primary Sources of data include questionnaire which is administered to existing customers of ING Vysya Bank.

2. Secondary Sources

I use the following sources for the secondary data collection which includes:-

* Websites www.Ingvyasyabank.com * Intranet of ING Vysya bank

* Sample Size

Under Research study I have taken a sample size of 100 people who are the customers of the bank or investors in share market.

* Beneficiary of the Research

* Bank

* Customers

* Students

* Researcher

Literature Review
STATE OF WORLD WEALTH

HNWI (high net worth individuals) SECTOR GAINS IN 2007 * 10.1 million individuals worldwide held at least US$1 million in financial assets, an increase of 6.0% over 2006. * Global HNWI wealth totaled US $ 40.7 trillion, a 9.4% gain from 2006, with average HNWI wealth surpassing US $ 4 million for the first time * The Ultra-HNWI “wealth band” experienced the strongest growth, gaining 8.8% in population size and 14.5% in accumulated wealth * Emerging markets, especially those in the Middle East and Latin America, scored the greatest regional HNWI population gains * HNWI financial wealth is projected to reach US $ 59.1 trillion by 2012, advancing at an annual growth rate of 7.7%
For the global economy, 2007 was a transitional year that began and ended with sharply opposing macroeconomic environments: Momentum that was carried over from 2006 sustained unabated growth in the early months. By the latter end, heightened uncertainty and instability marked the deep change that was underway.

Overall, market performances were solid in 2007. However, closer analysis of the key drivers and inhibitors of wealth reveals how the many fundamental changes that took place over the course of the year led to deteriorating economic conditions in key markets, including the United States and several mature European nations. Evenly split, the two halves of the year tell very different stories: steady global growth in the first six months, followed by sharply diverging paths between mature and emerging economies in the second half.

In early 2007, strong economic gains spurred impressive performances in equity markets and various investment products, reflecting high levels of investor confidence. Robust growth in emerging markets, driven by high commodity prices and rising domestic demands, supported solid growth in mature economies. Stock markets worldwide performed well into the summer, led by Latin America and Emerging Asia, which saw roughly 25% and 17% growth, respectively, through July.1 A variety of investment products performed well during the first half of the year; for instance, total announced private equity deals worldwide were on pace to shatter their 2006 record.
The second half of 2007, however, revealed a distinct and growing divergence between mature and emerging economies—with the advantage going to emerging nations. Whether hobbled by the downturn taking hold in the United States or challenged by the slowed growth of a major trading partner, with few exceptions, the performances of mature economies weakened significantly in the closing months of the year. In the European Union, for example, growth was dampened by a confluence of key market forces: slowing domestic consumer spending, a result of high levels of personal debt amid tightening credit conditions; a drop-off in exports brought on by easing demand in the United States, which received nearly 24% of E.U. goods and services shipped abroad; and an appreciating euro.Growth slowed among other global powers as well: In Japan—the world’s second-largest economy—a decline in housing investment and low levels of consumer confidence took their toll.4 In essence, a long period of “easy money” in mature economies was routed by financial and credit market turmoil.

By contrast, emerging markets proved resilient and posted robust gains in the second half of 2007, even as uncertainty grew in mature markets. Building on their core competency, export-driven growth, many emerging economies converted sharp increases in energy and commodity prices into sources of high profitability and significant growth. Both GDP and market capitalization gains, particularly in
Brazil, Russia, India and China—the BRIC nations—were strong, capping another impressive year for HNWI growth and investment opportunity. Given these nations’ more stable consumption habits, rising domestic demand and healthy business environments, the slowing United States economy, which accounts for 21% of global
GDP, did not appear to significantly compromise their economic growth in 2007

BRIC Nations Are at the Forefront of Global Growth
In 2007, the BRIC nations continued their roles as pivotal economies, building on relationships with their mature trading partners and capitalizing on the growth of their emerging counterparts. As mature economies slowed, the BRIC nations turned in particularly strong performances. They posted in aggregate the greatest gains in HNWI populations, 19.4%, and accumulated wealth, 25.1%, driven both by impressive economic gains and robust market capitalization growth. As a result of these record-setting performances, the BRIC nations are rapidly winning fiscal credibility and increasingly playing a central role on the world stage.
Today, the greatest single impediment to the BRIC nations’ continued growth is the high level of inflation now sweeping the globe and most pronounced in emerging markets. In Russia, year-over-year money-supply growth in excess of 50% has kept inflation rates propped at around 12%. Similar levels of excess liquidity are evident in China and across the Middle East. With BRIC nations’ inflation rates averaging roughly 7.5% at year-end,it is increasingly clear that this is the challenge most likely to shape 2008 outlooks.

In 2007, India led the world in HNWI population growth, rocketing ahead 22.7% and exceeding gains of 20.5% in 2006. Boosted by market capitalization growth of 118% and real GDP growth of 7.9%, HNWI sector gains reached all-time highs. Although the country’s real GDP growth decelerated from 9.4% in 2006, current growth levels are considered more stable and sustainable. Market capitalization growth more than doubled from roughly 50%, accounting for greater HNWI gains. India’s two largest exchanges, the Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock
Exchange of India, benefited from rapidly expanding initial public offering (IPO) markets and heightened international interest; by the end of 2007, they ranked among the world’s top-12 exchanges in total market capitalization terms. Once recognized as a manufacturing superpower, characteristic of a more nascent market, much of India’s recentgrowth has been driven by the technology, financial services, property, construction and infrastructure sectors. Growth in these arenas is indicative of the developing state of the Indian economy relative to other high-growth players.
China ranked second in HNWI population growth, advancing 20.3% in 2007, more than two-and-a-half times greater than its 2006 pace. Market capitalization and real GDP growth rates exploded last year, at 291% and 11.4%, respectively. Fueled by impressive price increases and strong IPO activity, the Shanghai Exchange grew to be the sixth largest exchange in the world in terms of total market capitalization. Yet, despite rapid growth in its financial services sector, China’s economy still is built on its manufacturing capacity. This helps explain why its HNWI population growth is slower than that of India—and why the gap continues to widen between China’s richest citizens, a group with a particularly high concentration of wealth, and the middle-class, which continues to grow in size but remains largely unable to cross the HNWI threshold. Nonetheless, 2007 HNWI growth in China greatly exceeded its 2006 performance of 7.8% growth, reflecting strong economic fundamentals and great potential for future gains.

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Research Proposal

...Research for proposal was released on august 4th 2012 mandatory walk through is on August 15th 2012 at 10:00 am sharp. The deadline for receipt of bids is on September 7th 2012. Notification to all vendors can be as soon as possible after recommendation from the board on September 21 st 2012. The final report should be submitted on 4th November 2012 evaluation shall be done as soon as the report is submitted. Contact details for further information Mr. Ashly Fernandes H. no. 473/A Navelim Salcete Goa 403720 9822150418 ashlyfernandes@hotmail.com Mrs. Ria D’souza H no. 372/A Benaulim Salcete-goa 987156275 Riadsouza@yahoo.com INTRODUCTION PU University is a university for MBA student offering different courses for the students. The university was first started in 1990 by MR.PU Anderson. The company is seeking competitive proposal for to find out relative demand for the t- shirt designs. PU University drives the motto of protruding holistic, development and social education for the past 20 yrs as PU University has been shaping the lives of young men and women. It provides the students with an environment conducive for their all proud development: With its dedicated and well equipped facility hardworking administrativeand support staff, well stocked and ever expanding library and well equipped computer laboratories and sports facilities. The university wants to introduce t-shirts. We want to know who would prefer which t- shirt so we want you to research on...

Words: 532 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Research Proposal

...McCaffrey DATE: February 18, 2014 SUBJECT: Begin Business Plan for Potential Future Investment Background In the beginning of the semester you requested that I research a topic related to a personal decision such as a future goal. I am currently employed at a yoga studio and have a general understanding of the hard work that goes into running a small business. At the same time, I also directly see the benefits of owning a successful business. As a business management major, and someone who enjoys practicing yoga, I believe opening my own yoga studio is a potential career choice for me. Purpose of the Study Since I will not be finically stable upon finishing college, I would like to propose that I research more into the pros and cons of this topic to help me decide if this is would be a career choice I would like to pursue later in my life. In order to conduct this research accurately, I will plan to open a yoga studio in New York, New York. By deciding on a location, I can find information that is focused on a specific geographic location and become more familiar with the expenses, competition, and look more closely at the demographics. Scope of Analysis In order to run a successful business and have strong retention, I believe I should begin by exploring three important characteristics: 1. Research information about any potential competition such as, how long have they been opened, what prices they charge, where they are located, and the variety of classes...

Words: 675 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Research Proposal

...Research Proposal Example Find a Research Proposal Example to Solve your Academic Problem Are you spending hectic days and sleepless nights biting your nails off in the uncertainty how to write a research proposal? Is your alloted time slipping away and you still do not know it? Relax! Your problem has just found its solution! It is better to learn wisdom by the follies of others; and the simplest way to write the best research proposal is to get acquainted with a sample. MasterPaper.com supplies free-of-charge research proposal examples to simplify your life. How does a Research Proposal Look Like? A research proposal is a very useful writing task to accomplish before starting your research. It’s like launching into a perilous journey without attaining a detailed map on the dangerous and unknown itinerary. It is better to get a piece of advice on how to pass those perils successfully equipped. A research proposal example can serve such a heaven-sent piece of advice for a traveler in the depths of science. A research proposal is a document written by a researcher that describes in details the program for a proposed research. It is like an outline of the entire research process that gives a reader a summary of the information discussed in the project. Research proposals are written in future tense and have different points of emphasis. A proposal should present strict research plan in order to distribute research time according to tasks importance and their time consuming capacity...

Words: 477 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Research Proposal

...Checklist for Research Proposal and Outline Use the checklist below to be sure that all elements of the research proposal and outline exist. If you are evaluating someone else’s paper, put his/ her name here: ______________________________/ Your name: __________________________ Name of Element: | Yes: | No: | Comments or Suggestions for Improvement: | First Item of the Research Proposal: | Does the writer have a topic? | | | | Is the topic a current problem? | | | | Second Item of the Research Proposal: | Does the writer have a research question that repeats the topic and identifies the objective? | | | | Is the topic about the problem and/or solution? | | | | Third Item of the Research Proposal: | Is there are thesis statement that identifies the problem and solution? | | | | Is the thesis statement clear? | | | | Fourth Item of the Research Proposal: | Does the writer include a research plan regarding where he/she plans to conduct research? | | | | Is there a timetable for research related assignments, including dates for completion? | | | | Research Outline: | I. Does the writer include an introduction or plan of introduction? | | | | I. Is there a working thesis statement? | | | | II. Is there a topic sentence with the first reason for the problem? | | | | III. Is there a topic sentence with the second reason for the problem? | | | | IV. Is there a topic sentence with the first solution? | | |...

Words: 290 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Research Proposal

...------------------------------------------------- HMPYC80 – ASSIGNMENT 2 UNIQUE NUMBER 838764 May 30, 2016 STUDENT NUMBER 5010 9669 RESEARCH PROPOSAL May 30, 2016 STUDENT NUMBER 5010 9669 RESEARCH PROPOSAL Mr P Myburg Director of Human Resources Department of Education 30/05/2016 RE: Research proposal: The correlation between the family relationships and the academic performance of adolescents This research proposal follows our telephonic communication of 21/05/2016, where you requested a written research proposal. View the attachments to see the proposal as requested. I aim to conduct a quantitative research project on the effects of family relations on the academic performance of adolescents. As you know the academic standards in South Africa are at a decline and I feel that identifying a clear cause brings us one step closer to finding a solution to our problem. It is not just a problem that the Department of Education is facing, but also a problem the future South Africa will face. Children are our future and as such need to have the best chance of achieving success. I feel that this research study will be the steppingstone for a better level of education for our children. The reason I am submitting this proposal to you is to 1) get ethical approval for the research study and 2) to secure financial support to conduct this study. I sincerely hope that the attached proposal will meet your expectations and that you will be able to give financial support. Yours sincerely 5010 9669 ...

Words: 1507 - Pages: 7

Free Essay

Research Proposal

...developing and developed countries. In Kenya, the incidences of juvenile delinquency have increased in the resent years and thus it has prompted the research studies on juveniles and crime. Juvenile delinquency is a type of offences committed by young people. The major offences committed by juveniles include vandalism, auto-theft, vagrancy, truancy and incorrigibility. The prevalence of juvenile delinquency has fostered by high living standard in the country, media and technology, availability and misuse of drugs, poor parental skills and broken-homes. However, most cases of juvenile delinquency are never reported, thus making it impossible to arrive at an accurate assessment of the number of children who engage in delinquency. In the 1960s in the United States of America, Gottrieb and Ramsey (1964) observed that only about third of adolescents apprehended by the police for offences considered delinquent were ever taken to police station or juvenile court. Usually, published figures underestimate the real incidences(Snooks, 1980). Therefore, this research proposal tries to study both the overlooked cases and addressed cases of juvenile delinquency in order to understand the risk factors and come up with more accurate figures that will help the CJS and rehabilitative centers come up with effective preventive measures.. This research proposal seeks to explore the different root causes of delinquency in Kericho County; and the extent to which the issue of delinquency have affected...

Words: 1298 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Research Proposal

...COMPONENTS OF THE RESEARCH PROPOSAL (Source: Brynard & Hanekom (1997): Introduction to research in Public Administration and related academic disciplines; J L van Schaik Academic Publishers, Pretoria, pages 24- 26) Research encompasses various components which need to be explained or described in a research proposal. The term "research proposal" indicates that a specific course of action will be followed. The following components can be regarded as steps in the writing of the research proposal. They are important and should be followed for the actual composition of the proposal: 1. Title page of the research proposal A research proposal should be submitted with a title page on which full particulars pertaining to the following appear: the name of the researcher; student number; course; and the following wording: Research proposal in preparation of a research project with the following proposed detail:"..... " (For example: "The education in Public Administration of chief directors employed in provincial government departments") 2. Introduction Emphasise the importance of the proposed research and describe the research topic or theme. This is usually done in one or two paragraphs. In all cases it should be stated whether a relationship exists between the proposed research and research undertaken before. If no such research has been undertaken previously, this should be pointed out. 3. Motivation Present, as clearly as possible, the source of interest...

Words: 1010 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Guidelines for Preparation of a Research Proposal

...Republic of Sudan Federal Ministry of Health Health Research Council The National Technical Advisory Committee |GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF A RESEARCH PROPOSAL | 2007 I. PROPOSAL FRAMEWORK The proposal should include the following sections: title, introduction (background, statement of problem and rationale), objectives, methodology (study design, population, sample size, sampling technique, and instruments of data collection, ethical considerations, and methods of data analysis), budget, organization (work plan and time frame), references and annexes. II. INSTRUCTIONS TO APPLICANTS Research is systematic, scientific and methodological approach to search for basic facts related to a specific problem aiming to find solutions based on these facts. II.1. Selection of a topic The first step for one intending to do a research work is the selection of the research topic. It is of most importance that the topic should be a priority problem that goes with the national priority research agenda, which may affect a greater number of people or a serious problem being identified by managers or decision-makers. The originality of the work is required unless there is a gap in the previous works. The repetition of works results only in wastage of resources. It is preferred that the selected topic to be relevant to the researcher’s interest and in line with his/her personal and departmental...

Words: 1564 - Pages: 7

Premium Essay

Research Proposal

...WRITING A RESEARCH PROPOSAL Reasons for writing a research proposal Your research proposal: * gives you an opportunity to think through your project carefully, and clarify and define what you want to research * provides you with an outline and to guide you through the research process * lets your supervisor and department or faculty know what you would like to research and how you plan to go about it * helps the department choose an appropriate supervisor * gives you an opportunity to receive feedback from your supervisor and others in the academic community as well as possible funders * serves as a contract between you and your supervisor and university * can be submitted to an ethics committee to gain ethical approval * can be submitted to a scholarship committee or other funding agency Developing your proposal The process includes: * choosing a topic * narrowing and focussing your topic * formulating research objectives or questions and ideas for analysis * outlining the key literature in the topic area * deciding on research methodology, research design and methods * proposing an approach to data analysis * proposing a format e.g. how many chapters and suggested chapter headings * developing a timeline * developing a budget and resources you will need * developing a bibliography Writing a research proposal can be a demanding, frustrating, challenging and time-consuming process -...

Words: 760 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Formal Research and Business Proposals

...Proposals and Research Nashira Wiggins American Intercontinental University Abstract What are the differences between formal research and a business proposal? What are the similarities? This paper will compare and contrast the theoretical and practical differences between formal research and a business proposal. The second part of this paper will explore the effects of human resources outsourcing on leadership performance and employee commitment. This paper will show that human resources outsourcing has a negative effect on employees and their morale. Part 1 Formal research provides basic information and statistics in a given field or industry depending on the focus of the research. Formal research may be used to research the demand for a specific product or service by researching similar products or services that are already on the market. Included in this research would be the general sales rate, the companies that market these products or services, and the current sale price. Research will reveal whether the market for the product is flooded or if it is indeed a good business opportunity. A business proposal is a document that proposes a method for completing a task. A business proposal can be used for launching a new product or for something like implementing a new strategy for a marketing campaign. “A proposal includes a brief description for the task at hand, a section describing the general approach to the task, a schedule for the task in question and a budget...

Words: 1136 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Research Proposal

...Table of Contents Introduction: 1 Research Aim: 2 Research Objectives: 3 Research Questions: 3 Literature Review: 4 The Methodology: 6 Design of Research 6 Research Philosophy: 7 Research Approach: 7 Data Collection: 7 Sampling 8 Data analysis 8 Ethical concerns: 8 Limitation of the Study: 9 Timetable through Gantt chart: 9 Accessibility issues: 10 Strength of anticipated findings and how they relate to aims and objectives of study: 10 Part-B Title: Employee motivation and its impact on employee performance, a case of Tesco, UK Introduction: Employee motivation is demarcated as the inclination or exertion applied by the worker in demand to accomplish objectives of the association and this occurrence of motivation is widespread and outcomes because of some disappointed requirements of the worker. (Armstrong, 2009) The elementary motivation procedure has four phases; a single has assured fondness and fascinations and hatreds that he/she desires to accomplish. When these requirements and yearnings are not pleased, a determination or motivation is shaped in that individual to attain that aim. Motivating the employees is thoroughly connected to the customer’s contentment and retention. If the worker is not motivated in workplace and is not pleased to the job that he/she is executing then he will not be capable to aid the consumer with packed commitment and decency. Consumer’s satisfaction is heavily reliant on consumer...

Words: 2737 - Pages: 11

Premium Essay

Research Proposal

...Table of content: 1. Title……………………………………………………….3 2. Introduction …………………………………..……..…….3 2.1. Aims of Research…………………………….…3 2.2. Research Objective…………………………..….4 3. Research Question……………………………………..…4 4. Hypothesis of the study………………………………..…5 5. Literature Review……………………………………..….5 6. Research Strategy and Methodology………………….….7 6.1. Primary data research method………………………….…7 6.2. Secondary data research method………………………….7 6.3. Research Approach……………………………………..…8 6.4. Literature survey…………...…………………………...…8 6.5. Data collection and sampling…………………………...…8 For primary data research………………….……8 For secondary data research………………….……9 6.6. Data Analysis………………………………………………9 7. Logistical and ethical consideration……………………9 8. Proposed Outcomes……………………………………...10 9. Planned timetable for completing dissertation……….....10 10. References ……………………………………………….11 11. Appendix…………………………………………………12 1. Title: Advertisement and its impacts on consumer buying behaviour; In case of Dominos Pizza Company. 2. Introductions: Advertisement plays a vital role in the business of any organisation. This is simply the medium of communication and delivering paid message from an organisation to customers regarding their products. Also, it is the strategy of a company for the promotion of product by gaining the attention of consumers towards itself and sometimes recalling the product in customer’s mind. Today, most of the products come with the advertisement and...

Words: 2576 - Pages: 11

Premium Essay

Research Proposal

...Ethics and Research in Professional Contexts Part 2 2012-13 Welcome to Part 2 We hope you find this second part of the module as informative and stimulating as ethics in Part 1. Part 2 builds on your critical reasoning and your ability to apply concepts to different contexts developed in Part 1. It will help you to acquire knowledge of the research process and some practical research skills. You will develop valuable transferable skills to help you not only in your final year but also for your career and employment. Module aims  Provide a foundation for understanding approaches to social research and evidence based practice  Facilitate the development of research skills and knowledge for professional and academic development in a range of practice-based professional contexts Learning outcomes On successful completion of this part of the module you will be able to: 4. How you will learn? Well that is largely up to you! We will help! We encourage you to set your own goals so that you can get the most out of your learning. We will provide a mix of teaching, tailored learning activities, assessment advice and signposting to key sources as well as direct feedback in class. Additionally, key research staff will be invited to share their research experiences with you so that you can develop a deeper understanding of all aspects of research especially research design. The weekly workshops will help you to shape your own research project, setting...

Words: 2608 - Pages: 11

Premium Essay

Research Proposal

...Research Proposal B. Anderson EDU 626 October 22, 2012 Instructor Lafferty Abstract ​The following is a research proposal addressing the importance of encouraging children to read for pleasure. The proposal explains the importance of such research within the introduction and then poses the research questions that will act as a guide for the researcher. It goes on to discuss literature found by the researcher that is relevant to this topic. The research will be a case study done using qualitative research. The methods and procedures will include participants from Rodman Elementary School along with a few instruments that will be needed for the collection of data. The analysis will seek to answer to research questions and the conclusion of this proposal will be a re=statement of the importance of the research. Introduction ​In a world consumed by technology it can be difficult to pull children’s attention away from devices such as television, computers, and video games and convince them to sit down with a good book. Yet, reading is the cornerstone of a successful education. Children who read often will develop a stronger vocabulary, have a greater depth of general knowledge, be more aware of cultural diversity, and even develop stronger social skills. The research proposed in this paper will explore the importance of reading for pleasure. It is probably fair to assume that the majority of people in our society will remember the alphabet song as...

Words: 2444 - Pages: 10

Premium Essay

Research Proposal

...Applied Research Project One-Page Proposal What information should my One-page proposal contain? Describe the data files you will use. I will be using the data collected in the 2007 National Household Education Survey, and I will be using the Parent and Family Involvement in Education Survey. o How many observations are there in the data? There are 10, 681 observations in this data set. o What is the primary entity? (students, teachers, schools etc.) The primary entity are students, more specifically the children enrolled in Kindergarten through the 12th grade with the data set describing various things about the child’s family and their involvement in the child’s education. o Describe the structure of the data: Observational vs. Experimental? Cross-Section, Panel, or Repeated Cross-Section? The structure of the data is observational because there was no treatment assignment and participants in the survey simply respond to the questions asked. The data is cross sectional because data was observed for a single year, 2007. List your research question(s). What is the relationship between the amount of media watched by the child and the number of books the child has? Does the relationship between the amount of media watched by the child and the number of books the child has differ between home schooled children and those that are not? What is(are) your question predictor(s) and how will you measure it(them)? My question predictors...

Words: 664 - Pages: 3