...Name: Hasham Tariq Reg no: 12882 Subject: Research Proposal 1 (Rp1) Class: Tuesday 6 to 9 Assignment: Abstract/References of 10 research papers (Motivation/Discrimination) Submitted to: Dr Akif Hussain / Dr Imtiaz Subhani 1. When Searching Hurts: The Role of Information Search in Reactions to Gender Discrimination Abstract Two laboratory studies conducted with Dutch students explored women’s motivation to search for evidence of gender discrimination and its effects on psychological well-being. Study 1 (N = 161) considered situational self-relevance of one’s personal outcomes (personal failure or success) on women’s motivation to collect information about gender discrimination. Study 2 (N = 106) manipulated information search and studied its effects on well-being when information contains evidence of gender discrimination or personal failure. Results revealed that women are motivated to search for evidence of discrimination when outcomes are highly self-relevant (Study 1) or the need to search is high (Study 2). Furthermore women suffer from evidence of prejudice, but only when they are personally affected by this prejudice and evidence suggests it is pervasive. References -When Searching Hurts: The Role of Information Search in Reactions to Gender Discrimination Katherine Stroebe, Manuela Barreto and Naomi Ellemers SEX ROLES, Volume 62, Numbers 1-2 (2010), 60-76, DOI: 10.1007/s11199-009-9700-y Published online: 24 September 2009 # Springer Science...
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...Sample Research Proposal on Motivation Executive Summary With such a rapid moving economy, a shortage of qualified workers, and plentiful business opportunities, the topic of motivating employees has become extremely important to the employer, as motivation has a great impact on the way employees perform in an organisation. If employees do not enjoy their work, it will affect the success of the organization’s goals. As an internal drive to satisfy unsatisfied needs, motivation can direct individuals’ behavior to satisfy those needs. Hence, the employer must understand what employees need and how to achieve those needs. To be effective, the employer needs to understand what motivates employees within the context of the roles they perform. Different people are motivated by different factors because individuals differ in the level of their needs. Some employees may want more income but others may require a more interesting and challenging job. In today’s world, it seems that money has become less of a motivator. The employee’s request is more than just good wages. They now do require some benefit and flexibility to bring their work and personal life together. A good working relationship with colleagues, as well as the opportunity for growth is a must. It becomes the employer’s responsibility to involve employees in the business and let them know that the employer appreciates their ideas and suggestions. Knowing what it takes to do what is right for employees can help a...
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...Initiative projects B.R.Senthil Kumar1, J.Prasanth2 1Assistant Professor: Dept. of Mechanical Engineering 2Final Year Student: Dept. of Aeronautical Engineering Anna University affiliated Nehru Institute of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore, India senthilramanseetha@yahoo.com Dr.M.Thiagarajan Dean: Mechanical Sciences Anna University affiliated SNS College of Technology Coimbatore, India Abstract—Self-motivation is when we personally set goals for ourselves and encourage ourselves to accomplish them. Self-motivation is generally stated as "The psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal; the reason for the action; that which gives purpose...
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...Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2005. 56:485–516 doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.142105 Copyright c 2005 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved First published online as a Review in Advance on June 21, 2004 WORK MOTIVATION THEORY AND RESEARCH AT THE DAWN OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY Gary P. Latham Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E6; email: latham@rotman.utoronto.ca Craig C. Pinder Faculty of Business, University of Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2; email: cpinder@uvic.ca Key Words needs, values, goals, affect, behavior ■ Abstract In the first Annual Review of Psychology chapter since 1977 devoted exclusively to work motivation, we examine progress made in theory and research on needs, traits, values, cognition, and affect as well as three bodies of literature dealing with the context of motivation: national culture, job design, and models of person-environment fit. We focus primarily on work reported between 1993 and 2003, concluding that goal-setting, social cognitive, and organizational justice theories are the three most important approaches to work motivation to appear in the last 30 years. We reach 10 generally positive conclusions regarding predicting, understanding, and influencing work motivation in the new millennium. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MOTIVATIONAL FRAMEWORK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
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...Table of Contents Introduction: 1 Research Aim: 2 Research Objectives: 3 Research Questions: 3 Literature Review: 4 The Methodology: 6 Design of Research 6 Research Philosophy: 7 Research Approach: 7 Data Collection: 7 Sampling 8 Data analysis 8 Ethical concerns: 8 Limitation of the Study: 9 Timetable through Gantt chart: 9 Accessibility issues: 10 Strength of anticipated findings and how they relate to aims and objectives of study: 10 Part-B Title: Employee motivation and its impact on employee performance, a case of Tesco, UK Introduction: Employee motivation is demarcated as the inclination or exertion applied by the worker in demand to accomplish objectives of the association and this occurrence of motivation is widespread and outcomes because of some disappointed requirements of the worker. (Armstrong, 2009) The elementary motivation procedure has four phases; a single has assured fondness and fascinations and hatreds that he/she desires to accomplish. When these requirements and yearnings are not pleased, a determination or motivation is shaped in that individual to attain that aim. Motivating the employees is thoroughly connected to the customer’s contentment and retention. If the worker is not motivated in workplace and is not pleased to the job that he/she is executing then he will not be capable to aid the consumer with packed commitment and decency. Consumer’s satisfaction is heavily reliant on consumer...
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...BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 3 AIM 4 OBJECTIVES 4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 4 LITERATURE REVIEW 5 METHODOLOGY AND DATACOLLECTION 5 POPULATION AND SAMPLING 6 DATA ANALYSIS METHODS 6 PARTICIPANTS IN THE STUDY 7 STUDY PERIOD (GANTT CHART) 8 STUDY RESOURCES 9 REFERENCES 9 BIBLIOGRAPHY 9 APPENDICES: 10 * The Impact of Motivation through Incentives for a better Performance - Adaaran Select Meedhupparu Ahmed Anwar Athifa Ibrahim (Academic Supervisor) Applied Research Project to the Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism Studies The Maldives National University * * Introduction As it is clear, staff motivation is important in all the sectors especially in the tourism sector where we require highly skilled employees to get the best of their output to reach the organizational goals. Therefore, organizations spend a lot on their staff motivation in terms of different incentive approaches, such as financial benefits, training and development, appreciations, rewards and promotions. As mentioned in the title, the outline of the findings will be focused on the motivation of the staffs on improving their performances by the different incentive packages that they get at the resort. This study will be executed at Adaaran Meedhupparu by giving questionnaire to the staff working in different departments to fill up and return to the scholar to examine the current situation of staff satisfaction on motivation to do their best to increase the efficiency and...
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...2 Describe the context of your research 3 Provide a brief summary of the literature relevant to your project 5 Explain and justify the research method used in your research 7 What are the key findings of your research? 8 How could the results of your research be used? 10 Bibliography 12 Investigating Woolworths Management Strategies to Improve Employee Motivation Provide a brief overview of your project? This project report will investigate a research problem in Woolworths which is staff moral, motivation and job satisfaction. The report will analyse the situation and determine the most effective way to solve the problem for the company. Employees are the main element in any organisation and it is crucial for a business’s success to understand what drives employees to work effectively and learn the best ways to manage them. This proposal will investigate the most effective way to motive employees to work at the best of their ability in the work environment of Woolworths. Currently the organisational culture creates low motivation and job satisfaction within the workplace with many employees having low morale. The proposal will analyse different methods of motivation, management techniques and ways to boost morale in the work place to ensure increased job satisfaction which will lead to increased productivity. To determine the current culture and feelings within the working environment, primary research will be undertaken using a self-administered...
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...Developing a Log-based Motivation Measuring Tool Arnon Hershkovitz and Rafi Nachmias1 {arnonher, nachmias}@post.tau.ac.il 1 Knowledge Technology Lab, School of Education, Tel Aviv University, Israel Abstract. The purpose of this study is to develop a conceptual framework and a tool for measuring motivation of online learners. The study was carried out in three phases, the first of which was the construction of a framework, based on an extensive literature review. Phase two consisted of identifying variables computable from log file data, associate with the framework and compatible with previous empirical research. For this purpose, an empirical study was designed and a specific learning environment focusing on vocabulary for adults was chosen. Log files of a large population (N=2,162) were collected and variables were identified using Learnograms, a visual representation of learning variables over time. This phase resulted in seven explicitly defined variables, along with a mechanism to calculate them from the raw log files. The third phase included preprocessing of the dataset (reducing it to 674 cases) and application of hierarchical clustering of the variables. This phase resulted in three clusters interpreted to fit the three dimensions of motivation defined in the framework. A discussion of this study and further research is provided. 1 Introduction Assessment of learners' motivation in online environments has been a challenge for both researchers...
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...Jerry W, G., & Heather S, M. (2009). Organizational change: Motivation, communication, and leadership effectiveness. 21(4), 75-94. This article is discussed about a leader’s ability to influence and motivate an individual employee in the workplace. The article is based on the theory of (Vroom, 1964), (Maslow, 1954), (Skinner, 1971) and widely used goal theory (Karoly, 1993) which explain that motivation is come from a given work environment and how their leader motivate them. It is require skilled manager who can communicate effectively, attend to employee queries, be creative and innovative, plan and delegate task and always follow up with problems solving. This article would be a helpful resource for my research paper because it demonstrates the real and recent research from (Hebda, Vojak, Griffin, & Price, 2007- Motivating technical visionaries in large American Companies) which indicated that the most important motivator was time provided by the management to solve the complex issues. It shows that the leaders need to plan and make fast decision making and create a work environment that bring forth employee motivation. It is reliable as the authors use a lot of reference sources to support the conclusions. This journal article is written by three very experience authors. Ann Gilley is an associate professor of management at Ferris State University where she teaches strategy and management. Her areas of research include change, the organizational immune system, and managerial...
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...UAE Organization – Etisalat, Employee Motivation and Job Satisfaction Contents Abstract 3 1.Introductory Background 3 1.1Scope of the Research 4 1.2Research objectives 4 1.3About Etisalat 5 2.Literature Review 5 2.1Understanding the Concept of Motivation 5 2.2Job Performance and Satisfaction 6 2.3Theory of Motivation – Maslow’s Hierarchy of Need 7 3. Research Methodology 8 3.1 Research Philosophy 8 3.2 Research Approach 8 3.3 Method of Data Collection and Analysis 9 3.4.Ethical consideration 9 4. Research Result 9 5. Detail Analysis of Survey 10 6. Research Discussion 16 7. Research Conclusion 17 8.Bibliography 18 Abstract In the current competitive scenario people are trying hard to match their capabilities and aspiration to achieve their personal as well as professional objectives. On the same hand even organizations are seeing tough time to maintain their market performance that determines the success and failure of the organization. The performance of employee in organization is directly correlated to their level of motivation driven through their job structure with respect to the roles and responsibilities assigned to them depending on their caliber resulting to job satisfaction. In order to create commitment as well as motivation level among employees, employer has an important role to play. It is his directions and guidance under which the employee operates in the organization. Appointing the right resource to a job requirement and assigning it a complete...
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...M. G. (1983). Measuring leisure motivation. Journal of Leisure Research, 75(3), 219-228. Beerli, A., & Martin, J. D. (2004). Tourists' characteristics and the perceived image of tourist destinations: A quantitative analysis-A case study of Lanzarote, Spain Tourism Management, 25(5), 623-636. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2003.06.004 Cain, S. (2005). Disney effect. Orange County Business Journal, 25(13), 1, 61-62. Hsu, Che Wei (2011). Motivation of people who visit disneyland, Master’s Thesis of behavioral sciences, recreation and tourism, California State University, Long beach Crandall, R. (1980). Motivations for leisure. Journal of Leisure Research, 12(1), 45-54. Crompton, J. L. (1979). Motivations for pleasure vacation. Annals of Tourism Research,6(4), 408-424. doi: 10.1016/0160-7383(79)90004-5 Crompton, J. L., & Mac Kay, S. L. (1997). Motives of visitors attending festival events. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(2), 425-439. doi:10.1016/S0160- 7383(97) 80010-2. Dann, G. M. S. (1977). Anomie, ego-enhancement and tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 4(4), 184-194. doi: 10.1016/0160-7383(77)90037-8 Dann, G M. S. (1981). Tourism motivation: an appraisal. Annals of Tourism Research, 8(2), 187-219. doi:10.1016/0160-7383(81)90082-7. Fodness, D. (1994). Measuring tourist motivation. Annals of Tourism Research, 21(3), 555-581. doi:10...
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...ijcrb.webs.com INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF REWARDS ON EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION IN THE TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR OF PAKISTAN Farheen B. Zaidi 1, Zahra Abbas 2 JULY 2011 VOL 3, NO 3 Abstract A good reward system is necessary to motivate the employees of an organization. This study was conducted in order to investigate the impact of rewards on the motivational level of employees of telecommunication sector of Pakistan. The impact of three independent variables rewards, monetary rewards and non-monetary rewards on the dependent variable motivation was studied. Four dimensions of motivation, focus, determination, effort and satisfaction were considered for the development of theoretical framework. A total of 292 questionnaires were returned fully complete. The research study showed that there exists a strong positive relationship in rewards and motivation among the employees. It was concluded that monetary rewards have greater impact on motivation of employees than the non-monetary rewards. Significant differences in rewards offered to employees and motivation level were found in the analysis of comparison of means with respect to gender, age group, marital status, working duration in the organization and salary. Keywords— Focus, Determination, Monetary Rewards, Non-Monetary Rewards, Motivation, Rewards . INTRODUCTION "Motivation is the art of getting people to do what you want them to do because they want to do it...
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...Done By: Nigel Niam (a1694748) (Leadership and Volunteer Motivation: A Study Using Self-Determination Theory) 1. The research carried out by Oostlander aimed to analyse the effects of autonomy-supportive leadership on volunteer motivation. Self-Determination Theory (SDT) was used because it differentiates autonomous motivation and controlled motivation (Deci & Ryan, 2008a). Volunteers work best under autonomous motivation as it doesn’t restrict or control them; providing intrinsic motivation. They do not function as well under controlled motivation because they feel forced to volunteer as opposed to volunteering out of compassion and interest (Deci & Ryan 2000). Research done by the author; found that high levels of intrinsic motivation will counteract the effects of restrictive situations. People who volunteer based on interest have higher motivation in restrictive environments than those motivated by extrinsic factors (Oostlander et al, 2014). This compliments previous research done by (Hagger and Chatzisarantis, 2011) and (Gagne & Deci, 2005). Furthermore, SDT suggests Autonomy-Supported Leadership does not bode well with the extrinsic nature of controlled motivation (Gagne and Deci 2005). Oostlander’s study found that Autonomy-Supported Leadership enhances stress and guilt from control-oriented volunteers. These volunteers look towards extrinsic rewards to motivate them when in a non-restrictive environment. However, it is not evident in autonomy oriented...
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...article A Motivated Employee: A Qualitative Study on Various Motivational Practises used in Organizational. • Overview of the article • 2.1 What the journal (article) is about: • The article is about how important drive is for success, but “being driven” is something different. Every individual has different needs. It is difficult to understand what motivates people without assesing what they need and want from their work. The motivation can effect the job satisfaction and relate to the performance. Next, to see the principles and theories of motivation, the drivers of motivation, ways to foster motivation and how managers motivated their team. • 2.2 What is the focus (Independent & dependent variables) • The dimensions of human development for business excellence is recently being followed in many organizations to improve business and employee performance. So, the researches have observed how job satisfaction can make their teams should be rewarded for their work. Whereas, motivation is the most useful to managers to understand his team members as well. • 2.3 What are the findings/samples/methodology • Managers has take the challenge to motivating his team or employees. Unmotivated employees may put a little effort in their jobs. They also exit the organization at the slightest competition and even demotivate other employees at work if given the opportunity and produce low quality work. • The researches used a sample...
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...and Management Research Vol.1 No.9 [01-13] | December-2011 AN EVALUATION OF STAFF MOTIVATION, DISSATISFACTION AND JOB PERFORMANCE IN AN ACADEMIC SETTING Mohammed Abubakar Mawoli Department of Business Administration Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai. Niger State sabe1120@yahoo.com & Abdullahi Yusuf Babandako Department of Business Administration Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai. Niger State ABSTRACT This study seeks to ascertain academic staff level of motivation, dissatisfaction and performance at work. The study employed a survey research method to collect research data from academic staff of Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria. A total of 141 or 64% of the academic staff of the University were sampled out of a population of 219 academic staff. Descriptive statistical tools were used to measure the research variables. The study reveals that academic staffs are very highly motivated at work and also highly contented with the working environment. The study further revealed that staff performance as it relates to teaching is very high while their performance in the areas of research and other publications is moderate. It is therefore recommended that universities and other tertiary institutions should take the issue if academic staff motivation seriously to facilitate effective teaching and delivery of knowledge. Keywords: Motivation, Teaching Performance, Research Performance, Academic Staff, Uni INTRODUCTION Motivation is the inner...
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