...Sociobiology is a field of scientific study which is based on the assumption that social behaviour has resulted from evolution and attempts to explain and examine social behaviour within that context. By claiming a more biological route it explains that the behaviour of both humans and animals are due to biological and evolutionary factors. Sociobiology is mostly interested in the evolution of physical structures and is more genetic control orientated therefore differentiating it from evolutionary psychology. The focus on adaptation and reproductive success rather than progress toward perfection is made most clear through the work of sociobiologists like Edward O. Wilson. Adopting a focused approach to the understanding of behaviour on the genetic level, Wilson saw social behaviour as being controlled, in principle, by particular genes. Evolution and human behaviour from a sociobiologists view point occurs as a result of genetic determinism, reflexes, habituation, Fixed Action Pattern’s (FAP’S) and complex social behaviour. Sociobiologists would argue that just as selection pressure led to animals evolving advantageous ways of interacting with the natural environment, selection pressure also led to the genetic evolution of beneficial social behaviour.. Take for intense a sociobiologists view on genetic determinism. Genetic determinism is the belief that genes and environmental conditions, determine specific structural features and behavioural phenotypes or observable characteristics...
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...The Law of Readiness is “a series of resopnses can be chained together to satisfy some goal which will result in annoyance if blocked” (Cullatta, 2015). An example of this law in Thorndike’s experiments would be if a cat recgonizes that pressing a certain lever will open the door so that it can get out, the cat will be highly upset if it goes to do this manuever and it doesn’t produce the same results. An everyday example of this is when a person has a favorite show that comes on a certain night at a certain time. The person does their routine to get ready to watch the show and when they try to use the remote, it doesn’t work. This would be an annoyance because they are doing the same routine that they always do on that day and the remote is keeping them from being able to watch their...
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...Water Hydrolysis: Addition of H2O to break it apart. Dehydration: Removal of H2O to form a bond. Carbohydrates Monosaccharide: 2 common types Glucose (Hexopyranose RLRR), fructose Disaccharide: 3 common types glucose + fructose alpha glucocsidic bond = sucrose (table sugar) glucose + galactose beta galactosidic bond = lactose glucose + glucose = maltose Polysaccharide: 4 common types Starch: alpha 1,4 & 1,6 bonds btwn glucoses. amylose and amylopectin Glycogen: different branching than starch. Found in animals Cellulose: beta glucose polymer. Plant cell walls Chitin: similar to cellulose with extra nitrogen containing group. Fungus cell wall and exoskeleton Lipids Triglyceride 3 fatty acids attached to glycerol. Phospholipid One fatty acid in triglyceride replaced with a R containing phosphate group Steroids 4 carbon rings. 3 cyclohexane and 1 cyclopentane Proteins Primary structure AA sequence Secondary 3D shape resulting from hydrogen bonding btwn amino and carboxyl group. Alpha helix and beta pleated sheets Tertiary Hydrogen bonding btwn R groups Ionic bonding btwn R groups Hydrophobic and hydrophilic effects Disulfide bonds btwn Cysteine Quaternary Multiple tertiary structures come together. H-bond, disulfide bond, hydrophilic/phobic interactions Nucleic acids Polymer of what? nucleotides Parts of DNA Nitrogen base, 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group Structure 1' attached to base, 5' attached to phosphate group, 3' attached to another nucleotide, antiparallel Base types & number...
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