...Running head: INTERNATIONAL BARRIERS TO EC 1 Analysis of International Barriers to EC and Their effects on success of EC Vishal Kankaria Sullivan University 4Q-CSC560X-A2-07 October 4, 2015 INTERNATIONAL BARRIERS TO EC 2 Analysis of International Barriers to EC and Their effects on success of EC Advent of internet is the founding pillar of E-commerce industry and this industry has immensely benefitted from the increased use to internet. Internet has changed the way companies do business and the way people buy, sell and organize business activities (Gary 2011). Growth of EC exploded after the introduction of World Wide Web in 1990s (Turban 2012). Internet allowed people to exchange and transmit information both in text and pictures. According to Gary (2011), between 1997 and 2000, more than 12,000 Internet-related businesses were started with more than $100 billion of investors. This shows the sheer growth in size and volume of EC is a very short span of time. Role of E-Commerce in Modern Business EC has made a huge impact on the way modern business is done. Porous geographic boundaries- EC has blurred the lines of international boundaries. Companies headquartered in USA, manufacture in China, Sell in Europe, process the transactions in India and thrive globally Internet allows business to be conducted 24/7. There are no overtime costs or other costs to be paid. Network Effects have been felt by both businesses and consumers (Gary 2011). Law of diminishing...
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...Internet or intranets. Refers to a broader definition of EC, not just the buying and selling of goods and services, but also servicing customers, collaborating with business partners, conducting e-learning and conducting electronic transactions within an organization. 2 E-Business EC can take several forms, depending on the degree of digitization of the Product (service) sold The process e.g. ordering, payment, fulfilment etc. The delivery method. 3 A product may be physical or digital, the process may be physical or digital and the delivery method may be physical or digital. In traditional commerce, all dimensions are physical. In pure EC, all dimensions are digital. All other dimensions are partial EC. 4 EC Organizations Purely physical organizations are referred to as brick and mortar (old economy organizations), whereas companies that are engaged in only EC are considered virtual or pure-play organizations. Clicks and mortar organizations are those that conduct some EC activities, usually as an additional marketing channel. 5 Classification of EC by the Nature of the Transactions and the Relationships Among Partners B2B B2C All participants in B2B EC are either businesses or other organizations. B2C EC includes retail transactions of products or services from businesses to individual shoppers. Also called e-tailing. In B2B2C EC, a business provides some product or service to a client...
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...Chapter Eleven: Order Fulfillment Along the Supply Chain and Other EC Support Services 11-1 Online File W11.1 What Services Do Customers Need? Insights on online customer services: ◗ Customer preferences. Customers tend not to do much self-service in terms of getting information from companies (e.g., only 19% use FAQs), so they require attention. As more companies offer online self-service, though, this situation is changing. When contacting companies for information, customers use e-mail more than the telephone (71% versus 51%). ◗ Types of service. Four types of service exist, based on where the customer is in the purchase experience: during shopping (search products, compare, find product attributes); during buying (questions on warranties, billing, receipt, payment); after placing the order (checking status in processing and in shipping); and after receiving the item (checking return procedures, how to use the item). ◗ Problem resolution. Customers expect quick resolutions to problems, and expect problems to be resolved to their satisfaction. Therefore, easy returns and order tracking are desirable. ◗ Shipping options. Several shipping options are usually needed to make customers happy. ◗ Fraud protection. Customers need to make sure that sellers or others are not going to cheat them (Chapters 9 and 14). ◗ Order status and updates. Customers want to have some way to check on the status of their order, which involves tracking either by phone or online. These services...
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...Project Management Triangle that called Triple Constraint is a model of the constraints of project management show on the corners of the triangle to show opposition. The problems that may have arisen in relation to the triple contraint :- 1. Delay in the completion date – due to unavailability of resources (either people or materials) : The project delay due to faced huge issues as steel prices rocketed and concrete supply became unpredictable. This will delay the time for completions. To restore the triple constraint is to find alternative resources by finding other suppliers and/or ensure the supply lines continued – with main contractor Civilco crucially producing the goods at a time as this will reduce the scope and it may also reduce budget. 2. Budget over-runs – due to either the requirement for additional resources to complete the project on time, or as result of additional work being required or additional costs of resources (either people or materials) : This happen when the project at 70 per cent complete, the worldwide financial crisis struck, posing the biggest challenge in the three-phase initiative. In order to make it on time, as a project manager, need to add on resources, increase the mainpower and increase budget to pay for overtime so that it can complete within the time frame. As a project manager established and gain best practice, clear processes, and communicated one-to-one coordination with all team members and stakeholders. Importantly the project team...
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...chapter is to explain the concept ‘virtual organization’ (VO) in a more detailed manner (in order to realise what security challenges a VO has to cope with). Below we will present definitions of VO, give some examples of VOs, and describe main characteristics of VOs. We will also list the benefits and the security challenges associated with VOs. VO is a relatively new concept that has emerged in the beginning of1990s. There is no single clear-cut definition of what a VO is. Different sources define it somewhat differently. For example, in [1] VO is defined as a “dynamic collection of individuals and institutions which are required to share resources to achieve certain goals”. [[i]] defines VO as “a temporary or permanent coalition of geographically dispersed individuals, groups, organizational units or entire organizations that pool resources, capabilities and information to achieve common objectives”. Jet in [[ii]] a concept IT infrastructure, namely network, is introduced: “VO refers to both the members of a switchable interorganizational electronic network and to the network itself that delivers non-standard products”. Reasons behind a VO The first two definitions speak about “certain goals” or “common objectives” while the third opens up what these goals/objectives can be, i.e. non-standard products. Indeed, the incentive behind the creation of VOs is a collaborative delivery or creation of a customer-specified product or service. The reasons why organizations cannot...
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...Year | 2014 | Exam Sitting | AUGUST | Subject | E-COMMERCE | Weightage | 25% | Submission Date | 31/7/2014 | Regulations A. Late Submission * A 10% deduction per day of total coursework marks (excluding weekends and public holidays). * Late submission between 5 to 10 days, results in a 50% deduction of total coursework marks. * Late submission past 10 days results in an automatic 0% for coursework and the student will be barred from the final examination. B. Deliverables Students must submit all materials supporting their coursework listed in the deliverable section. * Plagiarism is presenting somebody else’s work as your own. It includes: copying information directly from the Web or books without referencing the material; submitting joint coursework as an individual effort; copying another student’s coursework; stealing coursework from another student and submitting it as your own. Suspected plagiarism will be investigated and if found to have occurred will be dealt with according to the procedures set down by the university/college. The coursework must be done individually and must be entirely your own work. Please make sure that you are aware of the rules concerning plagiarism. If you are unclear about them, please consult your program coordinator/lecturer. * The coursework should exhibit formal research skills i.e. with a table of content, proper citations, references, and appendixes. * The coursework write up must be able to demonstrate...
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...Lecture 1, 2, 3, 4 Business: Formal organization that makes profit. MIS: How to use information system and technology to help your firm achieve business objectives. Why is information system important for business? 1. Operational excellence 2. New products, services, and business models. 3. Improved decision making 4. Attain consumer and supplier intimacy. 5. Promote competitive advantages. 6. Ensure survival of organization. Data: Raw facts that represent objects and events occurring in an organization. Data > -Input devices- > Process > Information What is the difference between Data & Information? Information is processed data, it is data that has been shaped into a meaningful form. Information technology: consists of all hardware and software that a firm needs to use in order to achieve its goals and objectives. Information system: A set of components that collect data, store it and then distribute it as information to support decision making and control in an organization which is an application. What are the 4 activities in an information system? 1. Input data. 2. Process data. 3. Output information. 4. Feedback. List and describe the 3 dimensions of an information system. Organization: Structure, history, and culture of the organization affect how information system is used and built. People: Information system needs skilled people to build them, maintain them, and understand how to use them in achieving business goals. Technology: 1. Computer hardware. 2....
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...THE EC-PHILIPPINES STRATEGY PAPER 2007-2013 i TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .......................................................................................... iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................................... 7 1. COUNTRY ANALYSIS ............................................................................................ 9 1.1. Analysis of the political situation...................................................................... 9 1.2. Analysis of the economic situation.................................................................. 11 1.3. Trade structure ................................................................................................ 13 1.4. Analysis of social developments...................................................................... 14 1.5. Analysis of the environmental situation......................................................... 16 2. THE PHILIPPINES’ POLICY AGENDA ............................................................ 17 2.1. The Medium Term Philippine Development Plan ........................................ 17 2.2. Assessing the reform process .......................................................................... 17 2.3. Cross-cutting issues: human rights, gender, governance ............................. 19 3. OVERVIEW OF PAST AND ONGOING EC COOPERATION, COORDINATION AND COHERENCE ........................................
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...organization share Value Chain: The key functional inputs that an organization provides in the transformation of raw materials into a delivered product or service ASTRA CREDIT COMPANIES Vision: Become the 1st Choice Financing Company with Total Solution Mission: To Promote Credit for a better living VALUE CHAIN Key functional inputs: Research and Development Develops and creates new product designs Manufacturing Sources the components and builds the product Marketing (and Advertising) Sales Customer Service Four Primary Line Functions Human Resources Management Finance Information Systems Management A REPRESENTATIVE COMPANY VALUE CHAIN Supply Chain Management Operations Distributions Sales and Marketing Service Profit Margin Primary Activities and Costs Product R & D, Technology, and System Development Human Resources Management General Administration Support Activities and Costs EHTICAL CHALLENGES BY ORGANIZATIONAL FUNCTION ETHICS IN RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT Develop a product design that hopefully will allow the company to capture and maintain leading position. gather data from customer through market research strategic input from senior management closely monitoring their competition High commitment to customer R&D could be succeed or failed Making a complex set of risk assesment and technical judgement - budget constraint ETHICS IN MANUFACTURING Input Process Output Cost...
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...International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 54– No.17, September 2012 6 5G: Future Mobile Technology-Vision 2020 Saurabh Patel EC Department NSIT,Jetalpur Gujarat,India Malhar Chauhan EC Department NSIT,Jetalpur Gujarat,India Kinjal Kapadiya EC Department NSIT,Jetalpur Gujarat,India ABSTRACT Currently, Mobile operators are busy with deployment of 4G technology namely, LTE-advanced or WIMAX 802.16m. This 4G technology will be concluded within two years. 5G technology is not standardizing yet, probably 5G standard will define in two to three years, and its deployment will start around 2020. In future, people will expect same quality of internet connectivity as the device is capable. This technology will include all types of advanced features, which make 5G technology more powerful. The main features we want to add in 5G mobile network is that user can simultaneously connect to the multiple wireless technologies and can switch between them. Forthcoming mobile technology has to support IPv6 and flat IP. This paper explains different technology which we want to include making future mobile technology more powerful and more in demand. Keywords 5G, Future Mobile Technology, IP, Mobile Networks 1. INTRODUCTION It's at the moment just over last few years since the smart phone changed the world of the mobile Internet and mobile connectivity is changing the way we live and work. Now a day Smart-phone selling is more compared to mobile phone selling...
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...THE VOLVO/SCANIA MERGER CASE |Maastricht University | | | | |School of Business & Economics | | | | |Place & date: |Maastricht 10. Dec. 2013 | | | | |Name, initials: |Michael Göpper, MG | |For assessor only | | |ID number: |I6069490 | |1. Content | | |Study: |Economics & Business Economics | |2. Language structure | | |Course code: |EBC1010 | |3. Language accuracy | | |Group number: |20 | |4. Language: Format & | | | | | |citing/referencing | | |Writing tutor name: |Heidi van Rooijen | |Overall: | | |Writing assignment: |Main Paper (Task 10) | |Advisory grade ...
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...The importance of health education for children in early childhood and school settings Introduction Nutrition education in Australian schools is becoming a more prevalent issue than in the past due to the increasing obesity rate. Childhood obesity has accelerated rapidly into one of the most significant health problems as well as being a prominent concern for early childhood professions. Obesity is the largest nutritional problem among Australian children where childhood obesity has been estimated to be rising to the extent of 1% per year. If we take these statistics and skip forward to 2025 it translates to 50% of Australia’s young people will be overweight. Historically the family has been a child’s main source of education in regards to health through a combination of direct and indirect instruction, the child then models this behaviour. Teachers must now also be the facilitators of children’s health education to build on what children are learning from their family, the more knowledge they gain in regards to what keeps them healthy and why, the better prepared they will be for a healthy adult life. A correlation between Australian children’s health and wellbeing, and their educational prospects has been identified. (Mathews 2004) Educators have the opportunity through curriculum to develop strategies to support health and nutritional education in line with best practice by adhering to the Health Promoting Schools model There is hope that improved health education...
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...Definition: An information system can be any organized combination of people, hardware, software, computer networks and data resources that stores and retrieves, transforms, and disseminates information in an organization. Roles of IS in Business: There are three fundamental reasons for all business applications of information technology. They are found in the three vital roles that information system can perform for a business enterprise. Support of its business processes and operations. Support of decision making by its employees and managers. Support of its strategies for competitive advantage. Trends in IS: The business applications of information systems have expanded significantly over the years. Data Processing (1950s – 1960s): Electronic data processing systems which includes transaction processing, record keeping, and traditional accounting applications. Management Reporting (1960s – 1970s): Management information systems that include preparation of management reports of pre specified information to support decision making. Decision Support (1970s – 1980s): Decision support systems include interactive ad hoc support of managerial decision making process. Strategic and End User Support (1980s – 1990s): o End user computing systems: Direct computing support for end user productivity and work group collaboration. o Executive information systems: Critical information for top management. o Expert Systems: Knowledge based expert advice for...
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...STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION THROUGH E-BUSINESS FedEx CORP.: FedEx Overview Founded in 1973 by Fred Smith From an express delivery company to a global logistics and supply-chain management company 1998 acquisition of Caliber systems and development of a powerful technical architecture FedEx was having difficulties about the company image THE EXPRESS TRANSPORTATION AND LOGISTICS express The growth of the INDUSTRY transportation and logistics industry… • Globalization emerging new markets & using cheap materials and resources, this situation needed rapid transportation of materials and final products. the quick delivery shortened the • Ø Ø THE EXPRESS TRANSPORTATION AND Advances in IT & Changing market demand LOGISTICS INDUSTRY Promoted the globalisation of commerce (ctd.) Sharing info reduced costs and improved customer services by generating operational efficiencies. Many transportation companies expanded into ITsupported logistics management services. Interconnectivity thru Internet and Intranet enabled reengineering sales and supply-chains. Just-in-Time inventory management Ø Ø Ø THE EXPRESS TRANSPORTATION AND …resulted in following key LOGISTICS INDUSTRY competitive advantages: (ctd.) Speed Ø Ø Ø Ø Ooperational efficiencies Improved customer service Value-added services FedEx Corp. “If we’re all operating in a day-today environment, we’re thinking one to two years out. Fred’s thinking five, ten, fifteen years out..” William Conley...
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... January 18, 2012 * * What is Health? Mental/physical well-being WHO (1948): “..a state of completely well-being, physical, social, and mental and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” Most commonly used definition, but still can have criticisms… Exs: “not just a STATE/fixed nature…it can also be dynamic and change within a person” Well-being is very broad and can vary in def. among cultures and ppl “completely healthy”: In many ways, we’ve set ourself up to failure..but we’re never going to reach this broad term..hard to measure/quantify a fundamental human right regardless of age/class/gender a resource for everyday life, not just the object of living health is not the mean of itself, it’s a mean for a greater ends it takes time/energy/resources when youre sick that can otherwise be spent in education/artistic creation/ ec. And social endeavors so we want healthy ppl so we can have ppl pursue these avenues and be productive ppl that can contribute to society * A formal Definition of Public health …what we, as a society, do collectively to assure the conditions in which people can be healthy (IOM 1999) collective nature, and what we can do to improve as a whole not a lot of ppl in the public know what public health is..(thus she added stickers to ppt slide) A Lay Definition of Public Health Concerned with the health of populations Works to prevent injury, illness and death at the population level Seeks to promote healthy practices...
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