Free Essay

Review

In: Computers and Technology

Submitted By hasanhawari
Words 2735
Pages 11
COIS 1010 Final Exam Review
Short Answer Questions:

1. What is the difference between a class and an object. Use an example. Class: A template for creating an object, a general category. Ex// Animals or Buildings Object: A specific thing that encompasses the functions of the class it belongs to, but is individualized. Ex// Rocky (my dog) or My house

2. Differentiate between a sequential and simultaneous (concurrent) action block in Alice. Give an Example. Sequential: In order Ex// Do in Order function - rabbit moves, then turtle moves, then hamster moves. Simultaneous: At the same time/Together Ex// Do Together function - the rabbit, turtle and hamster move.

3. When creating programs (Worlds) in Alice, it was suggested that you use an Incremental Development Process (IDP). What does that mean and what is its primary advantage? IDP: Working on one thing at a time. Advantage: One can text functions/expressions as they are implemented to make sure that have the desired affect.

4. Describe four types of Control Structures available in Alice. i) Do in order - actions occur in sequential order. ii) Do together - actions occur simultaneously. iii) If/Else - if a certain action occurs another action will be done, if a certain action does not occur then a different action will result. iv) Loop - an action will occur continuously for a certain number of times or infinitely.

5. Describe the differences between wired and wireless networks. Wired Networks: A network in which computers and other devices are connected to the network via physical cables. Ex// Found in; Homes, Schools, Businesses, and Government facilities. Wireless Networks: A network in which computers and other devices are connected to the network without physical cables. Data is typically sent via radio waves Ex 1// Found in; Homes, Schools, and Businesses Ex 2// Wi-Fi Hotspots found in; Coffeehouses, Businesses, Airports, Hotels, and Libraries.

6. Describe two ways we can use to classify Networks. i) STAR Networks: Use a central device to connect to each directly to the network. ii) BUS Networks: Use a single central cable to connect each device in a linear fashion. iii) MESH Networks: Each computer or device is connected to multiple (sometimes all of the other) devices on the network.

7. Describe three types of wired networking media. i) Twisted-Pair Cable: Pairs of wires twisted together. Ex// Telephone and Network connections ii) Coaxial Cable: Thick center wire Ex// Used for computer networks, short-run telephone transmission, cable television delivery iii) Fiber-Optic Cable: Glass/fiber strands through which light can pass Ex// Used for high-speed communications

8. Describe the roles of TCP/IP. IP: Provides addresses and roughing information AND uses packet switching TCP: Responsible for the delivery of data AND used with the internet.

9. Professor Avi Rubin, in his online presentation, spoke about the hacking of all wireless devices. Name three devices the Dr. Rubin and Dr. Patrick spoke about. What recommendations did they make? i) P25 Radios Recommendation: User interface wasn’t good enough ii) Stealing Keystrokes - Recommendation: accelerometer - no one controls this - could be used to determine what people are typing if an iPhone or other smart phone is beside a computer while typing is happening. iii) Implanted medical devices Recommendation: can access and change information wirelessly - could be disrupted by having headphones placed on them - danger in this if there is not a good understanding of hacking and other things

10. What is meant by multi-factor authentication? Provide two examples of multi-factor authentication. Multi-factor Authentication: Is an approach to authentication which requires the presentation of two or more of the three authentication factors. i) Possessed Knowledge: Something only the user knows Ex// Password, One-time passwords, Cognitive authentication ii) Possessed: Something only the user has. Ex// Smart cards, RFID-encoded badges, USB security key iii) Biometric: Something only the user is. Ex// Fingerprint, Iris, Hand, Face, Keystroke Dynamics 11. Mikko Hypponen, in his online presentation, spoke about the spread of Internet malware. Discuss three types of malware and identify difficulties in trying to catch the perpetrators. i) Virus: Replicates by inserting copies of itself into other computer programs, data files, or the boot sector of the hard drive. ii) Worm: Replicates and distribute itself (Zero-day attack) iii) Trojan Horse: Masquerades as something else Ex// Scareware, Anti-malware, Spyware Difficulty: Could use another internet source other than their own to upload malware. Makes it difficult to track where it came from and connect this to a specific individual. 12. Discuss three advantages and two disadvantages of e-commerce from the perspective of a business. Advantages: i) Higher customer satisfaction ii) Easy expansion iii) Broader customer base and potential sales Disadvantages: i) Lost business for those who do not shop online. ii) Fraudulent credit cards

13. Sheena Igenyar, in her online presentation, spoke about the problem of choice overload. Illustrate three ways that Dr. Igenyar suggested for businesses to ease the problem of consumer choice. Choice Overload Cases Consumers to be: i) Less engaged ii) Have lower decision quality iii) Less satisfied Four suggestions to ease the problem of Consumer Choice: i) Cut - less is more, increase in sales ii) Concertize - consumers need to feel consequences; make it vivid iii) Categorization - can handle more categories than choices; more categories and fewer choices iv) Condition - consumers understand more information than we think; start with fewer choices then go to more choices 14. According to Rachel Botsman, the currency of the new economy is trust. Discuss. Stage 1: Trusting to put personal information on the internet Stage 2: Trusting to put our credit card online Stage 3: Trust between strangers

Reputation: is the measurement of how much a community trusts you. -Reputation trail… should we own our reputation data? -Reputation capital: the worth of your reputation - intentions, capabilities and values - across communities and marketplaces -Reputation is a currency that will be more powerful than our credit history in the 21st century

15. One of the challenges of any online business is how to generate revenue. Discuss four models of online revenue generation. i) Business to Consumer: Sell goods/services to individual consumers ii) Business to Business: Ex 1// Industry-specific (Vertical Hubs) - Directly Ex 2// Cross-indistry (Horizontal Hubs) - Intermediary iii)Consumer to Consumer: Individuals sell directly to other individuals; typically via an intermediary website. iv) Business to Government: Businesses sell goods/services to government agencies.

16. Shopping cart abandonment is often a problem for an online business. Discuss four ways that will improve the chances that a customer will purchase a product or service online. i) “Add to cart” is obvious on product pages ii) Check out option is located on ALL pages iii) Check out is fast and easy (pre-filled) iv) Statements of security and privacy are made clear

17. Perform the following operations assuming 6-bit 2’s complement binary numbers. a) 100111 + 011101

b) 011111 - 001101

18. What is the decimal value of the binary number 101001 if we are using: a) 6-bit signed-magnitude numbers

b) 6-bit 1’s complement numbers

c) 6-bit 2’s complement numbers

19. Perform the following: a) Add the value 6 to the coral number 7

b) Add the value 6 to the octal number 4

c) Add the value 6 to the hexadecimal number 8

d) Add the value 6 to the hexadecimal number DFD

20. Perform the following: a)Convert the binary number 1010 1011 1001 1101 to octal

b) Convert the binary number 1010 1011 1001 1101 to hex a decimal

c) Convert the hex a decimal number CF17 to binary

d) Convery the octal number 4557 to hexadecimal

21. What are 4 important aspects of HCI? i) The Human: Limited in their capacity to process information ii) The Computer: The devices dictate the styles of interaction that the system supports iii) The tasks to be performed: - Interaction Models: translations between user and system - Ergonomics: physical characteristics of interaction - Interaction Styles: the nature of user/system dialog - Context: social, organizational, motivational iv) Usability: - Scenario/Task design - Navigation design - Screen design and layout

22. What are the steps of the model/view/control conceptual structure which is the foundation of HCI when a person is using a bank machine? Model: Non-graphical data-administration Ex// Storing, Maintaining, Manipulating View: Graphical - Displays data Ex// Provides user interaction components - buttons Control: Ensures user interactions result in desired response by the program

23. The design of the GUI uses the acronym PADIT - list 4 of the 5 steps. GUI: Threads are parts of the application that run in parallel. A number of threads are generated by the runtime system and run in parallel to the program code of the actual application. PADIT: i) Problem ii) Analysis iii) Design iv) Implement v) Test - Tests checks for safety, plausibility

24. In seminar, we talked about backup solutions. Describe 2 different backup solutions, and for each, identify an advantage and a disadvantage. i) The Cloud: Online back-up service Advantage: Cost effective Disadvantage: Security and Privacy ii) USB Flash Drive: Advantage: Small size and portability Disadvantage: Most are not large enough to backup everything on one USB Flash Drive

25. Identify 4 keyboard shortcuts, and what they do. i) Command/Control P - Print ii) Command/Control Z - Undo iii) Command/Control C - Copy iv) Command/Control V - Paste

26. Besides changing letter-case, describe four things that make a strong password. i) Use of Numbers ii) Use of special characters - #, *, - ,_ , $, etc. iii) Use of lots of characters - the longer the better iv) Use of random sequences - the more random the better

27. In seminar, we talked about the importance of choice in Challenge Questions. What is a Challenge Question? Give an example of a good, and bad challenge question, and explain why. Challenge Question: A question asked during our registration and account opening process to obtain specific information that can be used to verify the identity of an individual. Good Ex// What was your childhood nickname? - This is a good question because it is very personal and not many people out there are going to know the answer to this question. Bad Ex// What is your address, phone number? - This is a bad question because if someone is trying to hack into your account they may already have access to this information. Terms and Definitions:
Function: A named formula that can be entered into a worksheet cell to perform some type of calculation or to extract information from other cells in the worksheet.

Expression: A combination of explicit values, constants, variables, operators, and functions that are interpreted according t the particular rules of precedence and of association for a particular programming language, which computes and then produces another value.

Control Structure: A pattern for controlling the flow of laic in a computer program, module, or method.

Instruction: A segment of code that contains steps that need to be executed by the computer processor.

Class: An extensible template for creating objects, providing initial values for state and implementations of behaviour.

Argument: Pieces of data used in a subroutine to refer to one of the pieces of data provided as input to the subroutine.

Nesting: May denote several different constructions and activities where information is organized in layers or objects contain other similar objects.

Router: A device that forwards data packets between computer networks.

Synchronous Transmission: Data transmission in which a relatively large set of data is organized into a frame or block, with one or more synchronization bits or bit patterns used to identify the beginning and end of a logical block of data.

Asynchronous Transmission: The transmission of data in which each character is a self-contained unit with its own start and stop bits and an uneven interval between them.

Isohcronous Transmission: Data transmission that guarantees to provide a certain minimum data rate, as required for time-dependent data such as video or audio.

Bandwidth: The amount of data that can be transferred in a given period of time; also referred to as throughput.

Analog Signals: A type of signal where the data is represented by continuous waves.

Digital Signals: A type of signal where the data is represented by 0s and 1s.

Spoofing: Refers to tricking or deceiving computer systems or other computer users. Typically done by hiding one’s identity or faking the identity of another user on the internet.

Social Engineering: It can be easier to trick people than to hack into computing system by force. Social engineers get personal information or access to computing systems by exploring people’s natural tendency to want to trust and be helpful, and by taking advantage of our tendency to act quickly when faced with a crisis.
Ex// Spam Scams, Phishing, Impersonation, or Dumpster Diving

Auction Frauds: Involve fraud via the misrepresentation of product advertised for sale through an internet auction site (Ebay) or the non-delivery of products purchased through an internet auction site.

Digital Certificate: An attachment to an electronic mail message used for security purposes.

Re-intermediation: The re-introduction of an intermediary between end users (consumers) and a producer.

Re-targeting: An attribute of software development tools that have been specifically designed to generate code for more than one computing platform.

PIPEDA (Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act): Used to establish rules that balance the right of privacy of individuals against the needs of organization, but in practice such a perfect balance may not be achieved.

Search Site Optimization (Search Engine Optimization): A methodology of strategies, techniques and tactics used to increase the amount of visitors to a website by obtaining a high-ranking placement in the search engine results page.

Digital Wallet: Encryption software that works like a physical waller during electronic commerce transactions. Can hold; payment information, digital certificate and shipping information.

Nibble: Is a four bit aggregation or half an octet. Contains 4 bits, there are 16 (24) possible values, so a nibble corresponds to a single hexadecimal digit.

Terabyte: is 1012 bytes; 1000 gigabytes and precedes the petabyte. Used to measure the storage capacity of large storage devices.

Hexadecimal: Refers to the base -16 number system, which consists of 16 unique symbols. The numbers 0 to 9 and the letters A to F. Useful because it can represent every byte (8 bits) as two consecutive hexadecimal digits.

Octal (Numeral System): The base -8 number system, and uses the digits 0 to 7. Can be made from binary numerals by grouping consecutive binary digits into groups of three (right to left).

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange): An industry standard, which assigns letters, numbers, and other characters within the 265 slots available in the 8-bit code.

Unicode: An international coding system that can be used to represent text-based data in any written language.

Bitmap: A piece of text, a drawing, etc. Represented as on a computer display, by the activation of certain dots in a rectangular matrix of dots (Pg. 54 in text).

Anthropomorphism: Human qualities are given to non-human beings, objects, concepts, or phenomena. Characterized by their accessories their original forms before anthropomorphesis.

Haptic: Technology which takes advantage of the sense of tough by applying forces, vibrations, or motion to the user.

Heuristic: A technique designed for solving a problem more quickly when classic methods are too slow, or for finding an approximate solution when classic methods fail to find an exact solution.

Sense-datum: Entities that are the direct objects of sensation.
Ex// the circular image on sees when viewing the face of a penny and/or the oblong image one sees when viewing the penny from an angle.

Interface: The point of interaction with software, or computer hardware, or with peripheral devices such as a computer monitor or a keyboard.
Ex// Touchscreen - send and receive data Mouse, Microphone or Joystick - only send at a

H in HCI (Human Computer Interaction): A discipline concerned with the study, design, construction and implementation of human centric interactive computer systems. the human is doing the work. The interface is what the human is doing to adapt to the situation.

Functional MRI (fMRI): A brain-computer interface based on functional magnetic resonance imagine (fMRI-BCI); allow volitional control of anatomically specific regions of the brain. enable control of computers and of external devices with regulation of brain activity alone.

Evocative Object: An object the elicits a response (emotion) in humans. These responses can be good or bad.
Ex// excitement, happiness, anger, frustration

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Compliance Review

...Compliance Program / Annual Procedure Review Rule 206(4)-7 of the Investment Advisers Act creates a fiduciary responsibility for investment advisers to review annually their policies and procedures to determine their adequacy and the effectiveness of their implementation. As part of this review, all policies, procedures and responsibilities of an adviser must be reviewed, and the findings documented. The review should consider all factors that might suggest a need to revise the policies and procedures including any compliance matters that occurred during the year, any changes in the adviser’s or its affiliates business activities, or changes to applicable regulations. Reviews should be conducted by independent individuals (e.g., the department manager) not immediately responsible for implementation of a particular procedure. An overall review and approval of the adviser’s policies and procedures should be completed by the Chief Compliance Officer and should be submitted to the adviser’s Management Committee or Executive Officers for Final Action. |Procedure | |Summary & |Recommended |Reviewer & | |Completion Date & | |Reviewed |Findings |Conclusions |Change/Update |Date of Review |Review by CCO |Final Actions ...

Words: 276 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Peer Review

...reader liked. But it did not give any feedback. It also did not give any information to make the paper better. Reviewer four response was not what the writer wanted to hear. The feedback gave no ideas on how to improve the paper. There were no comments about the examples or experience. The feedback just said “So true good job!” It did not tell what part was good. The fifth reviewer gave a very good feedback. The feedback was also helpful to the writer. The reviewer gave ideas and very helpful information to the writer. All the information given, will help the writer to improve his or her paper a lot. The sixth review gave a great and respectable review. The reviewer gave information where it was needed. The information like; credible sources, to use statistics sometimes, and staying on track. The feedback for seven and eight was good feedback. The feedback for review seven was being straight forward. The paper needed lots more information and credible sources to improve the...

Words: 690 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Movie Review

...How to Write a Movie Review Writing a movie review is a great way of expressing your opinion of a movie.  The purpose of most movie reviews is to help the reader in determining whether they want to watch, rent or buy the movie.  The review should give enough details about the movie that the reader can make an informed decision, without giving anyway any essentials such as the plot or any surprises.  Below are our guidelines and tips for writing a good movie review. HYPERLINK "http://www.yourmoviereviews.com/" \t "_blank" Submit your movie review 1. Watch the movie The first step in writing the review is to watch the movie.  Watch the movie in a relaxed environment you are familiar with.  You do not want to be distracted by an unfamiliar room.  Watching the movie a second time will help you absorb a lot more detail about the movie.  Most movie reviewers take notes as they watch the movie review.  2. Give your opinion Most movie reviewers will give their opinion of the movie.  This is important as the reviewer can express the elements of the movie they enjoyed or disliked.  However, as in all good journalism, the reviewer should also give impartial details, and allow the reader to make their own mind over an issue the reader liked or disliked.  Opinions should be explained to allow the reader to determine whether they would agree with your opinion. Many regular movie reviewers will develop a following.  If one can find a reviewer who shares...

Words: 625 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Peer Review

...ENGL112 Peer Review Worksheet INSTRUCTIONS: Peer Reviews will be conducted in class discussion forums during Week 7. Be sure to review the Lecture and the Discussion area for additional details and guidance. Please complete the following steps below, returning a separate peer review worksheet for each of the two classmates whose papers you review. This assignment is worth 50 points. * You will receive 10 points for submitting your draft by the required deadline. * You will receive 20 points for each peer review worksheet you submit for your peers (20 points x 2 reviews = 40 points total). Step 1: Post your Commentary draft in your assigned peer review group no later than Tuesday night at midnight MT. Hit Respond after the peer review directions and attach your essay as a .docx file. In your post, feel free to include any information you would like to share with your peers, such as areas you are struggling with or specific feedback you would like to receive. Step 2: Find the two classmates who have posted their drafts after you (in terms of time) and download their essays. Step 3: Read each essay and respond to the questions below. Please respond directly on this peer review worksheet, using a separate worksheet for each draft you review. Step 4: Save each worksheet with your last name and the last name of your peer with the word Review separating the names (e.g., JohnsonReviewTurner). Go back to the individual peer’s post that included his or her draft, hit Respond...

Words: 825 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Peer Review

...Literature Review: Peer Review Literature Review: Peer Review This is a two-step assignment related to preparing a literature review for a research proposal. In the first step, you will complete a literature review associated with the problem statement you developed for Assignment #2B: Problem Statement. The first draft of the literature review will be peer-reviewed by one of your classmates. In the second step, you will revise your literature review based on the peer review comments and submit a final draft to the instructor for grading. The learning objectives of this assignment are to: 1) enable you to think critically about a health-related issue of interest; 2) learn how to conduct and prepare a literature review based upon academic resources; and 3) practice expressing your ideas in a clear and concise manner. Topic...

Words: 565 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Book Review

...The The Collected Works of Billy the Kid: Left Handed Poems Assignment Test Object Thing(ness) 1. Read this (this thing 1 cm. below) P. J. O’Rourke, the political satirist, reviews in this issue a new book about Starbucks. He told us, in an e-mail exchange, how he brews his own reviews: “I read something I’m reviewing the same way I read other things except more so. That is, I already keep a commonplace book (a file folder, really) for quotations, ideas, information, etc. If I’m going to write a review I mark the work for myself, but besides underlining what interests me I also underline what — as far as I can tell — interested the author. By the time I’m done I have an outline for the review. All I have to do is figure out a smart-aleck lead sentence and a wiseacre ending.”[1] 2. Then read the “How to write a Book Review” article on the very next page. Yes, it is a bit long but the information is really quite good. 3. Over the week go to www.salon.com or to http://www.nytimes.com/pages/books read at least five reviews and then divide them into good and bad reviews. Think about the specific qualities that define the better ones. The article from step two of this process will be helpful at this point. At the end of the day a good book review sees an interesting pattern or spins your understanding of the book in a new and delightful way…and importantly is enjoyable to read (as a writer you need to have fun savaging the book, exploring it, dwelling on it, falling...

Words: 2230 - Pages: 9

Free Essay

Book Reviews

...1. Good Review – The good review I found was on goodreads.com for Life of Pi. The author of the review did not regurgitate the synopsis found on the back of the book nor laden the review with spoilers, but rather gave his/her opinion on the book, the narrative style, writing and structure and what was enjoyable about the book for him/her. 2. Bad Review – I found a bad review on amazon.com for The Girl on the Train. The reviewer, J.Regan, noted that the story was well written, that it keeps the reader’s attention but that the main character could be hard to like at times. There was no detail as to the writing style, nor why or how the author was able to keep reader’s attention. The reviewer also failed to explain why he/she did not like the main character at points in the book. With no further details, this review does not help someone interested in the book decide whether they may like it or not. 3. Fake Review – As I was looking for reviews on the book I’m reading for the critical review project, I Don’t Have a Thing to Wear: The Psychology of Your Closet, I found a title of a review that struck me as odd and the review itself was a bit over the top which to me comes off as fake. It was rated five stars and the review appears to be written by a girl’s boyfriend stating that “she can’t put it down” and “she just raves about it constantly” (Bouton, 2003). The one part that really puts me off about this review is that he says “and I wish I had a nickel for each time I've...

Words: 578 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Judicial Review

...Judicial Review The power of judicial review allows the judiciary to review the acts of other branches of government as well as the state. Judicial review is important because it admits the Judicial Branch to check the power of the Executive and Legislative Branches, making them to abide by the rules of the Constitution. The Judiciary Act of 1789 created the Federal Judicial System as well as the Marbury V. Madison case, which formed the basis for the exercise of judicial review in the United States. The Judiciary Act of 1789 created the three levels of the federal court system. At the bottom of the system is the federal district court. The district court is a state of federal trial court. One could appeal their case to the circuit court if they were unhappy with the district courts verdict. The circuit court, or now known as the court of appeals, was first created to work as a trial court for important cases. After 1891, the circuit courts started to focus only on reviewing the findings of the lower courts. The last level of the federal court system is the Supreme Court of the United States. The Supreme Court is the highest federal court in the United States. It consists of nine justices and it ranks over all of the other courts in the nation. In 1803, The Marbury v. Madison case declared the power of judicial review. This was the first time the Supreme Court overturned federal legislation. In return, The Marbury v. Madison case greatly strengthened the power of the judicial...

Words: 375 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Literature Review

...Chaboyer W, McMurray A, Wallis M. Bedside nursing handover: A case study, International Journal of Nursing Practice 2010: 16:27-34 | Level I:  Evidence from a systematic review or meta-analysis of all relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or evidence-based clinical practice. | This research aimed to better understand the structures, processes and perceived outcomes of bedside nursing handover as a beginning step to facilitate its implementation. | Randomized control trial, clinical trial. | 532 bedside handovers, 34 interviews with nurses. Six wards in two hospitals in Austrailia. 3 medical, 1 surgical, 1 medsurge, 1 rehabilitation ward. Semistructured observation and interviews. | SBAR was used in 45-65% of handovers in 3 situations when: patients were new or condition changed, patients were unfamiliar to staff such as when staff had been off for a few days, or casual/agency staff were part of the team. On average each bedside handover took just over a minute. | Before handover patient handover was completed and handover sheet updated. Just before handover pts were informed that handover would shortly take place and were asked if they required any assistance in order to limit disruptions during handover, visitors were excused. Information was prompted by pts presence. Safety scan and medication review was done. Kept handover short and simple and to the point. Information found might be used as the basis for standard operating protocols for more widespread implementation...

Words: 267 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Literature Review

...Nursing http://jsn.sagepub.com/ Literature Reviews as a Research Strategy Julia Muennich Cowell The Journal of School Nursing 2012 28: 326 DOI: 10.1177/1059840512458666 The online version of this article can be found at: http://jsn.sagepub.com/content/28/5/326 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: National Association of School Nurses Additional services and information for The Journal of School Nursing can be found at: Email Alerts: http://jsn.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://jsn.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav >> Version of Record - Sep 25, 2012 What is This? Downloaded from jsn.sagepub.com by guest on August 26, 2013 Editorial The Journal of School Nursing 28(5) 326-327 ª The Author(s) 2012 Reprints and permission: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/1059840512458666 http://jsn.sagepub.com Literature Reviews as a Research Strategy Literature reviews have long been important strategies to assess the state of the science. As early as 1993, Broome (1993) recommended literature reviews as a strategy to assist in the development of concepts. Many graduate students in nursing and other sciences learn about synthesizing literature throughout their academic programs using a variety of guides including Cooper’s (1998) Synthesizing Research: A Guide for Literature Reviews as a common reference or Fink’s (2009)...

Words: 1365 - Pages: 6

Free Essay

Systematic Review

...Systematic Review NUR/518 University of Phoenix Systematic Review The purpose of a systematic review is to attempt to find, evaluate and synthesize high quality research relevant to the research question. A systematic review uses carefully developed data collection and sampling procedures that are put in place in advance as a protocol. (Polit, 2012). A systematic review must contain the following: a clear inclusion and exclusion criteria, an explicit search strategy, systematic coding and analysis of included studies, and a meta-analysis if possible. (Hemingway & Brereton, 2009). Systematic reviews are conducted by nurse researchers to avoid reaching incorrect or misleading conclusions that could arise from a biased study. Systematic reviews are perceived by many as the cornerstone of evidence-based practice. (Polit, 2012). The issue of concern that this article addresses is “to systematically evaluate nurse working conditions and to review the literature dealing with their association with patient outcomes.” (Bae, 2011). “The aim of this study is to fulfill two objectives: a systematic evaluation of nurse working conditions and a review of the literature dealing with the association between nurse working conditions and patient outcomes. The innovative review of research on working conditions focused on the relationships between nurse working conditions and patient outcomes.” (Bae, 2011). The author of this systematic review, Dr. Sung-Hei Bae, is currently...

Words: 1219 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Judicial Review

...Judicial Review: proposals for reform December 2012 Consultation Paper CP25/2012 Consultation start date: 13 December 2012 Consultation close date: 24 January 2013 Judicial Review: proposals for reform Presented to Parliament by the Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice by Command of Her Majesty December 2012 Cm 8515 £16.00 © Crown copyright 2012 You may re-use this information (excluding logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence. To view this licence, visit http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/ or email: psi@nationalarchives.gsi.gov.uk Where we have identified any third party copyright material you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to Michael Odulaja, Administrative Justice, Court and Tribunal Fees and Coroner’s Policy Team, Ministry of Justice, Post Point 4.34, 102 Petty France, London, SW1H 9AJ. This publication is available for download at www.official-documents.gov.uk and on our website at www.justice.gov.uk ISBN: 9780101851527 Printed in the UK by The Stationery Office Limited on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office ID 2529331 12/12 Printed on paper containing 75% recycled fibre content minimum. Judicial Review: proposals for reform Contents Foreword 1. Introduction 2. Background 3. The case for change 4. Time limits for bringing a claim...

Words: 11446 - Pages: 46

Premium Essay

Judicial Review

...Judicial review is the power of the Supreme Court to decide whether or not a law is constitutional. The Supreme Court has the power to say that a law that Congress passed violates the Constitution and is therefore invalid. But when should the Court do this? When should it overturn a law that has been passed by Congress which, unlike the Supreme Court, has been elected by the people? This is where judicial philosophy comes in. There are generally said to be four judicial philosophies that come in two pairs. First, there are the philosophies of loose constructionism and strict constructionism. Strict constructionism holds that the Supreme Court should interpret the Constitution very strictly. If the Constitution does not say (for example) that there is a right to privacy, then there is no such right. Loose constructionism says that the Court should go more by the general meaning of the Constitution, not by its exact words. Therefore, a loose constructionist would say that the Constitution implies that we have a right to privacy and therefore we do have that right. Second, there is judicial activism and judicial restraint. Judicial activists believe that judges should strike down laws relatively often. If the Court thinks the law is unconstitutional, it should not hesitate to strike it down. Those who believe in judicial restraint think the Court should not strike laws down very often. Instead, the Court should generally let Congress do what it wants because Congress...

Words: 260 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Judicial Review

...Further provision with respect to the liability of the railway administration as a carrier of luggage 74. The railway administration shall not be responsible for the loss, destruction or deterioration of any luggage belonging to or in charge of a passenger unless the railway servant has booked and given a receipt therefor. Further provision with respect to the liability of the railway administration as a carrier of articles of special value 75. (1) When any articles mentioned in the second schedule are contained in any parcel or package delivered to the railway administration for carriage by the railway, and the value of such articles in the parcel or package exceeds three hundred Taka, the railway administration shall not be responsible for the loss, destruction or deterioration of the parcel or package unless the person sending or delivering the parcel or package to the administration caused its value and contents to be declared or declared them at the time of the delivery of the parcel or package for carriage by the railway, and, if so required by the administration, paid or engaged to pay a percentage on the value so declared by way of compensation for increased risk. (2) When any parcel or package of which the value has been declared under sub-section (1) has been lost or destroyed or has deteriorated, the compensation recoverable in respect of such loss, destruction or deterioration shall not exceed the value so declared, and the burden of proving...

Words: 318 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Life Review Paper

...Life Review Assignment Lutricia Le The University of Texas at Arlington, College of Nursing In partial fulfillment of the requirements of N3261 Nursing of Older Adults Denise Cauble RN, PhD (c), CWOCN July 3, 2013 Life Review Assignment After learning of this opportunity to interview an elderly adult, I already had a candidate in mind. S.F. is the grandfather of my boyfriend and this was the perfect opportunity to learn more about his family roots. It made for an easier interview because I was able establish more intimate connections by interviewing the grandfather of someone so close to me. S.F. is an 80 year old Caucasian male living with his wife of 59 years in Mineral Wells, Texas. Born in Brazos, Texas, he is the middle of five children. During his adolescent years, he worked on his family farm with his brothers and sisters while pursing education. He graduated from Texas Christian University with a bachelor’s degree in education. He then moved forward to the Air Force in hopes of becoming a pilot, but discovered at this time that he was color blind and could not continue on. Afterwards, he continued his education at Texas Wesleyan University and obtained his master’s degree in education. He later became a basketball coach and teacher in Weatherford ISD and eventually became school superintendent. One of the more profound benefits of performing a life review was that S.F. was given a chance to reflect back and reminisce on past memories. During his interview...

Words: 1437 - Pages: 6