...Rigorous and Socially Responsible Interactive Learning Research Thomas C. Reeves. Ph.D. The University of Georgia The Journal of Interactive Learning Research debuts when the need for rigorous and socially responsible research into the design, implementation, effectiveness, and impact of the interactive learning is paramount. In a recent cover story in The Atlantic Monthly, Oppenheimer (1997) begins "There is no evidence that most uses of computers significantly improve teaching and learning...." (p. 45), and claims that computers threaten to diminish the reading, writing, and self-expression skills of students while at the same time crushing their imaginations and stunting their socialization. Although this particular attack on interactive learning is limited to the USA, similar critiques have appeared in other countries where large investments have been made in interactive learning systems for education and training. Despite the polemical nature of such critiques, the interactive learning research community must face the reality that our efforts have failed to provide adequate guidance for developers and practitioners. Others already recognize this inadequacy. In March 1997, the U.S. President's Committee of Advisors on Science and Technology called for "a large-scale program of rigorous, systematic research on education in general and educational technology in particular....to ensure both the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of technology use within our nation's schools"...
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...Case study of “Rigorous or Not?: A Case of Auditor Judgment for Deferred Tax Issues” Judgment Framework and Professional Judgment Discuss the importance of “judgment framing.” “Judgment framing” occurs early in the judgment process. The definition of framing follows: Frames are mental structures that we use, usually subconsciously, to simplify, organize, and guide our understanding of a situation. They shape our perspectives and determine the information that we will see as relevant or irrelevant, important or unimportant. Frames are a necessary aspect of judgment, but it is important to realize that our judgment frames provide only one particular perspective. The importance is that judgment framing question management’s perspective appropriately by viewing other frames and it is a foundation to professional skepticism. How do perceptual biases relate to judgment biases? Our eyes and related perceptual skills ordinarily are quite good at perceiving and helping us to accurately judge shape similarity. However, optical illusions can predictably and systematically fool our eyes. The judgment biases are similar to the perceptual ones, like there are times when our intuitive judgment falls prey to systematic traps and biases. What are the five steps in the judgment process? a. Clarify Issues & Objectives: To get at issues, ask “what is the problem to be solved?” To get at objectives ask “what is wanted or needed?” Ask “what” and “why” questions. b. Consider...
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...COMPLETION • OPPORTUNITY • ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP EST OF AMERICA • AFFORDABLE • STUDENT CLUBS • TECHNOLOGY • GLOBALBEST OF AMERICA • AFFORDABLE • STUDENT CLUBS • TECHNOLOGY • GLOB WARENESS • RIGOROUS CUR RICULUM • PACIFIC NORTHWEST • STUDENT-AWARENESS • RIGOROUS CUR RICULUM • PACIFIC NORTHWEST • STUDEN ENTERED • SMALL CLASSES • HANDS-ON LEARNING TOP UNIVERSITYCENTERED • SMALL CLASSES • HANDS-ON LEARNING TOP UNIVERSI RANSFER • SUSTAINABILITY • ENGAGING FACULTY • LEARN • IDEAL LOCATIONTRANSFER • SUSTAINABILITY • ENGAGING FACULTY • LEARN • IDEAL LOCATIO “One EXPERIENCE • ACADEMIC EXCELLENCE • ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROGRAM •• EXPERIENCE of the reasons I picked Cascadia ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROGRAM • ACADEMIC EXCELLENCE • was because of its location. • LEARNING OUTCOMES • INTERNATION IVERSITY • INTEGRATED STUDIES • LEARNING OUTCOMES • INTERNATIONALDIVERSITY • INTEGRATED STUDIES There is lots of natural beauty with trees and • HIGH SCHOOL ROGRAM • COMMUNITY • HIGH SCHOOL COMPLETION • OPPORTUNITY •PROGRAM • COMMUNITY mountains, and that makes COMPLETION • OPPORTUNITY me feel good. The other reason is because I would learn NVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP • BEST OF AMERICA • AFFORDABLE • STUDENTENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP • BEST OF AMERICA • AFFORDABLE • STUDEN LUBS • TECHNOLOGY • GLOBAL AWARENESS • RIGOROUS...
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...Rigorous or Not?: A Case of Auditor Judgment for Deferred Tax Issues Leader’s Guide Leader’s Guide Rigorous or Not?: A Case of Auditor Judgment for Deferred Tax Issues Jan Taylor Morris, PhD, CPA Time: 3 hour unit of study Module Objectives 1. Help students understand the importance of exercising high quality professional judgment; 2. Introduce students to the KPMG Professional Judgment Framework; 3. Provide students with an opportunity to apply the framework; and 4. Provide students with the opportunity to begin developing an appropriate mindset for making good judgments. Module Learning Objectives Critical analysis of case issues and application of KPMG Professional Judgment Framework allow students to increase their: 1. Problem solving and decision making skills in an ambiguous learning environment; 2. Strategic / critical thinking as they consider the relevant issues of the case and make subjective decisions; 3. Ability to identify relevant risks associated with improper judgments; and 4. Understanding of ASC 740 and accounting for income taxes and how judgment impacts financial reporting. Module Components • Class Structure: 3 hour unit of study • PowerPoint Lecture • Case Assignment • Workpaper • Five Videos • Summary: Elevating Professional Judgment in Auditing and Accounting: The KPMG Professional Judgment Framework (available at: http://www.kpmguniversityconnection.com/ProfessionalJudgment/CurriculumSupport/Monographs/Professional-Judgment-Summary...
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...Projects launched without a rigorous initial estimate are five times more probable of experiencing delays and cancellations. Even projects with sound initial estimates are doomed to overrun cost and schedule budgets if they are not guided by rules of thumb and rigorous estimates-to-complete. Therefore, project managers must be armed with simple metrics and rigorous estimating models to be successful. Simple or complex, there are five questions project managers should ask about every estimate as they define and manage their projects. This paper stresses the value of accurate estimating, the project management discipline developing estimating rules-of-thumb and the application of those metrics to aid successful decision-making. Project Managers must be Accurate Estimators The key to successful project completion is an accurate estimate and a realistic risk assessment. Capers Jones, in a study of two hundred and fifty complex, software-intensive projects identified only twenty-five as successful in achieving their initial cost, schedule and performance objectives. Jones defines a failed project as one that is six months over schedule and fifteen percent over its cost estimate (p.5). Cost estimating was revealed as one of the six best practices utilized by the successful projects. How to be an Accurate Estimator Successful project managers make daily use of three powerful tools to become accurate estimators: simple rules-of-thumb, rigorous predictive mathematical models...
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...Many things have influenced me to go to SHC. I enjoy being with the friendly staff and the kind students that are SHC. The vast amount of classes and programs amaze me. The rigorous curriculum will challenge me. Also I enjoy how the school works and its various different spaces. It will help me improve more. I want to be challenged I think I will be at SHC. Many things have influenced me to go to SHC. I enjoy being with the friendly staff and the kind students that are SHC. The vast amount of classes and programs amaze me. The rigorous curriculum will challenge me. Also I enjoy how the school works and its various different spaces. It will help me improve more. I want to be challenged I think I will be at SHC. Many things have influenced...
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...The use of earnings forecasts in stock recommendations: Are accurate analysts more consistent?† Andreas Simon Orfalea College of Business California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo, CA (email: ansimon@calpoly.edu) Asher Curtis David Eccles School of Business The University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT (email: asher.curtis@business.utah.edu) This draft: September, 2010. Forthcoming, Journal of Business Finance and Accounting. ABSTRACT: We examine how analysts’ conflicting incentives to be either accurate or optimistic affect their choice to generate stock recommendations with rigorous valuation models or growth-based heuristics. Consistent with prior research the average analyst recommendation is negatively associated with rigorous valuation models and positively associated with growth-based heuristics, we document that these associations are weakest for the most accurate analysts and strongest for the least accurate analysts. We also find evidence consistent with consistency between recommendations and valuation models underlying the positive future returns from trading on the most accurate analysts’ recommendations. Our results are consistent with reputation incentives to be accurate mitigating the use of optimistic growthbased models in generating stock recommendations. Keywords: Forecast Accuracy; Fundamental Valuation; Stock Recommendations; Analyst Reputation. † Andreas Simon and Asher Curtis are, respectively, from the Orfalea College of Business...
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...critical. Projects launched without a rigorous initial estimate are five times more probable of experiencing delays and cancellations. Even projects with sound initial estimates are doomed to overrun cost and schedule budgets if they are not guided by rules of thumb and rigorous estimates-to-complete. Therefore, project managers must be armed with simple metrics and rigorous estimating models to be successful. Simple or complex, there are five questions project managers should ask about every estimate as they define and manage their projects. This paper stresses the value of accurate estimating, the project management discipline developing estimating rules-of-thumb and the application of those metrics to aid successful decision-making. Project Managers must be Accurate Estimators The key to successful project completion is an accurate estimate and a realistic risk assessment. Capers Jones, in a study of two hundred and fifty complex, software-intensive projects identified only twenty-five as successful in achieving their initial cost, schedule and performance objectives. Jones defines a failed project as one that is six months over schedule and fifteen percent over its cost estimate (p.5). Cost estimating was revealed as one of the six best practices utilized by the successful projects. How to be an Accurate Estimator Successful project managers make daily use of three powerful tools to become accurate estimators: simple rules-of-thumb, rigorous predictive mathematical models, and...
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...referencing style should follow the Harvard UTS Referencing Guide. You are expected to undertake a rigorous literature search of discovery on your chosen topic, which includes a minimum of five (5) recent and relevant academic refereed publications (which is a mandatory component of the report). The length of your report should be between 2,500 to 3,500 o undertake a rigorous literature search of discovery on your chosen topic, which includes a minimum of five (5) recent and relevant academic refereed publications (which is a mandatory component of the report). Life is full of surprises The presentation of your report must follow the generally accepted style of a research paper, including depth and breadth of discussion and analysis, language, referencing style and layout. The referencing style should follow the Harvard UTS Referencing Guide. You are expected to undertake a rigorous literature search of discovery on your chosen topic, which includes a minimum of five (5) recent and relevant academic refereed publications (which is a mandatory component of the report). The length of your report should be between 2,500 to 3,500 o undertake a rigorous literature search of discovery on your chosen topic, which includes a minimum of five (5) recent and relevant academic refereed publications (which is a mandatory component of the report). o undertake a rigorous literature search of discovery on your chosen topic, which includes a minimum of five (5) recent...
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...| | | THE ARMY ACT, 1952 (ACT NO. XXXIX OF 1952) | | | [13th May, 1952] | | | | | | | | | An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to the Bangladesh Army. 1 2 3 | | | WHEREAS it is expedient to consolidate and amend the law relating to the Bangladesh Army; It is hereby enacted as follows:- | | | | | | | CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY | | | | | | | Short title and commencement | | 1. (1) This Act may be called the 4[ * * *] Army Act, 1952. (2) It shall come into force on such date as the Government may, by notification in the official Gazette, appoint in this behalf. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Persons subject to the Act | | 2. (1) The following persons shall be subject to this Act, namely:- (a) officers 5[ and junior commissioned officers] of the Bangladesh Army; (b) persons enrolled under the 6[ * * *] Army Act, 1911, before the date notified in pursuance of sub-section (2) of section 1, and serving with the Bangladesh Army immediately before that date, and persons enrolled under this Act; 7[ (bb) persons subject to the Navy Ordinance, 1961, or the Air Force Act, 1953, when seconded for service with the Bangladesh Army, to such extent and subject to such regulations as the Government may direct;] (c) persons not otherwise subject to this Act, who, on active service, in camp, on the march, or at any frontier post specified by the Government...
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...Administration degree programs compared to other programs Name: Instructor: Institution: Course: Date: Introduction While most degree programs have been established in institutions of higher learning today, a business administration degree program is as sufficiently rigorous as any other degree program. The decision of coming up with the best degree course entirely depends on the students long term goals. For students making the decision about which program to pursue, taking an academically rigorous course is very imperative. However, this is a decision that the student has to come up through reviewing articles on how effectively this program meets their goals. For students who hope to make it in the world of executive and managerial positions, business administration is the program to pursue. Business administration is one of the most sought after degree programs of our times due to the increased corporate world and expansive growth of business and entrepreneurship in the world (Fickenscher, 2010). This study attempts to explain business administration programs as an academically rigorous degree to pursue, as compared to other programs. Ground With numerous programs coming up every day, remaining focused on the academic goals one hopes to achieve is critical. Business administration degree programs are not only academically beneficial but offer great and successful ever expanding careers. With some of the benefits...
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...in 2009 was $300 billion, which was a massive 40% of the world population. In terms of strictness, drugs have to go through many tests by numerous regulatory agencies before getting approved for mass production. The self-diagnostic kit that tests for Influenza, Pink eye and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) has to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). FDA; The obvious government regulation needed is the one from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Before any drug, or in our case a drug diagnostic kit, hits the market, it has to go through many trials and tests before it is approved. “As with all products regulated by FDA, rigorous reviews of laboratory and clinical data are needed to ensure the safety, efficacy, purity and potency of these products.” CLIA; Due to the fact that the self-diagnostic test is going to be a commercially used product for humans, it has to be approved by the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA), which are a part of the FDA. CLIA are federal regulatory standards in the United States created in 1988 for any laboratory tests that are performed on humans. One major competitor, QuickVue, which is a diagnostic for influenza A and B has also been CLIA approved, illustrating that our diagnostic kit must be as well. CPSC; One major issue with having a self-diagnostic test at home is that there is no supervision of a trained medical...
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...reports on the difficulties schools across the nation are going through because of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). The article goes more in depth and explains the core issues with the NCLB and why it backfired the second they signed it. As Fair Fax county superintendent Jack dales says about the law, “It’s become meaningless” (Webley 42). As the law continues to conduct mayhem across the nation’s schools, more and more students are becoming slaves to the tests and are lacking basic academic skills. The article shows convincingly that NCLB is not working and needs to be restructured. However, I feel the NCLB can have a long lasting impact on the schools if the government would allow more flexibility in the classroom, and implement a rigorous schedule for the students. The high standards and narrow curriculum are taking away the creativity of the teachers’ lesson plans, but the creativity of the lesson plans is just one of the solutions the NCLB really needs. First of all, the NCLB focuses mainly on what is on the tests and lacks contextual creativity in the teacher’s lesson plans. NCLB needs to allow more flexibility in the classrooms so that teachers are able to teach at a higher rate. Webley explains that “NCLB has sucked the creativity out of their lesson plans, forcing them to narrow their curriculums and teach only those concepts that will be on the state tests” (44). The government should find a way to incorporate the teachers’ lesson plans with their tests...
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...the most current medical knowledge and/or on the best available objective evidence.” To eliminate paternalism, the direct threat provision requires a “rigorous” and “fact-specific” analysis of the individual’s unique abilities that must be applied uniformly across courts. As one court explained, the direct threat analysis demands a thorough assessment: Whether one is a direct threat is a complicated, fact intensive determination, not a question of law. To determine whether a particular individual performing a particular act poses a direct risk to others is a matter for the trier of fact to determine after weighing all of the evidence about the nature of the risk and the potential harm. Although it is generally clear how employers should determine whether an individual is direct threat, courts have been highly deferential and receptive to employers’ judgments when assessing the direct threat defense, especially when a mental illness is involved. “Judges often allow employment decision-makers’ ‘personal perceptions of acceptable risks’ to substitute for rigorous, individualized, medical assessments, which allows the direct threat provision to give effect to some of the same disability-based fears, stereotypes, and biases that the ADA was intended to combat.” Earlier cases under the Rehabilitation Act applied a rigorous analysis when an employer decided to exclude individuals from the workforce based on fears of dangerousness in the future. However, recent court decisions...
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...Four Circles Model Bryan Dunlap EDA 561 Grand Canyon University March 30, 2016 It seems that in the world of education today “accountability” is the latest buzz word to embed itself deep into America’ lexicon. Accountability is used by parents, community members and other stakeholders as an instrument to raise expectations for schools and educators to an extremely high; sometimes unrealistic, levels of achievement. It has also become a weapon wielded by lawmakers and politicians at the state and national levels to levy punitive actions and sanctions to schools that are not meeting their levels of expectations; branding them with a “Scarlet F” if students are not scoring well on standardized tests. While high test scores, continuous improvement, student achievement and teacher/student accountability are things that all schools and district should strive for, there are certainly beneficial ways, as well as destructive means, to attaining such favorable results without harming the school’s most precious resource – students. Effective school administrators are constantly seeking opportunities to improve within their school and in each classroom. There are numerous tools and strategies that administrators and school leaders can implement that will aid in identifying obstacles and providing solutions to improve student success. One such tool is the Four Circles Model outlined by Charlotte Danielson. The Four Circles Model allows administrators...
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