...General Robert E. Lee General (Gen.) Robert E. Lee was the brilliant Confederate leader whose skill in military strategies, battlefield intellect, and the trust and confidence of his men and subordinate leaders, allowed the South to continue to fight during the four gruesome years of the Civil War. Although unable to attend Harvard as his brother did, Gen. Lee was able to get an advanced education at the United States Military Academy. He graduated second in his class and was a model cadet. (Gallagher 2010) The Mexican War gave Lee a chance to obtain recognition for his talents. He initially served in Texas where he worked as an assistant engineer under the command of Gen. Winfield Scott. Lee conducted many essential duties, including mapping...
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...civil war within their independent nation. The Civil War resulted in a plethora of casualties of American citizens who fought relentlessly for their side’s cause. The Battle of Antietam was part of the bountiful amount of battles and is the bloodiest single-day war in American history. The Battle of Antietam resulted in a victory which gave President Abraham Lincoln the opportunity to issue the Emancipation of Proclamation that formally declared, in addition to preserving the Union, that slavery would be eliminated. The Battle of Antietam was fought courageously and vigorously by Union and Confederate soldiers on September 17, 1862. It was the first major battle of the Civil War to be fought on Union soil; the battle took place near Antietam Creek in Sharpsburg, Maryland. The commander of the Union forces was George B. McClellan and the commander of the Confederate soldiers was Robert E. Lee. The Union initiated...
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...In this paper, you will read proof of how the Battle of Antietam was a crucial battle in the development of today’s howitzers and how it would mold the future of field Artillery. Since 17 November 1775, the field Artillery became one of the most critical and vital assets to every branch of the United States military. The field Artillery has been utilized in every major conflict to include when they were first deployed on 2 March 1776 under the command of president gorge Washington and Henry Knox. Throughout the endless decades of war, the howitzer has seen many modifications. The howitzer has improved so much from designs such as the catapult, muzzle loaded cannon, QF 13 pounder field gun towed by horses in WWI and all the way to present...
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...were a result of the Battle of Antietam which took place during the Civil War. Some of the major factors that played part in such a high casualty rate in this battle were the artillery pieces used, the terrain and location of the battle, and the two experienced generals on both sides, George B McClellan as the Union commander, and Robert E. Lee as the Confederate commander. The Battle of Antietam featured four different artillery cannons, those cannons were the 1857 model Napoleon, the 3inch ordnance rifle, the 1841 model gun, and lastly the 10 pound parrot rifle. The 1857 model Napoleon cannon fired 12 pound projectiles, and had a ranger of up to 1600 yards. The...
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...Robert E. Lee was born on January 19, 1807, in Stratford in Westmoreland county. He became the fourth child born to Ann Lee, and Colonel Harry. His mother, Ann Lee, came from one of the wealthiest families at the time in Virginia and his father better known as “light-horse Harry” served as Virginia's governor. Continuing in his father's footsteps Lee joined the military graduating in 1829 at the rank of second in his class. After graduation Lee became appointed second lieutenant in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers taking his first assignment in Cockspur Island, Georgia. Over the next twenty three years Lee would serve in Virginia, Georgia, Texas, New York, and Mexico. In the spring of 1830 Lee began courting his future wife Mary Curtis who...
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...the Battle of Gettysburg, had transpired. Three days of continuous conflicts brought out the best and the worst of every individual on the battlefields. James Longstreet, also known as “Old Pete” (Civil War 1), was one of the most controversial of these individuals. As a result of many disputes with...
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...The Union rejected secession, regarding it as rebellion. Hostilities began on April 12, 1861, when Confederate forces attacked a U.S. military installation at Fort Sumter in South Carolina. Lincoln responded by calling for a large volunteer army, then four more Southern states declared their secession. In the war's first year, the Union assumed control of the border states and established a naval blockade as both sides massed armies and resources. In 1862, battles such as Shiloh and Antietam caused massive casualties unprecedented in U.S. military history. In September 1862, Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation made ending slavery in the South a war goal, which complicated the Confederacy's manpower shortages. In the East, Confederate commander Robert E. Lee won a series of victories over Union armies, but Lee's reverse at Gettysburg in early July, 1863 proved the turning point. The capture of Vicksburg and Port Hudson by Ulysses S. Grant completed Union control of the Mississippi River. Grant fought bloody battles of attrition with Lee in 1864, forcing Lee to defend the Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia. Union general William Sherman captured Atlanta, Georgia, and began his famous March to the Sea, devastating a...
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...find his way into a combat unit. Against his wishes, his assignment would be an instructor position, but this would only last a few weeks. On July 21st, 1861 he witnessed his first glimpse of combat as a message courier for Commander Winfield Scott in the Battle of Bull Run. This glimpse would be the first battle of the Civil War fought by nearly twenty thousand poorly trained troops with the Union and the Confederate. The Union was slow to position themselves, and the Confederate forces had reinforcements arrive by rail, though this would lead to a confederate victory. Lieutenant Custer...
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...The Battle of Gettysburg was the bloodiest battle of the American Civil War. It claimed heroes from both sides, and all have been hallowed by the American public and the numerous accounts of the battle itself. The Civil War, or perhaps the Second War for American Independence, took an undeniable toll on the country, and the Battle of Gettysburg was no exception. The public, as noted by the sixteenth president of the United States during the dedication of the national cemetery at Gettysburg, “will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here” (“The Gettysburg Address”). President Lincoln continues to describe these “honored dead” in a heroic light, and begs society that, “these dead shall not...
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...The Civil War of 1861-1865 The Civil War of 1861-1865 One of the biggest reasons for the start of the Civil War (1861-1865) was centered around the issue of slavery. Southern states (known as the slave states) was dependent on agriculture, this created a huge demand for slaves to do the hard labor. Northern states on the other hand, were liberal and favored the idea of abolition of slavery. The politicians in the Northern states lobbied for abolition of slavery, which the Southern states opposed and threatened to secede if the Federal administration took any such step, which they did and thus the start of the Civil War. The imminent beginnings of the Civil War began in 1619 because of the arrival of 20 Black Africans from a Dutch frigate as indentured servants. Shortly after this, the Black Africans were experiencing the life as slaves and both the Southerners and Northerners were selling and trading them for profits. As the North started to pass laws to abolish slavery, in the South slavery was still part of the economy, part of the way of life, and remained legally sanctioned. In 1850, the South, with its slave labor, were exporting over a million tons of cotton a year and during this time in the in the North, the abolitionist movement was gaining momentum. Congress was having an intense argument in 1854 over the two states, Kansa and Nebraska that were added, whether they should be admitted to the Union as Free states or slave states. Congress decided that the states should...
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...Unit IV: Continuing Sectionalism, Civil War, And Reconstruction. 1853 To 1877 1. Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854 – A Bill introduced by Steven Douglas to organize the Nebraska territory. He hoped to build a transcontinental railroad making Chicago the terminus, but they could not do this until the Indians were cleared away and the land was in control. Nebraska would presumably become a free state due to the Missouri Compromise but to please the South Douglas argued that the territories should be left open to popular sovereignty. Douglas pushed for the bill and won, therefore the Missouri Compromise was repealed and the North was in an uproar. 2. Birth of the Republican Party- Made up of former Free Soilers, Conscience Whigs, and “Anti-Nebraska” Democrats. Presented themselves as the party of freedom though they were not abolitionist, but they believed that slavery be kept out of the territories. The Republican Party appealed too many to voters who not only disagreed with slavery but also wanted to keep slavery out of their states. 3. Stephan A. Douglas- Known as the “Little Giant,” he was the most prominent spokesman of the Young American movement. He held a series of state offices before being elected for the United States Senate at the age of 29. Douglas wanted to get on with the development of the nation; to build railroads, acquire new territory, and expand trade. This made him suggest and push for the Kansas-Nebraska Act. 4. Popular Sovereignty- Also known as...
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...Driven by the thought of Manifest Destiny, the United States pushed westbound. Pioneers took after trails to the boondocks conditions of the Midwest, California, and Oregon, looking for a superior life and open doors for area possession. As the country extended its achieve, fringe debate emitted, and the fight over subjection escalated. On a global level, the United States obtained new terrains in the American Southwest through war with Mexico and picked up region in the Pacific Northwest in view of a settlement with Great Britain. Regardless of authoritative endeavors to battle with the servitude issue, every time another state was to be admitted to the Union, another discussion would eject. Authoritative endeavors, for example, the dubious Wilmot Proviso, the thought of mainstream sway, Clay's Compromise of 1850, the Fugitive Slave Act, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act-planned to strike a harmony between free states and slave states. Sectional clashes kept on heightenning, nonetheless, spelling inconvenience for the isolated country. Taking after the decision of Republican Abraham Lincoln, seven Southern states reacted by voting to withdraw from the Union, reporting the formation of the Confederate States of America. The Civil War would soon take...
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...OUTLINE OF U.S. HISTORY OUTLINE OF OUTLINE OF U.S. HISTORY C O N T E N T S CHAPTER 1 Early America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 CHAPTER 2 The Colonial Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 CHAPTER 3 The Road to Independence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 CHAPTER 4 The Formation of a National Government . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 CHAPTER 5 Westward Expansion and Regional Differences . . . . . . . 110 CHAPTER 6 Sectional Conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 CHAPTER 7 The Civil War and Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 CHAPTER 8 Growth and Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 CHAPTER 9 Discontent and Reform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 CHAPTER 10 War, Prosperity, and Depression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 CHAPTER 11 The New Deal and World War I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 CHAPTER 12 Postwar America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256 CHAPTER 13 Decades of Change: 1960-1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 CHAPTER 14 The New Conservatism and a New World Order . . . . . . 304 CHAPTER 15 Bridge to the 21st Century . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 PICTURE PROFILES Becoming a Nation . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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