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Rock History

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Associate Level Material

Comparison Worksheet

Use the following table to compare extrusive and intrusive rocks. Describe and compare each type in at least 150 words.

|Extrusive Rock |Intrusive Rock |
|Extrusive rocks are formed from lava and form outside of the |One form of igneous rocks, intrusive rocks, derives directly from|
|earth. When lava is exposed to the atmosphere or water outside of|magma and solidifies within the earth. Since intrusive rocks are |
|the earth, this causes the lava to cool very rapidly in |within the earth, they cool very slowly taking anywhere from |
|comparison to intrusive rocks. This rapid cooling does not allow |thousands to millions of years to cool enough to completely |
|the rock time to form large crystals in the way that intrusive |solidify. The cooling rate of intrusive rocks enables the |
|rocks do. Extrusive rocks have a fine-grained texture known to |crystals to form that are visible to the naked eye, which gives |
|geologists as aphanitic, because the mineral crystals present |them a coarse grain compared to extrusive rocks. This visible |
|within the rock are very small. Examples of extrusive igneous |grain is called a phaneritic texture. Granite is one example of |
|rocks are basalt and obsidian |an intrusive igneous rock. |
| | |

Use the following table to compare faults and folds. Describe and compare each feature in at least 150 words.

|Faults |Folds |
|The fault rock have a measurable thickness that is made from |Folds in rock vary in different sizes from microscopic crinkles |
|deformed rock that happen when the level in the crust where the |to mountain sized folds. Sometimes this could occur just as |
|faulting happened from different rock types affected by fault and|isolated folds and in extensive fold ways of different sized, on |
|the presence and nature of any mineralizing fluids. Fault rocks |a variety of scale. Some folds forms under varied conditions of |
|could be classified by their unique textures and implied |stress, hydrotatic pressure, temperature and pore pressure. Folds|
|mechanism of deformation. There is faults that pass through |are commonly formed by shortening of existing layers, but may |
|different levels of lithosphere then they will have many types of|also be formed as a result of displacement on a non-planar fault |
|fault rock developed along its surface. Continued displacement |at the tip of a propagating fault by differential compaction or |
|tends to juxtape fault rocks characteristic of different crustal |due to the effects of a high-level igneous intrusion e.g. above a|
|levels that may varying with the degrees of overprinting. This |laccolith. |
|kind of effect will particularly clear in the case of | |
|overprinting of detachment faults and may be a major thrust | |
|faults | |

Use the following table to identify extrusive and intrusive rocks with pictures. Pick at least two intrusive rocks and two extrusive rocks, and paste a picture of each rock into the Picture column. For each rock, describe the physical characteristics and write a 50- to 100-word explanation about how the characteristics prove whether it is an extrusive or intrusive rock.

|Picture |Physical Characteristics |Intrusive or Extrusive? |
|[pic] |Rock with visible crystals of roughly the |Intrusive rock |
| |same size and they have a phaneric texture.| |
| |the crystallization of magma at a depth | |
| |within the Earth are called intrusive | |
| |rocks. Intrusive rocks are characterized by| |
| |large crystal sizes, i.e., their visual | |
| |appearance shows individual crystals | |
| |interlocked together to form the rock mass| |
|[pic] |Extrusive rocks are form by the |Extrusive rock |
| |crystallization of magma at the surface of | |
| |the Earth are called extrusive rocks. They | |
| |are characterized by fine-grained textures | |
| |because their rapid cooling at or near the | |
| |surface did not provide enough time for | |
| |large crystals to grow. | |
| | | |
| | | |

In 100 to 200 words, suggest how the game in the museum might work.

First I will provide different rocks and make them write on a piece of paper what they think about those rocks (size, difference, color, shape, texture) Then I will explain the difference. After, I will provide a mix and match game of rocks and they will have to match those rocks with the characteristic that will be posted on a play board. That way they will reinforce whatever they knew plus whatever they are learning and by making games like this people will put more interest even kids. Also we could have a sensory box with different type of rocks and people will have to guess what type of rock is it.

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