...(similarity) is important as it prepares the new generation to accept their roles in a capitalist society. 02: Suggest three criticisms that other sociologists may make of the functionalist view on education system. (6 marks) The first criticism by other sociologists would be by Melvin Tumin (1953), who criticises Davis and Moore for their role allocation theory. He says that this argument is seen to be circular, as we know which job is important by which one is more highly rewarded and the highly rewarded jobs are more important. Therefore, how do we really know which jobs are important and which aren’t, as bin collecting jobs are not seen to be important however they earned £24,000 and £26,000 and are seen to get bonuses up to £4, 000 but their job isn’t seen to be important in society or doesn’t require such skill. So how do we really know which jobs are important in society? The second criticism against Davis and Moore is that the New Right argues that the state education system fails to prepare young people adequately for work, so it is highly unlikely that the individual will get to the job they are best suited for. This is because the state control of education discourages efficiency, competition and choice, as schools are unresponsive to the consumers such as pupils, parents and employers; this means that schools waste money or get poor results. They believe that marketisation of education will empower consumers as there is now competition so schools will improve their...
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...Teachers as state agents are visibly responsible for the enactment of the educational policies as stated in the current Education Act 26.206 and all the related national and regional documents. Therefore, their role is pivotal to achieve the goals set in the current curricula within our education system by means of their educational practices and interaction with the learners, peers, and school authorities. As Rachel Throop (2007) argues: ‘Teachers are not passive recipients of language policy; rather, they play an instrumental role in classroom language policy (re)creation. All teachers, whether teaching mainstream or English Language Learner/ Bilingual Education (ELL/BLE) classrooms, are inevitably engaged in acts of language planning and policy each...
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...The role of education can be seen to provide pupils with the curriculum and hidden curriculum; teaching skills that will prepare them physically, mentally and socially for the world of work in later life. There are two main views on the role of education; the Marxist and Functionalists who take different approaches to this area. Interactionists have a view on this topic, but not an extremely controversial one, with large grounds for debate. As an overview, Marxists see education as an unequal and corrupt system which recreates class inequality, whereas Functionalists take more positive views, arguing it prepares children for the world of work and helps them to develop their personal talents, discover who they are, and where they would best fit into societies workforce. However the new right view believe that the current education system isn’t functioning because it is run by the state. In state education systems, politicians use their powers to influence what children should study. For example they encourage compulsory studying of history and also they chose what kind of school we should have ignoring the needs of individuals. This is using the ‘one size fits all’ rule leaving the consumers with no say or choice. Therefore some schools run inefficiently leading to a waste of money as they get poor results. This lowers the standards of achievement for children, which may lead to a less qualified workforce therefore the country’s economy in the future, will be a less prosperous...
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...Marxist considers education as an important part of the superstructure of society; along with the other institution i.e. Family, Media, Religion etc. It serves the needs of the economic base, which contains everything to do with the production of society. Marxists believe that education performs two main functions in a capitalist society: Reproduces the inequalities and social relations of production of capitalist society, It serves to legitimate there inequalities through meritocracy. Althusser (neo-marxist) believes that the main function of education is the transmission of common values. He argues that education is an ideological state apparatus (ISA). And that its main function is to maintain, legitimize and reproduce, generation to generation of class inequality, along with the fact that education reproduces the conditions for capitalisms to flourish without having to use force. Althusser believes this is done through the hidden curriculum: ensuring that working class children are encouraged to perform working class, capitalists, jobs. Bowles and Gintis argue that education serves to reproduce directly the capitalist relations of production, the hierarchy of workers from the boss down,. Bowles and Gintis’s correspondence theory suggests that what goes on in school corresponds directly to the world of work. The higher up the system the individual progresses, the more personal freedom they have to control their own educational or working experiences, and more responsibility...
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...Responsibility and its Role in Education NAME CLASS DATE INSTRUCTOR Responsibility and its Role in Education “Personal responsibility.” people have heard it a thousand times before. A dreaded image instantly comes to mind. Follow the rules and meet obligations. Freedom, lost! These are some of the negative thoughts conjured up in the mass mind when discussing personal responsibility. Even though society should be generally responsible for the common good, personal responsibility is essential in maintaining the integrity of a person’s character. What personal responsibility begins with is accountability for an individual’s wellbeing. Not just physically but mentally and emotionally, as well. When a person stops blaming people, places, and things for what happens and takes an active role in the direction life assumes, this would be the foundation of personal responsibility. Success in higher education relies heavily on a person’s practice of personal responsibility. “Academic-integrity responsibility is defined as ownership of integrity through attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors that support the role of the entire academic community” Miller, A., Shoptaugh, C., & Wooldridge, J. (2011). As society has evolved over time, government has increased exponentially in size. Each generation has become more accustomed to assistance programs. This has led to an increased level of self-entitlement and lack of personal accountability. The degree that standards have weakened...
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...specific strategic objectives that we have set ourselves in taking the project of education transformation further. Even though each of these reports has a specific objective and focus, there is an intended element of continuity between the reports as we seek to assess whether or not we are achieving the intended cumulative gains in turning around the crisis in education that I expounded upon in my Call to Action released on 27 July 1999. The content of this report therefore seeks to review the state of progress against the background of the baseline sketched in the first two reports. This report is also different from the first two reports in one significant dimension. I have elected for this analysis to be much more analytical than the first two reports. This is reflected in the different methodology employed in conducting the analyses contained in this report. The analyses presented in the first two reports were based on information obtained from questionnaires administered in all the Provincial Education Departments. For this report, I deployed teams of senior officials to visit each of the provinces to solicit information first hand and to engage in conversations with senior political and professional officials responsible for education in the province. The outcome is that the information obtained has made it possible for me to provide a more in-depth and qualitative analysis of the state of education in the country in general and in the Provinces in particular. This exercise...
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...The Role of the Family I believe that parents are active participants in their child's education and need the support to perform that responsibility. • Therefore, the first consideration a new teacher should keep in mind, when dealing with parents, is communication. A healthy community of learners involves the positive relationship between the parents, children, teachers, administrators and staff of the school. Regular communication with parents, in order to discuss the social, emotional and academic development of the child will benefit all parties concerned. This can be done through a combination of newsletters, parent-teacher conferences, samples of student work and phone calls when necessary. • Another thing a new teacher could do, to make their job easier, is to get the parents help with their children while at home. Involving parents in academic activities outside the classroom allows parents to also monitor their child’s progress and to become familiar with the content being covered during class. It is also helpful in that it ensures the student’s needs are being met. • I believe that a teacher should be familiar with the student’s exceptionalities if they are going to best help the student. Also, this knowledge will earn the parents respect, which is essential if a cooperative relationship is to be established. • Having said that, a teacher shouldn’t assume that parents of students with exceptionalities know everything about the needs of their children. It is...
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...CHAPTER 3 ROLE OF ELITES IN THE SOCIAL AND EDUCATIONAL CHANGE IN INDIA India gained full political - independence in 1947. The literacy rate in that period was about 16%. (Chavan, 2009) Since then, access to education has increased significantly. Elites in India have made a large contribution towards strategic promotion of Indian education sector in many ways. Until 1976, policies and implementation of education is legally determined for each of the right of States of India. The 42nd Amendment to the Constitution in 1976 has made education a "concurrent object." From now on central and local governments shared formal responsibility for funding and administration of education. In such a large country like India, now with 29 states and seven...
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...views of the role of education (20 marks) There are multiple views in society of the education system. The first view is functionalist – they believe that the education system is positive. The second view is Marxism – they believe that education in negative. The final perspective is feminism and they believe that again education is a negative thing. Functionalists such as Durkheim believe that the education system is positive because it gives us a shared sense of belonging, he also believes that due to history in education we are all bonded together because we all share the same past. Moreover, he also said that education gives us social solidarity because we’re all functioning together in society due to education giving us specialised skills for the workforce and later life. Additionally, functionalists such as Parsons believe that education is vital because it’s a bridge from the family to society. He also believes that there is equality of opportunity in society and in education this means there is a meritocracy and social mobility. Moreover, he said that education encourages individual achievement and this achievement is measured by role allocation and setting. This means that those who do well in school (those in the top sets) will be pushed to go for the highest jobs. He also said that education develops a value consensus in society this means that society has a shared set of norms and values. Davis and Moore examined role allocation. They believe that education selects talented...
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...Running Head: The Evolving Role of Government The Evolving Role of Government in Education Jennifer L Thompson Grand Canyon University: EDU-310 April 28, 2012 The Evolving Role of Government in Education Education in our public schools is very different than it was when the first schools were started. This is in part due to the changes in society, but also due to the changes in government control of our schools. Our founding fathers believed in the importance of education and many were involved with the creation of public education in America. Today, education is still a priority to most people in America. The fact that it is such a priority has brought about changes in the role of our government in the education system. Although education was a priority to our founding fathers, it was not mentioned in the original constitution. It is not mentioned in the initial Bill of Rights, either. However, the 10th Amendment states that the powers not delegated to the federal government “are reserved to the States, respectively, or to the people.” (Edmund Sass, 2012) This meant that the responsibility for public schools belonged to the individual states and not to the federal government. This allowed the individual states to set up their school systems in the manner that worked best for them. The schools ran in this manner for many years. Of course, with the different belief systems of the people in the different states, there was...
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...Roles and Responsibilities in Special Education Melinda Harper Grand Canyon University Special Education Program Development and Funding 523 Dr. Justina Kwapy July 16, 2014 Roles and Responsibilities in Special Education The world of education is anything but static. It is in a constant state of change with everyone hoping to do the greater good for our children. Roles and responsibilities of those who help the children continue to grow and evolve, and educators learn how to manage the diverse classrooms of today. The roles and responsibilities of those educators who are contributing to the education of our students with special needs have evolved over time. Considering how the Romans treated those with disabilities by leaving infants outside to die, or Greek philosophers made grave statements that they should not exist, to even earlier years in the U.S. creating institutions named, State Asylum for Unteachable Idiots, I feel that the world of special education has come a long way and still continues to grow in a positive manner. With the growth and progress that is being made students are no longer sent to institutional homes or facilities. Many families are caring for their special needs children. There are schools that are for special needs students that offer supports and services to the students, but many students are returning back to their home (local) schools. Teachers are receiving more education and extra training to better meet the needs of the...
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...Government Roles and Finances in Education [ 1 ] Running Header: GOVERNMENT ROLES AND FINANCES IN EDUCATION Government Roles and Finances in Education Alisha Ware – Roberson Grand Canyon University Education Foundation and Framework 11-25-2010 | Roles in Public Elementary and Secondary Education | Local | * Uses property tax revenues as a significant funding source * Provided governing body for the operation of a school district is the school board. * Set up and uses Parent-Teacher Organizations to amplify family participation * Responsible for involving students with disabilities in education by providing transportation, occupational or speech therapy, and counseling * Are responsible for the hiring of teachers, administers and other staff members * Sets salaries for district employees * Provides in-service training for employees * Adopt policies and regulations for the operation of schools. * Allocates budgets to different schools/programs * Oversees building construction/maintenance | State | * Have been required to develop and expand existing student assessment systems * Provide technical assistance to schools in need of improvement * Responsible for making rules regarding students with disabilities * Establish guidelines for curriculum * Administers Federal Education Policy * Charter/license schools * Set number of school days * Create school health/safety laws * License/certify teachers * Grant subsidy...
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...considering the role of education. They argue that the Marxist view is outdated and that society has entered a new postmodern phase. Marxists believe that capitalism cannot function without a workforce that is willing to accept exploitation. They also see education as reproducing and legitimating class inequality. Postmodernists reject this view of Marxism, that we still live in a two-class society and the claim that education reproduces class inequality. Postmodernist sociologists such as Morrow and Torres see class divisions as no longer important and that society is now much more diverse and fragmented. Marxist approaches are useful in exposing the ‘myth of meritocracy’. They show the role that education plays as an ideological state apparatus, serving the interests of capitalism by reproducing and legitimating class inequality. However, postmodernists criticise Bowles and Gintis’ correspondence principle on the grounds that today’s post-Fordist economy requires schools to produce a very different kind of labour force from the one described by Marxists. Postmodernists argue that the economy has shifted away from assembly-line mass production and is now based on ‘flexible specialisation’, where production is customised for small specialist markets. This post-Fordist system requires a skilled, adaptable workforce able to use advanced technology and transfer their skills rapidly from one specialised task to another. Post-Fordism calls for a different kind of education system. Instead...
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...In March 1865, Congress established the Bureau “for the supervision and management of all abandoned lands… all subjects relating to refugees and freedmen.” The Bureau in education played a significant role in the development of transforming former slaves into regular citizens. However, African-Americans found it hard to believe that they attain an education due to “the doubts of the old folks about book-learning.” The older generation’s submissive thinking did not solely interrupt the Bureau’s progress but the African-Americans’ progress as well. Despite the negativity that loomed around the Freedmen’s Bureau, it still showed promising productivity that can establish educated and non-submissive...
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...Evolving Role of Government in Education The Evolving Role of Government in Education Kenneth Davis Grand Canyon University: EDU310 June 5, 2011 The Evolving Role of Government in Education The United States governments play an ever evolving role in education. They are responsible for many of the exceedingly particular rules and regulations that drive schools and districts to change. All of these legislative rulings are supposedly made to help America’s youth, but some of them are more idealism than realistic. This essay will describe some of the many cases and laws that have evolved or have had an impact on U.S. education. The United States educational system began on the laws and moral of the religion. In colonial times schools and religion went hand in hand. All of this country’s first schools and educational systems were the product of some particular religious sect. The first schools were used to educate the colonist children but the religious tensions and sectarian rivalries among early colonists had also used schooling to advance their ideals. Particularly the Universities such as Harvard founded in 1636, and Yale founded in 1707 were founded as seminaries to train future clergymen. Although this type of thought about how schools should be run still is around today, there has been much government involvement to change that stat quo. In cases such as Everson v. Board of Education, and Illinoisex rel. McCollum v. Board of Education the court...
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