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Налогообложение населения Франции Среди ведущих развитых стран Францию отличает высокая доля обязательных отчислений (налоговых платежей и взносов в фонды социального назначения) в валовом внутреннем продукте. В налоговой системе Франции подоходный налог составляет 18,1% доходов бюджета. Он стоит на втором месте после НДС. В основном налоговая система Франции похожа на системы США. Отличия небольшие: налоги на социальное страхование здесь уплачивают только трудящиеся (а у нас в стране - только работодатели), к тому же здесь присутствует так называемый профессиональный налог, который уплачивают лица работающие, но не вознаграждаемые заработной платой. Данный налог привлек мое внимание потому, что сейчас наши граждане изыскивают все новые пути для заработка денег, а государство еще не может уследить за всеми работами, поэтому нам может пригодиться в данной ситуации профессиональный налог. Другая отличительная черта системы обязательных отчислений во Франции – высокая доля взносов в фонды социального назначения. По доле взносов в фонды социального назначения в сумме ВВП Франция занимает первое место среди развитых стран. Еще одной особенностью Франции является низкий уровень прямого налогообложения и одновременно высокий уровень косвенного. При этом во Франции – высокая доля поступлений от налогов на товары и услуги в ВВП ив общем объеме обязательных отчислений. Косвенные налоги дают около 60% налоговых доходов общего бюджета. Около 40 % доходов общего бюджета обеспечивают поступления от прямых налогов. Среди них основную роль играет подоходный налог (налог на доходы физических лиц). На его долю приходится около 20–21 % налоговых доходов общего бюджета. Вторым по значению выступает налог на прибыль акционерных компаний (корпорационный налог). Доля поступлений от него в налоговых доходах колеблется от 8 до 10 %. После значительного роста налогов в 70-е годы во Франции, как и в большинстве других стран Западной Европы, налоги стабилизировались. Сокращение подоходного налога и налога на добавленную стоимость в таких товарных группах, как автомобили, компенсируется повышением взносов в систему социального страхования. Дальнейшая модернизация французской налоговой системы будет идти в русле проводившегося в течение последних лет курса на стабилизацию доли налоговых поступлений в ВВП и постепенное ее снижение.

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