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Russian Federation

In: Science

Submitted By school1
Words 750
Pages 3
Russian Federation
Health Care System in Transition
Rebecca Segal
Amanda McCarter
Yasiah Hurtado
Grand Canyon University:

Verree Laughlin

Organizational Structure and
Management
Curative health care services
Maternal and child health care
Medical nursing education
Sanitary epidemiological services • Sanatoria and resorts





• The Russian Federation is divided into three levels:
Federal, Regional, and
Municipal
• Each city manages their own city hospital and polyclinics.
• Regional sections govern tertiary and secondary hospitals and outpatient services. • Rayons oversee the smaller territories or districts and provide a central hospital and outpatient services.

Hospitals and Providers
• “Rural Health Post: They take care of minor injuries, do routine exam’s, and immunization they take care about 4,000 people”
(Healthcare in Russia, 2012)
• “Special Focus Polyclinics: This is a place where children under the age of 19 are treated”
(Healthcare in Russia, 2012).





“Health Centes: They have a range of physicians, nurses, pediatricians, a therapist and midwife or gynecologist. They are able to perform minor surgeries along with a range of primary care services. They cover larger rural areas of approximately 7,000 people”
(Healthcare in Russia, 2012).
“Urban Polyclinics: They provide services which are normally considered general practice. The door screening and treat chronic illnesses and on-going care. Depending on their size they may house 3-4 specialist from different fields of medicine” (Healthcare in Russia,
2012).

Pharmacies
• “The Russian Federation has an estimated 17,500 pharmacies of which 23% belong to regional governments, 60% to municipal authorities and 17% are privately owned”(Healthcare in Russia, 2012).
• “Pharmaceutical are provided for inpatients by the hospital, while outpatients must purchase them”(Healthcare in Russia, 2012).
• “While the availability of drugs has increased through imports, drug affordability has fallen and many
Russians are unable to purchase necessary medications” (Healthcare in Russia, 2012).

Financial Resource Allocation
• The two allocation routes varies from region to region. • “In 2006, the Russian government launched a national projects plan that aims to improve four sectors of Russian life, one being healthcare. It approved an additional $3.2 billion in spending on healthcare to cover salary increases for doctors and nurses, the purchase of new equipment for clinics and the construction of eight high-tech medical centres in Russia’s outlying regions”(Healthcare in Russia, 2012).

Positives
• “The fear of epidemics was to a large extent responsible for the development of the sanepid network, which was highly effective in monitoring disease outbreaks and played a positive role in wider public health issues”(
World Health Organization,1999).
• The healthcare system included a commitment to the worker.

Negatives
• “Uchastok doctors are therapeutists (or first category specialists in internal medicine) who are not highly respected and are declining in numbers because of the belief that they will eventually be replaced by general practitioners”(World Health Organization,1999).
• “Facilities for the disabled fall far below western standards. Wheelchairs and artificial limbs are in very short supply with wheelchair ramps rarely existing and rehabilitation centres are few and far between”(Healthcare in Russia, 2012).

Major Health Issues
Leading health issue is cardiovascular disease
Cancer comes in second
Suicide
Alcohol
Drowning
Respiratory disease
Parasitic diseases
TB- on the rise since the collapse of the Soviet
Union
• Infant mortality 8.5 deaths per 1000









Pre-reform Health Care
• Before the fall of the Soviet Union the health care model used was a socialist model.
• All medical personal were state employees.
• The socialist model declined from underinvestment. • They had more doctors and hospital beds then patients. • Inadequate services between hospitals.

Health Care Reform
• Early reform Russia moved to a mixed model of health care.
• Medical expenditures were divided between state and private financing.
• Patients had the ability to choose their provider.
• Unfortunately this reform made things drastically worse. • The updated reform of 2011 has greatly exceeded it earlier reform.

Refercences
• Healthcare in Russia. (2012). Allianz Worldwide
Care. Retrieved November 3, 2012, from http://www.allianzworldwidecare.com/healthcar e-in-russia
• Highlights on Health in the Russian Federation"
(PDF). World Health Organization. November
1999. Archived from the original on 2007-07-29.
• Tragekes, E. and Lessof, S. Health Care Systems in
Transition. Russian Federation. 2003

• Highlights on Health in the Russian Federation"
(PDF). World Health Organization. November
1999. Archived from the original on 2007-07-29.
• Field, M. G.. The health and demographic crisis in post-Soviet Russia: a two-phase development in
"Russia’s Torn Safety Nets", edited by Field M. G.,
Twigg J. L. (eds). 2000:11–42: St. Martin’s Press.
• Tragekes, E. and Lessof, S. Health Care Systems in
Transition. Russian Federation. 2003

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