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Safety

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Safety ကို အဓိပၸါယ္ဖြင့္ ဆိုရလ်င္ “ေဘးရန္ကင္းျခင္း၊စိတ္ခ်ရျခင္းျဖစ္ပါတယ္” ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ civil engineer အတြက္ သီးသန္႕ဖြင့္ဆုိရလ်င္ “အလုပ္ခြင္အတြင္း လူ၊ အသုံးအေဆာင္ကိရိယာမ်ား၊ စက္ယႏ ၱယားမ်ား၊ပတ္ဝန္းက်င္ အားထိခိုက္မွဳမရွိေအာင္ကာကြယ္ျခင္း” ကို ဆိုလိုသည္။

ေဖာ္ျပပါ အခ်က္(၇)ခ်က္အနက္ ကြ်ႏ္ုပ္ အေရးၾကီးသည္ဟု ထင္ေသာအခ်က္မွာ(a)ျဖစ္သည္။ (a)၏ အဓိပၸါယ္ရွင္းလင္းခ်က္တြင္ “လစဥ္ safety crew ေဘးအႏၱရယ္ကင္းရွင္းေရး၊ လုပ္သားကိုယ္စားလွယ္မ်ားမွ safety ႏွင့္ပတ္သက္၍အစည္းအေဝးျပဳလုပ္ျခင္း” ျဖစ္သည္ဟူ၍ေဖာ္ျပထားသည္။ ဤ တြင္ေျပာထားေသာ လစဥ္ ဟူေသာ စကားလုံးသည္ အေရးပါသည္။ အခ်ိန္အပိုင္းအျခားတစ္ခုကို ေဖာ္ျပထားျပီး၊ မနဲလြန္းမမ်ားလြန္းေသာ အခ်ိန္ပမာနတစ္ခုျဖစ္ကာ ထို အခ်ိန္အတိုင္းအတာ တစ္ခုေရာက္တုိင္း အျမဲတေစျပဳ လုပ္သြားမည္ ဟုဆုိလုိျခင္းျဖစ္သည္။ safety ျဖစ္ရန္အတြက္ အခ်ိန္အတိုင္းအတာတစ္ခုေရာက္တုိင္းျပန္လည္ စစ္ေဆးျခင္း သို႕မဟုတ္ ညွိႏွိဳင္းအၾကံျပဳျခင္းမ်ားျပဳလုပ္သင့္ပါသည္။ လုပ္သားမ်ားနွင့္ site ထဲရွိ engineer မ်ား ေဘးအႏၱရယ္ကင္းရွင္းေရးမွာလဲအေရးပါေသာ အခန္းက႑ ကပါဝင္ပါတယ္။
လစဥ္အစည္းအေဝးတြင္လုပ္သားကိုယ္စားလွယ္ မ်ား မွေနျပီးေတာ့ safety အေၾကာင္း ကို အစည္းအေဝး လုပ္ သြားမယ္ လုိ႕ဆုိိပါတယ္။ အစည္းအေဝးတြင္ ေဖာ္ျပပါ အခ်က္(7)စလုံးအား ေဆြးေႏြးသင့္ျပီးေတာ့ ဆံုးျဖတ္ႏိုင္ပါသည္။ လိုအပ္သည္ Equipment မ်ား ကို လဲ တပ္ဆင္၊ဝတ္ ဆင္ သင့္သည္ မ်ား ကိုလဲ ေဆြးေႏြးအတည္ျပဳသင့္ပါသည္။ ေအာက္ေျခလုပ္သားမ်ားသာမကပဲ site ထဲရွိ လူမ်ား စက္ကိရိယာမ်ား ပတ္ဝန္းက်င္ ေတြကို လဲ မထိခိုက္ေအာင္ စည္းမ်ဥ္း ေတြ ခ်မွတ္သင့္ပါတယ္။ အကယ္၍ တစ္စုံတစ္ရာ ျဖစ္လာပါကလဲ ျဖစ္သည့္အေၾကာင္းအရင္းနဲ႕ ဆုံးရွဳံးနစ္နာမွဳမ်ားကိုလည္းမွတ္တမ္းတင္ ထားရွိရန္လိုအပ္ပါသည္။ ေနာင္အခါ အလားတူကိစၥမ်ား ထပ္မံမျဖစ္ပြားေစရန္ျဖစ္သည္။ မီးသည္ အလြန္ေၾကာက္မတ္ဖြယ္ေကာင္းေသာ ရန္သူျဖစ္သည္။ မီးေဘးအႏၱရယ္ ကာကြယ္ရန္အတြက္ မီးသတ္ေဆးဘူး၊ခ်ိတ္၊ကတ္တို႕ ကို အရန္သင့္ထားရွိရန္အစည္းအေဝးတြင္ ဆုံးျဖတ္သင့္ပါသည္။ construction site ထဲတြင္ မေတာ္တဆ ျဖစ္၍ ထိခိုက္ဒါဏ္ရာ ရသူ၊ေသဆုံးသူမ်ား ရွိလာႏိုင္ပါသည္။ သို႕ျဖစ္ပါ၍ အလုပ္ခ်ိန္ဆုံးရွဳံးမွဳမ်ားျဖစ္လာ သလို တစ္ဖက္တြင္လဲ သင့္ေတာ္ေသာ နစ္နာေၾကးေငြမ်ား ေပး ရန္ လည္းထည့္သြင္းေဆြးေႏြးသင့္ပါတယ္။အသုံးျပဳေသာ ပစၥည္းကိရိယာ မ်ား၊ ယာဥ္မ်ားကိုလဲ ပ်က္စီးမွဳမရွိေအာင္ ထိန္းသိမ္းထားသင့္ပါသည္။ ပ်က္စီးခ်ိဳ႕ယြင္းမွဳမ်ားျဖစ္ေပၚလာပါက ခ်က္ခ်င္းဆိုသလိုျပဳျပင္သင့္ပါသည္။ အသစ္ လဲလွယ္သင့္သည္မ်ားကိုလည္း လဲလွယ္သင့္ပါသည္။
လုပ္ငန္းခြင္အသုံးျပဳေသာပစၥည္းမ်ား ကို ကိုင္တြယ္ရာတြင္ကြ်မ္းက်င္မွဳသည္ အဓိကက်လွပါသည္။ construction site ထဲ ရွိ ပစၥည္းအမ်ားစုသည္ ေလးလံေသာ အရာမ်ား ခြ်န္ထက္ေသာ အရာမ်ား ျဖစ္ၾကပါသည္။ သို႕ျဖစ္ပါ၍ ကြ်မ္းက်င္လုပ္သားမ်ားကိုသာ အလုပ္ခန္႕အပ္ရန္လဲလိုအပ္လွပါသည္။ သို႕မဟုတ္ပါက မကြ်မ္းက်င္ေသာလုပ္သားက ကိရိယာမ်ား ကို အကြ်မ္းတဝင္မရွိပဲ ထိခိုက္ဒါဏ္ရာ ရရွိသြားႏိုင္၍ျဖစ္သည္။
အေဆာက္အဦးဖ်က္ရာတြင္လဲ သတိရွိဖို႕ ကလဲ အေရးၾကီးလွပါသည္။ တခ်ိဳ႕ အေဆာက္အဦး အအိုအေဟာင္းမ်ားသည္ လြန္စြာအိုေဟာင္းေနျပီး ျဖစ္ေသာေၾကာင့္ နံရံ၊ ၾကမ္းခင္း ႏွင့္ ေထာက္တိုင္တို႕မွာ ေဆြးေျမ႕ေနသည္မ်ားျဖစ္တတ္ေသာေၾကာင့္ သတိမထားမိပါကထိုအရာမ်ားက ျပိဳက်ျပီးေတာ့ ထိခိုက္ဒါဏ္ရာရရွိႏိုင္ကာအဆိုးဆံုးေသဆံုးမွဳမ်ားအထိျဖစ္လာႏိုင္ပါသည္။ ထို႕ေၾကာင့္ အေဆာက္အဦး အအိုအေဟာင္းမ်ားကို မဖ်က္ခင္ ခံႏိုင္ရည္တို႕ ကို ၾကိဳတင္စစ္ေဆး ေပးဖို႕လိုအပ္ ပါတယ္။ ခံႏိုင္ရည္ေပၚမူတည္ျပီး သင့္တင့္ေသာ နည္းလမ္းမ်ားကို အသံုးျပဳျပီး အေဆာက္အဦးကိုျဖိဳဖ်က္သင့္ပါတယ္။ သို႕ျဖစ္၍ အေဆာက္အဦးမဖ်က္ခင္ အစည္းအေဝးျပဳလုပ္ျပီး သင့္တင့္ေသာ နည္းလမ္းနွင့္ equipment မ်ားကို အသုံးျပဳရန္စည္းေဝးတိုင္ပင္သင့္ပါသည္။ အထပ္ျမင့္အေဆာက္အဦးမ်ား ေဆာက္လုပ္ရာတြင္လဲ ျပဳတ္က်နိုင္သည္အစြန္အဖ်ားမ်ားတြင္ သတိေပးစာတမ္းမ်ား ကပ္ျခင္း၊အကာအကြယ္ ညန္းမ်ားတပ္ဆင္ထားျခင္း မ်ားကိုလဲ အစည္းအေဝးတြင္ထည့္ သြင္း တိုင္ပင္ေဆြးေႏြးသင့္ပါတယ္။

အေရးအၾကီးဆုံးဟုထင္သည့္အခ်က္မွာ (h)“လုပ္သားမ်ားအေနျဖင့္ အလုပ္ခြင္ တြင္ ေဘးကင္းရွင္းေသာ အလုပ္ေနရာမ်ား ႏွင့္အလုပ္လုပ္ သည့္စနစ္မ်ားကို သိရွိနားလည္ရမည္။” ျဖစ္သည္။ အလုပ္သမားမ်ား သည္ ေဘးကင္းေသာ အလုပ္ေနရာမ်ားကိုသိရွိနားလည္ပါက မိမိကိုယ္ ကို ေဘးကင္းေသာအလုပ္ေနရာတြင္သာလုပ္ အလုပ္လုပ္မည္ျဖစ္သည္။ ထို႕ေၾကာင့္အလုပ္သမားတိုင္း၏ safety ျဖစ္မွဳကိုရရွိမည္ျဖစ္သည္။ အလုပ္လုပ္သည့္စနစ္မ်ားကို သိရွိထားသည့္အတြက္ေၾကာင့္ မျဖစ္မေန အႏၱရာယ္ရွိေသာ ေနရာမ်ားတြင္လုပ္ရမည္ဆုိပါကလဲ လိုအပ္ေသာ equipments နွင့္ tools မ်ားကို တပ္ဆင္အသုံးျပဳ ကာကြယ္ထားမည္ျဖစ္ပါသည္။(c)(d)(e)(f)(g)တြင္ေဖာ္ျပထား ေသာ အခ်က္မ်ားမွာ အေရးၾကီးသည္မွန္ေသာ္ လည္း ထိုအခ်က္မ်ားသည္ အလုပ္ခြင္တိုင္းတြင္ရွိသင့္ ေသာ စည္းကမ္းမ်ားျဖစ္သည္။ထို႕အျပင္ safety procedure နဲ႕ အနည္းငယ္မွ်သာသက္ဆုိင္သည့္အခ်က္မ်ားလည္းျဖစ္သည္။(b) တြင္ေဖာ္ျပထားေသာ အခ်က္သည္ အႏၱရယ္ရွိေသာ ပစၥည္းထားသိုမွဳစနစ္ကို သိရွိယံုျဖင့္ ထိုလုပ္သားသည္ safety ျဖစ္သည္ဟုမဆို ႏုိင္ပါ။ၾကိဳတင္ကာကြယ္ျခင္းသည္ ကုသျခင္းထက္ ထိေရာက္ ျခင္းျဖစ္ကာ (a) တြင္ေဖာ္ျပထားသည့္အခ်က္သည္ safety မျဖစ္လုိ႕ ထိခိုက္ဒါဏ္ရာရျပီးမွ supervisor ကိုအေၾကာင္းၾကား ျခင္းျဖစ္ ေနသည္။

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