...After months of research and experiments, I have concluded my discovery of space worm touch receptors is definite. Regardless of the type, sensory receptors are influenced by physical actions and various stimulus. My research and experiments show that space worm touch receptors are no different. Stimulus is a change discernible by the body (Sherwood 2004) or in my case, a space worm. Certain receptors like touch receptors respond to stimulus weakly or strongly when involved with a different stimulus (Sherwood 2004). This perfectly related to my experiment because the space worm touch receptors respond differently to various stimulus. All of this discussion about stimulus to touch receptors would not happen without mechanoreceptors. Mechanoreceptors are heavily present in the touch receptor system and are influenced by physical actions like distortions, bending, and probing. Through various actions of stimulation, I was able to see what types of mechanoreceptors the space worm touch receptors contained. Rather than being located in a specialized location, the space worm touch receptors are located throughout the whole space worm. As a consequence, different areas of the spaces worm touch receptors reacted and traduced different electrical signals. This difference of electrical signals ultimately revealed the different mechanoreceptors present in the space worm touch receptors. After discovering space worm touch receptors, I will conduct a specific test to identify...
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...Running head: ANALYSIS OF VARK LEARNING STRATEGIES Analysis of VARK Learning Strategies “The acronym VARK stands for Visual, Aural, Read/write, and Kinesthetic sensory modalities that are used for learning information (Fleming & Mills, 1992)”. Each person learns in a unique yet definable way, and through the utilization of the VARK system, categories have been established to assist in understanding and promoting effective learning by the individual. The VARK system is based on a questionnaire where each person describes their response to a given situation, and the compilation of the answers then allows these results to place the individual within one of the four identified groups, with the addition of a fifth being an all-encompassing “multimodal learning preference (Fleming & Mills, 1992)”. The design of the program assists the learner to not only receive their identified learning style, but allows for the instruction of changes or habits that the individual may find helpful in developing their learning effectiveness. Visual learning includes the use of printed graphs, charts, and visual comparisons by using labels, arrows, and symbols that the individual can associate with items of interest. The visual learner equates symbols and figures, and this allows them to process and retain the information more effectively. This style of learning was identified with the lowest number upon completion of the personal questionnaire. Aural/Auditory learning involves...
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...Task Sheet 2 - Reading 2 - Buyology ch 8 A SENSE OF WONDER Selling to Our Senses A - Text related questions The author argues that when it comes to advertising, sight is the most important of senses. True or False? True. What is ‘sensory branding’? Companies are discovering, they’d be better of not just inundating us with logos but pumping fragrances into our nostrils and music into our ears. It is sensory branding. In the first experiment, what happened when the image and the fragrance didn’t match up? Subjects rated the image-fragrance combinations to be more appealing than either the image or the fragrance alone.pleasantness quotient dropped. What are mirror neurons (you will have to research this outside the text)? Mirror neurons represent a distinctive class of neurons that discharge both when the monkey executes a motor act and when it observes another individual (a human being or another monkey) performing the same or a similar motor act ( Figure 1). These neurons do not discharge in response to the simple presentation of food or of other interesting objects. They also do not discharge, when the monkey observes hand actions mimicked without the target object. Thus, the effective visual stimulus is the observation of a hand interacting with an object (Gallese et al. 1996, Rizzolatti et al. 1996a). Why do supermarkets have bakeries close to their entrances? Not only does the fragrance of just-baked bread signal freshness and evoke powerful feelings of comfort and...
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...Understanding Sensory Perception SSCI206-1101A-01 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx 20xx AIU Online Abstract In this paper, we address sensory perception relevant to touch perception, temperature perception and taste perception. It contains three experiments, one experiment relevant each perception addressed in this paper. Additionally, we explore the method by which each of the three sensory perceptions is received and interpreted by the human brain. Lastly, we look at the reason why sensory adaptation is of significance relevant an evolutionary perspective. Understanding Sensory Perception Three different experiments were conducted to investigate human sensory adaptation. In the first experiment, a sheet of course grit sandpaper was placed on a table and the test subject gently moved a finger over the sheet of sandpaper 5 times. Using a rating scale of 1 to 7, 1 being a rating of very fine and 7 being a rating of very coarse, the subject rated the level of coarseness as a 7. After 1 minute, the subject again gently moved the same finger over the same sheet of sandpaper 5 times. Using the same rating scale of 1 to 7, the subject rated the level of coarseness as a 4. In the second experiment, three medium sized bowels were placed on a table. The left bowl contained 50% total capacity hot tap water, the center bowl contained 50% capacity lukewarm water and the bowl on the right contained 50% capacity cold tap water...
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...touchdown or clapping at a game show. Babies do react to what others are watching and are very sensitive to the emotions of others around and will pick up, even unnoticed, how others are reacting to what they are watching. There is a huge amount of research that show the negative effects of TV, computers and video games on young children in their development but some parents just don't get it and use these things as a babysitter like if the child is crying or showing frustration and instead of helping the child get through this by talking to them, directing then to a more positive activity they just say go play a video game or watch TV. TV's and video games do deprive the child of their sensory experience but, when the child plays outside in the real world they use all their sensory skills like seeing, hearing and touching. When they also play and interact with other kids they develop a sense of balance, co-ordination, general and fine motor skills as well as physical fitness and all these are all so important for short, long term and mental health. When children watch video games the voices and people represented in these video do not behave or react like real human beings and in response to the child this disassociates elements that in a human being are whole and all associated together. Children with repeated exposure to any form of media can lead to a distancing of themselves from real people in real life situation and lead to their lack of compassion, and more aggressive...
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...1. Considering the amounts of contribution of the senses to learning (sight 75%, hearing 13%, touch 6%, taste 3% smell 3%), which instructional materials will be most effective? Why? Answer: Considering the amounts of contribution of the senses to learning, the most effective instructional materials will be the use of materials that they can see and manipulate like visual aids, power point presentation where there are also video clips inserted and objects that they can manipulate. It is where they can have open-ended exploration or drill-and-practice. It is important to give them open-ended exploration or drill-and-practice with the aid of instructional materials (depends on the subject matter, for example in geometry- the use of small cubes in explaining further the derivation of the formula) so that they would be able to satisfy their own queries, see how things are done through discovery method. The feeling of accomplishing something by their own way is already a reward to them and the next time around they will be more motivated in participating the class discussion. Aside from the abovementioned reasons, making use of the instructional materials that they have longer retention about the lesson and deeper sense of appreciation to the subject matter. Why? Because by their own, they can discover the application of the concept, not just only in academic terms but into their day to day activities. Their manipulative and critical thinking skills are also developed. In addition...
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...recent research has made it more difficult to draw a clear line between sensation and perception. That research shows that the process of interpreting sensations begins in the sense organs themselves and continues into the brain. Even previous experience can shape what you sense, causing you not to notice. Sensory Systems The senses gather information about the world by detecting various forms of energy, such as sound, light, heat, and physical pressure. For example, the eyes detect light energy, the ears detect the of sound , and the skin detects the energy of heat and pressure. Humans depend primarily on vision, hearing, and the skin senses to gain information about the world: they depend less than other animals on smell and taste. There are also senses that provide information to the brain from the rest of the body. All of these senses must detect stimuli, encode them into neural activity, and transfer this coded information to the brain. Steps in Sensation At each step, sensory information is processed in some way: the information that arrives at one point in the system is not the same as to the information that goes to the next step. In some sensory systems, the first step in sensation involves accessory structures, which modify the stimulus. The lens of the eye is an accessory structure that changes incoming light by focusing it; the outer part of the ear...
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...Vision, auditory, smell, touch, and taste are the five senses that most individuals use on a daily basis to complete their activities. Some are forced to work without one of these five which can add difficulty to their lives. Alterations can be made and life goes on but an individual could feel that they are still missing something. Different professions can shift the importance of sense from equally distributed to a skewed relationship. A chef would utilize taste and smell over their other senses to achieve a masterpiece. In contrast, in the professional student role, more individuals disregard taste and smell as a necessity to achieve their goals, leaving the other three to help them. Just like the chef has a masterful palate to raise the earning potential, so does each student have a sense that aids in boosting their learning potential. Like the human senses, there are five major learning styles which students can fall into: visual, aural, read/write, kinesthetic, and multimodal which is a combination of two or more. Vark learning institute has developed a test in which to help students discover which one, or more, style they will succeed in. Multimodal students are able to learn from more than one learning style and often succeed when not restricting themselves to only one avenue to learn. The combination between two styles can aid an individual in maximizing learning and test taking abilities. For these styles do not only focus on learning but also applying that learning...
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...Many things in the world have not been named; and many things, even if they have been named, have never been described. One of these is the sensibility -- unmistakably modern, a variant of sophistication but hardly identical with it -- that goes by the cult name of "Camp." A sensibility (as distinct from an idea) is one of the hardest things to talk about; but there are special reasons why Camp, in particular, has never been discussed. It is not a natural mode of sensibility, if there be any such. Indeed the essence of Camp is its love of the unnatural: of artifice and exaggeration. And Camp is esoteric -- something of a private code, a badge of identity even, among small urban cliques. Apart from a lazy two-page sketch in Christopher Isherwood's novel The World in the Evening (1954), it has hardly broken into print. To talk about Camp is therefore to betray it. If the betrayal can be defended, it will be for the edification it provides, or the dignity of the conflict it resolves. For myself, I plead the goal of self-edification, and the goad of a sharp conflict in my own sensibility. I am strongly drawn to Camp, and almost as strongly offended by it. That is why I want to talk about it, and why I can. For no one who wholeheartedly shares in a given sensibility can analyze it; he can only, whatever his intention, exhibit it. To name a sensibility, to draw its contours and to recount its history, requires a deep sympathy modified by revulsion. Though I am speaking about sensibility...
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...about the area. The way something smells can make a person decide, without any other information, whether or not they like a product or service. The way the senses guide people in their decision making can either make them have conscious decisions or it can make them close-minded to the area around them. The three main functions of sensory information are: The sensory nerves gather information from the environment then sends that info to the spinal cord, which then speed the message to the brain. The brain then makes sense of that message and fires off a response. Motor neurons deliver the instructions from the brain to the rest of your body. The spinal cord, made of a bundle of nerves running up and down the spine, is similar to a superhighway, speeding messages to and from the brain at every second (The Brain, 2005). Information is passed from the sensory memory into short-term memory via the process of attention (the cognitive process of selectively concentrating on one aspect of the environment while ignoring other things), which effectively filters the stimuli to only those which are of interest at any given time (Sensory Memory). Sensory memory is an ultra-short-term memory and decays or degrades very quickly, typically in the region of 200 - 500 milliseconds (1/5 - 1/2 second) after the perception of an item, and certainly less than a second (although echoic memory is now thought to last a little longer, up to perhaps three or four seconds). Indeed, it lasts for such...
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...After reading this chapter, the basic reflexes present at birth are rooting, tendency to turn head toward things that touch its cheek, related to function of food intake; Sleeping, movement of legs when held upright with feet touching floor; prepares for independent locomotion; Swimming, tendency to paddle and kick when lying face down in water; related to function of avoiding danger; Moro, arms of infant thrust outward and then appear to grasp something; similar to primates’ protection from falling; Babinski, fans out toes in response to stroke on outside of foot; function unknown; Startle, in response to noise, fling out arms, arch back and spread fingers; protection is the function; Eye-blink, with exposure to light, rapidly open and shut eyes; function is to protect eye from exposure; Sucking, tendency to suck when lips are touched; related to function of food intake; Gag, reaction to clear the throat; related to function of prevention of choking. And the developmental milestones in motor development are: gross motor is rolling over, grasping a rattle, sitting without support, standing while holding on, grasping with thumb and forefinger, standing alone well, walking well, building tower of two cubes, walking up steps, jumping in place; fine motor opens hand prominently, grasps rattle, grasps thumb and finger, holds crayon adaptively, builds tower of two cubes, places pegs in a board, imitates strokes on a paper, copies circle. While there is a consistency to the timing of...
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...the nervous system, enabling users to control these devices in the same way they control their natural limbs and organs. For military personnel who have lost limbs or organs, neuroprosthetics will offer more rapid recovery and rehabilitation. The center draws upon WPI faculty expertise in the life sciences and biomedical, electrical, and mechanical engineering, including such areas as electronic control systems, communications, imaging, sensors, biocompatibility, and biomaterials, as well as the university's growing capabilities in bioMEMS (Bio-Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems). Luke Skywalker’s Hand and How Touch is Like Vision Perhaps the most famous neuroprosthetic device in movie history shows up at the end of The Empire Strikes Back. In the final scene, Luke Skywalker is fitted for a new, robotic hand to replace the one so cruelly lopped off by (spoiler alert!) his father’s lightsaber. To test out the new hand, Luke first flexes it a couple of times, then allows a droid to poke it in several places with a thin needle. That latter part is actually an important test, verifying the sensory ability of the prosthetic to mimic a real hand’s response to pain or pressure. Last week, we wrote about BrainGate, a neuroprosthetic that allowed some quadriplegic subjects to control a robotic arm with their brain activity. But a successful prosthetic limb, whether for a quadriplegic or an amputee, would need to have not just motor control, but also some semblance of sensory feedback replicating...
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...Sensory Perceptions Rodney Edwards Professor Andrew N. Carpenter PHI 210 4/27/2014 Provide at least three reasons for believing in the accuracy or inaccuracy of sensory information. The three main reasons for believing in the accuracy or inaccuracy of sensory information would be Perception, interpretation, and knowledge. Without ours senses we are nothing. We would not be able to Touch taste, feel, or smell. They are who we are. Perception is our sensory experience of the world around us and involves both the recognition of environmental stimuli and actions in response to these stimuli. http://www.studymode.com/subjects/. What we are experiencing at any given moment or our experience in life is what the inaccuracy of sensory information is based on. Knowledge is the key for believing in the accuracy or inaccuracy of sensory information. Knowledge informs decisions about what to believe and how to act. It also aides in making good decisions. More importantly, knowledge is the basis for right and wrong. Identify and describe at least three factors contributing to the accuracy of sensory data. One factor contributing to the accuracy of sensory data would be smell. Our sense of smell is very important. It can send us messages. If there is a fire you could smell it ahead of time and get others to safety. Your sense of smell could tell you messages about your own body if your body did not smell so pleasant, so that you can correct the problem. It can also aid you in cooking...
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...Introduction Psychologists studying perceptual development tend to make a distinction between sensation - "the functioning of our sensory system", and perception - "the interpretation of those sensations" (Foley & Matlin, 2010, p. 2). Perceptual development provides the foundation for interpreting the events of the world around us. Stimuli from the environment that evoke sensory experiences of hearing, seeing, and touching promote brain growth and development. Our sensory systems do indeed change over time, just like the rest of our body. At birth our senses are not completely developed giving us an incomplete view of the world. As we age, our senses will decline leaving us with less of a connection with the world. The path and nature of the development of our senses are important for several reasons. Understanding development helps the medical field intervene in problems to help people of all ages have more normal sensory systems. Understanding development also yields important insight into the basic operations of our sensory systems. Seeing how they change gives researchers peaks into the nature of their general operation. In perceptual development, many focus area does exist, but for the purpose of this paper, emphasis will be placed on discussing the significance of nature vs. nurture to perceptual development in infants, as well as discuss other sensation and perception concepts like visual abilities – acuity and eye movements. Nature vs. Nurture Nature and Nurture in...
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...(Visual, Auditory, Reader/writer, Kinesthetic). Watching people in action such as on videos as well as using diagrams and charts are examples that would benefit those with a preference for the visual learning style. Those who prefer the auditory learning style typically enjoy talking about ideas and situations with others as well as hearing stories from them. In the case of those who are classified as reader/writers, they are known as prolific note-takers who rely on textbooks and writing down facts and stories in journals. For the kinesthetic learners, they favor hands-on experience and practice in "real world" settings as well as global learning. In addition to the four different sensory modalities, the VARK questionnaire includes the extra "multimodal" category for students who prefer more than one sensory modality of any combination. Noting the large diversity of preference modalities, Marcy (2010) stated that multimodal students will make up between 50 and 90 percent of classes, with approximately 50 percent of faculty members also tending to be multimodal. While having a multimodal profile allows for greater flexibility in...
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