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Sanitation

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CONCISE STRATEGY TO IMPROVE GHANA’S ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION
PRESENTED BY: COSMAS LANKONO (B.Sc. CIVIL ENGINEERING)
Tel: +233-26-294-8033 Email:c.lankono@gmail.com 1.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT (RECOGNITION) Most of our streets, market places and cab stations all have an unpleasant characteristic in common-choked open drains, garbage in plain sight, overflowing dustbins etc. Most Ghanaians especially those engaged in commercial activities on the street are not accustomed to the habit of keeping a tidy environment; walk into most cab stations to confirm. It is not uncommon to see trash being thrown out of cars in Ghana, the most common refuse constituent being the black polythene bags.

The ugly truth of Ghana’s sanitation situation is that despite efforts by the government and NGOs towards creating a cleaner environment, the net effectiveness will always be infinitesimal since the main solution is to reach the mindset of the populace. Our very early Ghanaian civilization had a more domesticated lifestyle which did not include the use of less bio-degradable products such as plastics and polythene bags thus the adaptation to a modern lifestyle with regards to the management of modern waste products is clearly seen anytime we are on the streets. This concise strategy which blends entertainment with education is a sure way to effectively educate the populace with regards to a positive mindset tuning.

For Ghana to attain full middle income status, the health of the country with regards to environmental sanitation should be given more attention than is currently receiving. Ad hoc clean-up campaigns, billboards which most people don’t read and some can’t read and very limited air time of sanitation adverts have yielded the minimal results we are all witnesses to in this twenty first century, where the world is now a global village. This proposal presents a strategy of effectively using the entertainment media to consciously instill in the Ghanaian populace, an attitude of environmental cleanliness and stewardship to better maintain the existing infrastructure in our dear motherland and further facilitate development in Ghana.

2.0 METHODOLOGY (INVENTION) Videos on environmental sanitation should be added as a prologue to locally produced movies and music videos for a consistent period of at least five years. These videos should be displayed in strategic public locations on mobile giant screens. The purchased giant screens can also serve as advertisement and mass information dissemination avenues. As part of their social responsibilities, popular actors, actresses and artistes, should commit to this strategy by featuring in these videos.

The displayed videos should be updated monthly to allow ample time for the sanitation message to be appreciated by the people within a particular study area.
Television stations should air these videos on a regular schedule as part of their social corporate responsibility. Radio stations should likewise do the same. The print media houses should include in their papers a section that reports on the daily sanitary status of specific study areas.

3.0 SUSTENANCE AND DIFFUSION

If funded, a monthly evaluation report on the progress of this strategy would be publicly displayed as morale booster within the study area. Awards would be given to the well-kept area as an incentive and the area given a brand. Social science and psychology students in regions of the study area should be engaged to further strategically educate the populace as part of their national service. The students should be challenged to build an educational model to further enhance this strategy. A governmental legislation to make this mandatory in all ten regions would make this strategy enforceable by law thus making it more efficient and effective.

4.0 RELEVANCE OF STRATEGY Majority of Ghanaians patronize these movies and music videos at home, on the streets and in buses. Thus it would be an effective avenue to compliment current efforts being made to sensitize our society on sanitation since temporal songs on TV and billboard advertisements are yielding little progress. Funds used to clean up streets and reconstruct infrastructure after disasters such as floods, as well as the importation costs of malaria drugs, could be used for other projects such as road construction and water distribution. Public places such as beaches and lakes would be cleaner thus attract more attention, which will enhance Ghana’s GDP and Human Development Index. 5.0 CONCISE PROTOCOL THAT ENSURES STRATEGY SUCCESS 1. Collaboration with MUSIGA and the Ghana film producers association 2. Video would be a composite of short clips and educative messages 3. The displayed videos would be updated monthly by artistes, actors/actresses 4. Monthly street durbar would be held in the study area to sustain interest 5. Sanitation inspectors would be employed within study area 6. The area sanitary brand icons would be red, orange and green leaves displayed on screen; in order of increasing area hygiene 7. Color coded dustbins lined with rubber bags would be provided within the study area, with videos on the usage displayed on the screen 8. The mobile giant screens would be moved to a different study area after three months and the already studied area evaluated without the displayed videos EVALUATION MATRIX AND INTERPRETATION Parameters | Daily Ratings: Mon-Sat | 1.General Area Tidiness | | | | | | | 2.Maintenance of video screens | | | | | | | 3.Usage of dustbins | | | | | | | 4.Interactiveness of people | | | | | | | 5.Frequency of trash collection | | | | | | | Area Sanitary Rating | | | | | | | 1 = Area indigenes still acquainting with strategy
2 = Indigenes understand strategy but partially utilize dustbins
3 = Indigenes understand strategy and fully utilize dustbins
4 = Indigenes fully accept strategy and assist in maintaining video screens and dustbins
5 = indigenes fully accept strategy, exhibit an acquired maintenance culture and offer suggestions to enhance strategy 6.0 RISK ASSESSMENT
There would be no adverse risk to the people or economic activities within the pilot area. The following however, should be noted: I. Two guards should be stationed close to the giant screens and the mobile office II. If possible the giant screens should have an auto volume control III. The giant screens components should be water proof and resistant to high heat

7.0 EXISTING SANITATION PRACTICE
In most public areas such as markets and taxi stations, the common practice is as below A company called Zoomlion is the most popular waste disposal company in Ghana. Early before market hours, the workers sweep and put trash in containers. The traders do the sweeping sometimes.

These containers are not emptied regularly for the popular landfilling practice.

The choked drains aggravate the flooding especially in Greater Accra

Typical flood aftermath and the same protocol of cleanup campaign year after year. The mindset of the people is neglected in the efforts being made to restore harmony.

For related literature, please refer to the links in bibliography. 8.0 STARTUP ITINERARY
The giant screens and a mobile office may have to be imported thus their total cost will be negotiated with the supplier. The Musicians union of Ghana (MUSIGA) is also ready to dialogue with any donor agency with regards to the production of videos and event organization. Other items needed are reflective Jackets (branded by sponsor), a branded car, video cameras and garbage bins. Contracted sanitary inspectors from the Accra Metropolitan Assembly(AMA) should be part of the monitoring team, as the involvement of the Ghanaian government will ensure the diffusion of this innovation country-wide. 9.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY

* http://graphic.com.gh/nehttp://www.xfmnewscenter.com/news/images/photos/83308.jpgws/general-news/24658-floods-worsen-sanitation-in-accra.html

* http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=189725

* http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-F-T7hPOqvek/UD76oJGu7GI/AAAAAAAAA1w/Kg94-g2hDTI/s1600/Zoomlion+at+work.jpg

* http://dvsl3w2q45hb8.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/sweeping-sanitation.jpg

* http://floodlist.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/trash-floods-accra.jpg

* http://www.averysegal.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Accra-Trash.jpg

* http://www.citifmonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Ghana-bola-300x160.jpg

* http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-5tHmjnAFlrc/UbtMHRwc_iI/AAAAAAAAAQI/uj93t6dHG8g/s1600/Screen+Shot+2013-06-14+at+4.21.00+PM.png

* http://www.xfmnewscenter.com/news/images/photos/83308.jpg

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