...Abstract This paper aims to investigate the state female entrepreneurs with an emphasis on female entrepreneurs from Saudi Arabia. The paper will employ a qualitative approach to try and understand how female entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia have managed to start and manage their enterprises. The reasons that motivated women to take this approach in the business world will be interrogated, the challenges that face them and the means used to mitigate those problems will also be investigated. This thesis will look at the internal and external barriers that are faced by female entrepreneurs. The factors that form the conventional support network for women in business around the globe will be analyzed in a bid to show the to which they have been applied in Saudi Arabia. Using established research literature, the common problems faced by female entrepreneurs are well stated, this paper will go further to show how progress has been achieved and the factors that have facilitated a resurgence of entrepreneurship in this Middle Eastern country. Female Entrepreneurship In Saudi Arabia Female entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia could the next frontier for the improvement of the Middle Eastern economy. A sector long overlooked due to the conservative nature of the Islamic society (Elamin & Omair, 2010), men have traditionally been looked upon to lead the way in business. However, recent development point to a paradigm shift as more Saudi women are making their mark in the business world. The...
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...Copyright subsists in all papers and content posted on this site. Further copying or distribution by any means without prior permission is prohibited, except for the purposes of non-commercial private study or research, as defined in the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or as otherwise authorised by statute. To obtain permission, please contact the author of the relevant paper in the first instance or email copyright@brunel.ac.uk with details of your request. The Impact of Saudi Culture on Recruitment and Selection Practices in the Privet Sector in Saudi Arabia By Rajeh T. Albugamy Submitted to BBS Doctoral Symposium Brunel University 4th & 5th March, 2010 -2- Abstract The ultimate goal of recruitment and selection is to hire or get the right people for the right positions, i.e. qualifications; skills and merit are the criteria that should determine who would occupy the job rather than nepotism, favouritism or any other cultural elements (Alghailani, 2005). In Saudi Arabia like the other Arab countries , wasta for example, an Arabic term which means using connections for personal gains, is deeply rooted in the culture and having a big influence on people’s life and business among that obtaining a job depending on the strength of wasta (Hutchings and Weir, 2006). Employees in Saudi Arabia with strong family and tribal connections are often got promoted to higher positions (Mellahi, 2006). According to Al-Awaji (1971), the Saudi social-value system is based...
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...Education and Gender Equality within Millennium Development Goals: KSA & China Name: Institution: Course: Date: Declaration I hereby declare that this is my work and nothing has been plagiarized. Every aspect of this work has been appropriately referenced using the APA referencing format. Executive Summary Table of Contents Contents of the report with page numbers, list of tables, and list of figures. Introduction to the Research Topic Education and gender equality are critical components of societal progress and development. They reflect basic rights that require no economic justification. This notion is reflected in the inclusion of gender related developmental and propagative objectives in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Yet it is also a case that education and gender equality has broad and positive implications for economic as well as social development to any nation. A significant decline in child illiteracy and maternal mortality remains somewhat elusive and thus the Millennium Developmental Goals initiative that has been deemed to reduce child illiteracy and promote gender equality coupled with the establishment of women empowerment within all regions of the world is poised with inconsistent progress rates within some certain countries. To deliver such Millennium Development goals and MDG3 and its supporting targets which promotes specifically gender equality and empowers women, it will be critical to elevate...
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...Diversification of Income Resource in Saudi Arabia as Result Decrease Oil Price Names Institutional Affiliation Abstract The main objective of this paper is to study the idea of diversification of the income resource of Saudi Arabia due to the effects of the instability in the oil market. Saudi Arabia as a country has developed due to its oil source which makes it the kingpin in the world oil market. Approximately 85% of the country revenue is earned from the oil economic sector. This is a sign of over reliance on the oil market making the country economy vulnerable because of changes of oil prices. The instability of the oil prices in the global market has signaled the need for economic diversification to build a stable economy (Shoult, 2006). This paper discusses the possible ideas which can be used to up bring diversified economy which does not depend on a single or few sectors of income generation. Introduction Saudi Arabia is a country that is located in the western part of Asia. It is the world largest producer and exporter of petroleum products. The economy of Saudi Arabia has in the past been pivoted on the oil as source of revenue due to the fact that the strength of the economy, foreign investor’s ideas and development of the infrastructures were all dependent on the oil. Fluctuations in the oil prices and demand in the world market has greatly affected the economy of Saudi Arabia and well as a source of livelihood to the majority of the citizens. The country...
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...ECONOMICS II THE ACCESSION OF SAUDI ARABIA TO THE WTO ANALYSING THE FUTURE CHALLENGES SUBMITTED BY: AKANKSHA PRAKASH I.D.NO.: 1785 IIND YEAR B.A.LL.B. {HONS.} TABLE OF CONTENTS RESEARCH METHODOLOGY___________________________________________________________2 INTRODUCTION_________________________________________________________________________3 THE ACCESSION OF SAUDI ARABIA TO THE WTO: AN ANALYSIS OF THE FUTURE CHALLENGES____________________________________________________________________________4 • Objectives________________________________________________________________________4 Diversification of the economy______________________________________4 Development of modern infrastructure________________________________4 Access to Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and modern technologies________4 Enhancement of purchase power of the population_______________________4 Employment Generation___________________________________________5 Maximization of competitive advantage in petrochemicals________________5 Open Access to international Market__________________________________5 Open Access to international Market__________________________________6 Integration of Saudi Arabia’s economy with the global economy____________6 • Reforms__________________________________________________________________________6 Foreign Investment_______________________________________________7 Trade in Goods___________________________________________________8 ...
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...International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition Awareness of GM foods between Saudi Arabians and Irish people: A comparative study Name Institution Awareness of GM foods between Saudi Arabians and Irish people: A comparative study Abstract Aspects related to GMO food have raised controversial arguments with numerous researches being based on this issue. Awareness has been one of the crucial elements associated with GMO food use. This paper undertakes a comparative analysis of awareness of GMO food in Saudi Arabia and Ireland. The study combined a descriptive and review research designs with both qualitative and quantitative elements. Descriptive data analysis was done. Moreover, a SurveyMonkey was also used. A survey was conducted using a 15-questined questionnaire in a sample of 200, 100 respondents from either of the countries. The study revealed that only 2% and 8% of the respondents had adequate knowledge in GMO food in Saudi Arabia and Ireland respectively. The study also revealed that 61% and 57% of the respondents consumed GMO food in Saudi Arabia and Ireland respectively. Moreover, it was discovered that the media played a crucial role in creating awareness of GMO food. Analysis of the results revealed that awareness of GMO food in Saudi Arabia and Ireland was low. The difference in the level of awareness in either of the countries was not significant. Moreover, media was shown to influence awareness of GMO food in both countries highly. Introduction Genetic...
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...Research proposal An investigation into nursing skills in recognising clinical deterioration of patients in acute care setting in Saudi Arabia Introduction Acute care nurses are expected to demonstrate skills with regards to early detection of deterioration in patients and seek for emergency support. This is indispensable for delivering safe patient care, and thereby to save lives (Cioffi 2009). Nevertheless, ensuring patient safety in acute care setting is still a challenge in the healthcare system in Saudi Arabia (Aldossary, While & Barriball 2008; Almalki, FitzGerald & Clark 2011). Till date, no systematic approach has been undertaken to ensure that acute care nurses are aware of the emergence of new knowledge as well as technological advances that are necessary for early identification (Aldossary, While & Barriball 2008; Al-Ahmadi 2009; Almalki, FitzGerald & Clark 2011). Early identification with patients who are in need of emergency care can prevent cardiac arrest and lessen morbidity and mortality (Cioffi 2009). This study aims to obtain an in-depth understanding of the current level of competence of acute care nurses in Saudi Arabia in terms of their knowledge, skills and attitudes. The findings will be used to develop an integrative model that can provide acute care nurses with effective education and training so that they can be prepared more effectively to identify clinical deterioration at early stages. Literature review According to Grossman & Wheeler...
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...with Learning Disabilities in Saudi-Arabia High Schools Student Course School Date A Dissertation Submitted In Partial Fulfillmemt For The Award Of The Degree Of Masters Of ………………..In The Faculty Of Education At The ………..University YEAR: 2015 THE CANDIDATE’S NAME THE NAME SCHOOL Declaration This study is my original work and has not been presented for a degree or any other award in another University or institution of higher learning Signature…………………………………… Date………………………………… Name of the Student: Registration number of the student: I confirm that the work conveyed in this proposal is carried out by the candidate under the guidance of my supervision. Signature……………………………………… Date ………………………………. Name of the Supervisor Name of the University Name of the Department Dedication I dedicate this proposal to my parents, Mr. and Mrs. ………… for modeling me into who I am and for their moral and financial support throughout the whole process. Contents Declaration 2 Dedication 3 Abstract 5 Acknowledgments 7 Chapter One: Introduction 8 1.1 Background of the Study 8 1.2 The Purpose of the Study 9 1.3 Significance of the Study 9 1.4 Research Problem 10 1.5 Research Questions (Quantitative) 11 1.6 The Theoretical Model 12 1.8 Definition of Terms 13 Teacher Perspective-Refers to the view and opinions of teachers based on the special education services provided to students with disabilities. 13 1.7 Research Limitations 14 1.8 Summary...
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...International Business and Entrepreneurship Development, Vol. 3, No. 1/2, 2006 Sustaining competitive advantage in the global petrochemical industry: a Saudi Arabian perspective Salem M. Al-Ghamdi Department of Management and Marketing, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, P.O. Box 667, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia E-mail: sghamdi@kfupm.edu.sa M. Sadiq Sohail* Department of Management and Marketing, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, PO Box 210, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia E-mail: ssohail@kfupm.edu.sa E-mail: sadiqsohail@hotmail.com *Corresponding author Abstract: This paper analyses the competitive advantages of Saudi Arabia in the global petrochemical industry. Porter’s model is used for this purpose. Saudi Arabia, a leading producer of oil, is also the largest worldwide producer of a number of petrochemical products. Competitiveness in the global market demands an examination of comparative advantages and is the reason why Saudi Arabia is yet to succeed in the global market. This paper is an attempt to analyse the industry and to provide strategic alternatives. Keywords: petrochemical; Porter; Saudi Arabia; strategy. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Al-Ghamdi, S.M. and Sadiq Sohail, M. (2006) ‘Sustaining competitive advantage in the global petrochemical industry: a Saudi Arabian perspective’, Journal for International Business and Entrepreneurship Development, Vol. 3, No. 1/2, pp.4–17. Biographical notes: Salem Al-Ghamdi graduated...
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...Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4, August 2014 Identified Factors Affecting the Intention of Saudi Arabian Citizens to Adopt e-Government Services Sulaiman A. Alateyah, Richard M. Crowder, and Gary B. Wills Abstract—This paper discusses e-government, in particular the challenges that face adoption in Saudi Arabia. e-government can be defined based on an existing set of requirements. In this research we define e-government as a matrix of stakeholders: governments to governments, governments to business and governments to citizens, using information and communications technology to deliver and consume services. e-government has been implemented for a considerable time in developed countries. However, e-government services still face many challenges in their implementation and general adoption in many countries including Saudi Arabia. It has been noted that the introduction of e-government is a major challenge facing the government of Saudi Arabia, due to possible concerns raised by its citizens. In addition, the literature review and the discussion identify the influential factors that affect the citizens’ intention to adopt e-government services in Saudi Arabia. Consequently, these factors have been defined and categorized followed by an exploratory study to examine the importance of these factors. Therefore, this research has identified factors that determine if the citizen will adopt e-government services and thereby aiding governments in accessing...
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...Cost and EQuity in access paper by Gada Korayim UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDU 628 - Professor Tatiana Melguizo Due Date: March 8, 2015 Introduction The diversity of colleges in the higher education landscape stems from the diversity of missions. For one, the obstacles to innovation in higher education in the USA has been a debate for years. There are colleges that focus on liberal arts education as Dr. Liz Coleman (TED Talks) lectured during her speech about “Reinventing the Liberal Arts Education”. There are colleges that focus on career development. According to Fortino (2015), the university mission is “to create more prepared minds” to contribute to society by creating jobs and innovative opportunities that will improve economies. Fortino (2015) mentioned that the former President of Harvard University, Dr. Derek Bok, discussed the dangers of commercializing higher education when colleges and universities turn their attention to commercial development of their inventions. This apparently is what is being seen on campuses and in universities today. When the focus is placed on commercialization, universities are placed under pressure to produce output and seek profitable, income based outputs, and the main mission and vision of universities can fade and disappear. Governments provide funding to universities and provide laboratories, equipment, books, etc. The desired output is to produce students that have a commercial...
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...Information Security Policy for E-government in Saudi Arabia: Effectiveness, Vulnerabilities and Threats [Name of the Writer] [Name of the Institute] Executive Summary Introduction: In many countries, the implementation of the E-Government has proved to be useful in providing efficient services to the consumers. This increases the speed of the work and does not cause any unnecessary delays. All these aspects matters for the efficient service of the Government work. In the end, it proves to be beneficial for both Government and the citizens living in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, in this study, all the issues related to the Information Security Policy will be discussed in detail. The research study is worth for a number of reasons. Firstly, it will help in assessing the degree of effectiveness of the present security policy, security holes in the policy, and threats not addressed by the policy. It, in turn, would help in coming up with measures of ensuring that the policy is security-oriented, which increases citizens’ confidence in using e-government services. Literature Review: The primary purpose of producing literature review is to support the findings of this study via the theoretical justifications obtained from literature. The review revealed that in Saudi Arabia, there is the absence of agencies to monitor the accountability of e-government services. Most of the workers of offices in Saudi Arabia lack professionalism, and this is a great weakness in the implementation...
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...Publishing, Inc. 2012 http://www.bjournal.co.uk/BJASS.aspx Corporate Governance and Performance of Saudi Arabia Listed Companies Yahya Ali Al-Matari Faculty of Accountancy, Universiti Utara Malaysia matariyahya@yahoo.com Dr. Abdullah Kaid Al-Swidi College of Arts & Sciences, Universiti Utara Malaysia swidi@uum.edu.my, and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Faudziah Hanim Bt Fadzil Faculty of Accountancy, Universiti Utara Malaysia fhanim@uum.edu.my Abstract: This study aims to provide a concise view of the background of Saudi Arabia‟s legal system, important regulations and monitoring policies related to the corporate governance followed by the Saudi government to enhance the attractiveness of the business environment. In so doing, this study attempted to provide an overview on corporate governance in the emerging markets and more specifically in Saudi Arabia. Additionally, this study has shed lights on the main monitoring devices which play a significant role in regulating and developing the Saudi business environment. The focus was on some corporate governance mechanisms that might affect firm performance including board composition (BODCOM), CEO duality (DUAL), board size (BSIZE), audit committee independence (ACIND), audit committee activities (ACMEET) and audit committee size (ACSIZE). Keywords: Corporate governance, firm performance, emerging countries, Saudi Arabia. 1 British Journal of Arts and Social Sciences ISSN: 2046-9578, 1. Introduction The topic...
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...Flossmann et al. (2007) study the center identity of representative achievement/accomplishment and established that identity began from youth and instructive impact. Comparative research did by Osborne Groves (2005) concentrating on female representative in US and UK saw that female job performance in US has an injurious implication contrasted with its partner while UK female worker are more threat in the effect identity qualities. As opposed to that, Mueller and Plug (2006) watched the BFFP show factors has a little level of enthusiastic unfaltering quality of transparency related emphatically to male worker's performance though female employees are more excellent for receptiveness and honesty. Subsequently, in light of the clarification gave by various researchers and researchers on BFFP demonstrate, it can be outlined that neuroticism contrarily impacts representative job performance while extraversion emphatically impacts worker performance and ultimately, powerless hint exists in scruples, pleasantness and Openness to encounter impacts worker performance. 2.6 Saudi Arabia Organisational Culture Culture as characterized by Cooke and Szumal (1993) as the proceeding with convictions and common behavioristicprospectsin an association and in this manner organizational culture as per Heskett and Kotter (1992) as the range that is extending from a state of subtlety...
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...Interdisciplinary Journal of Research in Business ISSN: 2046-7141 Vol. 2, Issue. 1, (pp.01- 14) | 2012 An Empirical Analysis of the Human Resource Management Activities in Retail Sector: A Study of Saudi Arabian companies Dr. Abdalelah S. Saaty Dean, College of Business (COB), King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia Mohammed Owais Qureshi Lecturer, Human Resource Management, College of Business (COB), King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia Email: drzaidansari@gmail.com ABSTRACT Human resource management (HRM) generates competitive advantage for a company and also the subsequent performance of a company is influenced by a set of effective human resource management activities. The success evident in the Saudi Arabian retail industry is attributable to numerous lucrative activities undertaken by respective human resource departments. This ranges from planning endeavors to appropriate grievance handling mechanisms. In this study, we intend to assess the human resource practices in retail companies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Primary data based on 355 respondents were analyzed to assess human resource activities being practiced by retail companies in Saudi Arabia. Six factors were analyzed. ‘Human resource planning and recruitment’ was fairly practiced in retail organizations. Recruitment practices observe transparency and equality and thus offer due opportunities. It was also observed that human resource planning incorporated knowing and sourcing when...
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