...Observations: As per the preliminary investigation performed in CAPOL production units of CSPP, SE plant, Refinery and the boiler division. There are number of areas identified for the possible energy savings in the plant. It is further required to either perform field trials and case dependent data acquisition is needed to assess the feasibility of changing the particular component in the production line. 1. The plant at present using very large number of electrical motors ranging upto more than 100 HP for the power transmission requirements. Observations are that the motors are being rewinded number of times with in-house-technicians, it is more likely that the motor efficiency and performance characteristics may got detoriated. The gear boxes in use with the motors are also in service from number of years and they were serviced number of times during the plant operation. Replacement of the gear box with a new gear box is likely to provide energy conservation as well replacing the electric motor and the combination of the motor and the gear box also provide better energy savings to the plant operation. Remark: Field trails are needed to estimate the payback periods and possibility of scheduling the replacement. 2. There is need for the keeping insulation on all the steam lines – it is observed missing lagging in several locations, also required is complete replacement of steam lines in some of the locations of the steam passage. Also found are the steam leakages in...
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...Energy Saving Through Smart Home By M.VINOD KUMAR 09H71A0256 K.V.P.CHAND 10H75A0206 EEE, B-tech IV year MIC College of Technology Kanchikacherla 1 Abstract-Energy saving is considered as one of the most important issue affects the consumers, power system quality and the global environment. The high energy demanded by home appliances, air conditioning and lighting makes homes to be considered as one of the most critical area for the impact of energy consumption. Smart home technology is a good choice for people not only care about security, comfort but energy saving as well. In this paper, a smart home energy management technique based on a set of sensors is presented. It minimizes the domestic energy waste and can be adapted according to the user habits. A proposed scenario is reported of daily routine and performed by 16 steps. Three assumptions of varying the time spent in each step according to different behaviour are examined. The effectiveness of the proposed set is shown based on a static correlation between the power consumption and saving. Keywords- Energy saving, smart home, occupancy sensor. I. INTRODUCTION Smart home technology started for more than a decade to introduce the concept of device and equipment networking in house. Smart home contains internal network and intelligent control on different home's services. The internal network can be built via wire or wireless communication technique between sensors and actuators .The intelligent control means the entire...
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...Saving Our Planet through Renewable Energy Fossil fuels are made out of dead plants and trees. The United States Energy Information Administration reported the national average of electricity: coal- 49.7%, nuclear- 19.3%, natural gas- 18.7%, hydroelectric- 6.5%, petroleum- 3%, and renewables- 2.3%. Coal is mined in the United States and coal accounts for 50% of the electricity we use. The EPA reported that the warmest 10 days recorded took place in the last 15 years. All of this warming is melting the polar icecaps and is contributing to the rising sea levels. There are about 600 coal-fueled power plants in the United States. Fossil fuels are also linked to our cars. Oil is another huge resource that we use and the United States gets more than 50% of their oil from other countries. The American Petroleum Institute estimated that one 42 gallon barrel of crude oil produces 44.2 gallons of petroleum products. Drilling sites for this oil takes up miles of road and pipelines and they have to have hundreds of drilling pads. In the ocean, they are on the ocean floor. Spills of this oil can happen both on land and in the ocean. The spills occur during pumping; transporting and can contaminate the oceans, soil, groundwater, or surface water. On April of 2010 there was an explosion on the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig that killed 11 men and sent millions of gallons of oil into the Gulf of Mexico. This spill cause a catastrophe and endangered many of the sea life and birds. There is a...
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...Advances in technology can bring about dramatic changes in military operations, often termed revolutions in military affairs or RMAs. Such technology-driven changes in military operations are not merely a recent phenomenon: they have been occurring since the dawn of history, they will continue to occur in the future, and they will continue to bestow a military advantage on the first nation to develop and use them. Accordingly, it is important to the continued vitality and robustness of the U.S. defense posture for the DoD R&D community to be aware of technology developments that could revolutionize military operations in the future, and for the U.S. military services to be on the lookout for revolutionary ways in which to employ those technologies in warfare. This report examines the history of past RMAs, to see what can be learned from them regarding the challenge confronting the DoD today, when it has set out on a concerted effort to bring about a technology-driven transformation of the U.S. military to achieve the operational goals outlined in Joint Vision 2010. Among its many findings are three of particular note: * RMAs are rarely brought about by dominant players (such as the U.S. military is today). * For a dominant player to bring about an RMA requires a receptive organizational climate, fostering a continually refined vision of how war may change in the future and encouraging vigorous debate regarding the future of the organization; senior officers with traditional...
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...In addition, the introduction of 130 new double decker trailers, depot store re-alignment and fleet reductions have helped eliminate over 18m miles from the supply chain since 2005– the same as going to the moon and back 75 times. The savings, which represent an £7m increase on last year, mean Asda remains on course to deliver efficiencies of up to £800m by 2020, it said. Julian Walker-Palin, head of corporate sustainability at Asda, said: “At Asda, our approach to sustainability is based on the belief that protecting the environment and saving people money go hand in hand. After all, wasting resources means wasting money – and we hate waste of any kind. “Since 2005, our work to minimise the environmental impact of our operations has delivered over £80m in savings – which we have invested in delivering lower prices for our customers. Now, through our exchange programme, we can go even further, helping over 300 suppliers find efficiencies in energy, waste and water that can also help keep prices down”. Barry Williams, Asda’s food trading director, said: “The Sustain & Save Exchange is an important Asda programme. We want to work together with our supplier partners so we can learn from each other to increase our efficiencies and resilience to the growing challenges of resource scarcity. “At Asda, we want to build a world class supply base for the future, so we’ll be working with the most proactive suppliers on this agenda to explore how we will continue to support each other...
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...Term Paper Marketing Management (MKT201) Sec: 6 Topic: Marketing plan for Energypac Energy Saving Bulb Submitted To: Afreen Choudhury Lecturer Department of Business Administration Submitted By: Date of submission: 8th August [pic] Table of Contents |Topics |Page | |Executive Summary |4 | |Industry Analysis |5 | |Company Background |5 | |SWOT Analysis |6 | |Porter five Analysis |7 | |Product Description |8 | |Market Analysis |9 | ...
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...entrepreneurial and managerial skills and technology. FDIs complement the domestic savings in financing the capital formation in the host country. FDIs contribute to the generation of output and employment. The foreign exchange inflow augments the supply of foreign exchange, which is often scarce in the developing countries. In most cases, however, the project being set up with FDI is dependent upon imported plant and machinery, and technology. The foreign exchange -inflow takes care of these import requirements, partially or fully. The direct cost of FDI to the host country comprises remittances made on account of dividends on the equity held abroad, interest on loans or suppliers' credits extended by the foreign investors, royalties and technical fees, for transfer of technology and other services provided by the foreign partner. Unlike foreign borrowings, servicing remittances, viz., dividends in the case of FDI begin after the project starts making profits. However, the servicing burden of FDI builds up very fast, and consumes considerable foreign exchange resources of the host country. Further, these remittances have the tendency to grow over time as the enterprise consolidates and prospers. Thus, the direct impact of FDIs on the host country includes both positive and negative aspects. The favourable impact is by way of generation of output and employment by complementing the domestic savings and bringing in the much-needed entrepreneurial skills and foreign exchange...
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...THE EFFECT OF SAVINGS RATE IN CANADA The impact of savings rate in an economic has become a very conflicting issue in research and among economist all over the world. This may be due to the importance of savings generally to the economic growth and development of any nation. However, the structure of every economy cannot be generalised by a particular economics’ variation because various countries have different social security and pension schemes, and different tax systems, all of which have an effect on disposable income. In addition, the age of a country’s population, the availability and ease of credit, the overall wealth, and cultural and social factors within a country all affect savings rates within a particular country. Therefore, this paper seeks to find the effect of savings in the Canadian economy. Household saving is defined as the difference between a household’s disposable incomes mainly wages received, revenue of the self-employed and net property income and its consumption (expenditures on goods and services). The household savings rate is calculated by dividing household savings by household disposable income. A negative savings rate indicates that a household spends more than it receives as regular income and finances some of the expenditure through credit (increasing debt), through gains arising from the sale of assets (financial or non-financial), or by running down cash and deposits. Since the early-to-mid-1990s, savings rates have been stable in some...
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...December 10, 2010 Week 7 Assignment: End of Chapter Questions 1. Chapter 41.2 2. Chapter 41.7 Chapter 41.2 Definition of Security Yes, I believe that the notes issued by Co-Op were “securities”. Co-op offered the promissory notes to both members and non-members on the basis that they were an “investment program,” and they were offered at an interest rate higher than that available on savings accounts at financial institutions. I believe this note falls under an “investment contract.” An investment contract is a flexible standard for defining a security. Under the Howey test, a security exists if an investor invests money in a common enterprise and expects to make a profit from the significant efforts of others. In this case, investors bought the promissory notes, which were payable on demand and the invested money went to support Co-Ops general business operations. The investors invested their money into Co-Op and expected to make profits based on the efforts of the promoters. By definition, the notes in this case fall under investment contracts, and therefore qualify as a security. Chapter 41.7 Hoodes wins. Insider trading occurs when a company employee or a company advisor used material nonpublic information to make a profit by trading in the securities of the company. In this case, it is stated that “Hoodes did not possess material nonpublic information about Sullair when he sold or purchased the securities of the company. In the Matter...
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... One of the major contributors to the same is expected to be the young working population of the country. The working population (15-59 years) of India today largely, approximately 57%, consists of the youth (15-34 years). According to official data, India's labour force, which was 472 million in 2006, was around 526 million in 2011 and is expected to be around 653 million in 2031. In just about 3 years, 25% of the world’s working population will be Indian. Human beings tend to have a higher proportion of consumption in their childhood days, whereas, they save the most in their working years. Thus, the dependency ratio has gone down with the rise in the average savings rate. The saving rate of India has been on an increase since 2003 and currently stands at 33% of the GDP of the nation. The greater savings are expected to fuel higher investment rates contributing to growth of the nation. While the above is the supply side of the story, there are contributions from the demand side as well. The shift in demographics with rise in youth in the nation, there has been a steady rise in disposable income in the hands of individuals. This has led to a change in lifestyle of the individuals leading to growth in demand for consumption of goods to meet more than the basic needs of the individuals. In order to cater to this demand, there has been a drastic rise in consumerism in the country. Today domestic as well as international companies are all flocking to meet the Indian consumer’s...
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...open a pizza parlor in your hometown. You plan to deliver your pizzas in a four mile radius from your shop. Your annual fixed expenses are $54,000. You charge $10 for a pizza and it costs you $6 to make and deliver each pizza. Do not calculate income taxes for the purpose of this exercise. Complete the following problems: 1.Using the contribution-margin approach, what is your break-even point in pizzas? 2.What is the contribution-margin ratio? 3.Compute the break-even sales ratio using the contribution-margin ratio in your calculations. 4.Compute the number of pizzas that must be sold to earn a net profit of $60,000. Part 3: Research Report Research and define the following: A.Define personal saving. Also, differentiate between voluntary and contractual savings. B.What is the European Union (EU)? How...
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...Article Citation: Mayhew, L., & Smith, D. (2014). Personal Care Savings Bonds: A New Way of Saving Towards Social Care in Later Life. Geneva Papers on Risk & Insurance, 39(4), 668-692. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/gpp.2014.30 Main Issue of Article: The article “Personal Care Savings Bonds: A New Way of Saving Towards Social Care in Later Life” is an interesting take on a new way to pay for your elderly care after retirement. “Social care” is what most people would associate with long-term care. Personal Care Savings Bonds (PCSBs) go about it in a whole different way. The general idea is to blend a traditional savings bond with the lottery. Combining the practical long-term, safe, savings of a bond with the instant gratification of winning a large cash prize. A very large expenditure of people at the end-stages of life is the cost of their care. These costs often destroy personal savings and drain the assets a person wants to leave to their families all while still costing the government (tax payers) billions of dollars per year. PCSBs would hope to encourage more saving by individuals by introducing a lottery aspect. As with any lottery, a person would buy as many “tickets” as they would like. If their number is chosen, they would win a large cash prize. How PCBSs differ is that the bulk of the money from the ticket would go towards a guaranteed bond. As people buy more and more tickets, the amount in their PCSB account would grow. The administrators...
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... Michael Busler, Ph.D. MINICASE #2 30 Sept. 2014 Old Alfred Road Retirement Plan “Old” Alfred Road, age 70 is ready to retire and requires assessment of his fiscal status to do so. He is a widower that lives alone in a home that he has completely paid for that he wishes upon his death to bequeath to his daughter, together with any remaining assets. He wishes to preserve the savings account for unexpected expenses and emergencies, therefore he wishes to live off his investment interest which is expected to continue to grow at .09 and social security payments which will be indexed for inflation at .04. He expects to live an additional 20 years and would like his monthly spending to increase along with inflation therefore remain stable in today’s dollars. His balance sheet is as follows: Income: Initial Interest Per Month Per Year (one) Investments 180,000 .09 1,350 16,200 Savings 12,000 .05 50 600 Social Security 750 .04 750 9,000 Expenses: Per month Per Year (one) Assumed Rate of Inflation Basic Living Expenses 1500 ...
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...Recession Looms for the U.S. Economy in 2007 z 1 Introduction The recovery that began in November of 2001 is likely to come to an end in 2007. The main factor pushing the economy into recession will be weakness in the housing market. The housing market had been the primary fuel for the recovery until th e last year, as there was an unprecedented run-up in house prices since 1997. With prices now he aded downward, construction and home sales have dropped off by almost 20 percent against year ago levels. Even more importantly, borrowing against home equity, which had been the main factor fue ling consumption growth, will plummet as many homeowners lack any further equity to borrow against. The result will be a downturn in consumption spending, which together with plun ging housing investment, will likely push the economy into recession. The economy will see a subst antial net loss of jobs, with nominal wage growth slowing as the labor market weakens over the course of the year. Overview This recovery has been fueled to a very large exten t by a housing bubble, just as the second half of the nineties cycle was fueled by a stock bubble. Sin ce 1997, average house prices have risen by more than 50 percent, after adjusting for inflation. Hist orically, house prices have moved at approximately the same pace as the overall rate of inflation. 1 This unprecedented run-up has not been associated with extraordinary population or income growth...
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...I. Elements of Business Environment II. Social factors affecting acceptance and rejection of an identified product. III. Texture IV. Texture is a crucial criterion for sensory acceptance and rejection. Certain textures do seem to be universally liked, crispness, for example—perhaps through its association with freshness. Of course, to some extent, we will always prefer textures that are compatible with our dentition, and thus we would not expect infants to like hard foods. Foods that are difficult to manipulate in the mouth—such as soggy foods—are commonly disliked, as are foods that require excessive saliva and effort to swallow, such as dry, tough meat. While food texture is often cited as a reason for rejecting food, for example raw oysters, it is likely that such preferences are also a function of our prior expectations for specific foods. V. Color VI. Food color is also undoubtedly a strong influence on acceptability, but again this is likely to reflect prior expectations. Whether we prefer white (U.S.) or yellow (U.K.) butter depends on what we have eaten in the past. Some colors have been thought to be inappropriate for food. The color blue, for instance, has been suggested as a candidate for a universally inappropriate food color—after all, very few foods are naturally blue. But recent marketing of brightly and "inappropriately" colored foods for children tends to undermine this notion, since the children appear receptive to unusual colors. Removing...
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