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Science of Evalution

In: Science

Submitted By Charde1987
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1) Define the terms acid and base and know how to use these definitions to distinguish acids from bases (6.1-6.3). An acid is a compound that releases hydrogen ions, H+ in aqueous solutions that release hydroxide ions, OH, in aqueous solutions. Base is a compound that releases hydroxide ions OH-. Bases generally taste bitter and do not lend appealing flavor to foods. Aqueous solutions of bases have a slippery soapy feel.
9) Explain the role of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in causing acid rain (6.7-6.8). SO3 + H2O  H2SO4 = Sulfuric acid 4NO2 + 2H2O + O2  4HNO3 = nitric acid
13) List the different sources of NOx and of SO2 and explain the variations in the levels of these pollutants over the past 30 years (6.10). NO is formed any time that high heat causes nitrogen and oxygen gases to react: in nature, this occurs during lightning strikes and forest fires, it is difficult to track NO but SO2 can be estimated pretty accurately. Over the past 30 years the levels have dropped due to clean air emission acts and the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments.
16) Describe nitrogen saturation and its consequence for lakes (6.13). Farmers spray crops with N2 and the leftover N2 goes into rivers and lakes making them more N2 saturated.
1) Describe how water is linked to life on this planet (Introduction). Water plays a key role in cycling nutrients on our planet. The water cycle drives weather, climate and help shape the land. Water is very versatile; it dissolves and suspends many substances. Our bodies can only go days without water. Water is the only substance that you can find as a solid, liquid, and a gas.

2) Connect the electronegativity of atoms with the polarity of the bonds formed from these atoms (5.1). The greater in the difference in electronegativity between two bonded atoms, the more polar the bond is. We can use electronegativity to

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