...Curtin Business School School of Management CURTIN UNIVERSITY Singapore Campus 9797 Industrial Relations in Asia pacific region 302 Trimester 2014 Assessment 2: Individual report Name: Jeremy Tan Wen Cheng (17329381) Origin: Singapore Qualifications: Dip in Engineering, Current: Bach in Commerce International Business Date: 19 September 2014 Words: 2965 (Excluding Executive Summary, In text Citation) Question: Research, Analyse and Debate Exists a linkage between the exploitation of children, as a source of labour, and globalisation in both developing and industrialised countries? Table of Content Executive Summary…………………………………………………………………………...3 1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………... 5 2. Discussion……………………………………………………………………………. 5 2.1 Definition: What is child labour? ..................................................................... 5 2.2 Definition: What is globalisation? ………………………………………….... 6 2.3 Difference between developing and industrialised countries……………........ 6 2.3.1 Facts and background of India and Germany ………………………………... 7 2.3.2 ILO Convention no. 138 …………………………………………………….. 8 2.3.3 Perception of child labour in society ………………………………………… 8 2.3.4 Laws and how they are executed……………………………………………... 9 2.4.1 School attendance rate ……………………………………………………… 10 2.4.1 School drop-out rate ………..………………………………………………. 10 2.5.1 Structural change and the state of economy………………………………… 11 2.5.2 Digression to historical development...
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...and services, along with new channels for distribution and communication, this perspective should provide the basis for a more innovative way of practicing marketing, as well as a more globally responsible one. To these ends, a variety of texts have been assigned. These selections are designed to reorient the student toward more lasting, socially grounded, and culturally portable ideas about marketing, as well as to help each reader look at both the context of exchange and at markets themselves in a more holistic way. Course Texts All readings are required, not recommended. Article or chapter length readings will be in the course pack. While considerable care has been taken to provide some books through the library, students are strongly encouraged to buy their own copies. Several of these books are “classics” and several are current and,...
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...Title: Equality and Inclusion Assignment. Introduction “Children’s early years have been stressed as being fundamentally important to their future development and consequently to society as a whole”, (Early Years Framework, 2009). There are however multiple and diverse childhoods. This report will firstly examine legislation which has been introduced to reduce inequalities and promote social inclusion in relation to early childhood. The second section of this report will critically examine some of the sociological concepts pertaining to poverty, class, health inequalities and the harmful effects of stereotyping and prejudice. The report will also explore some of the factors that can influence and shape children’s identity and multiple identities. The third section of this report will discuss the effectiveness of government policy and how this is translated into practice. The final section will discuss practice which promotes equality and inclusion with reference to a placement task. In conclusion the report will discuss if current legislation, policy and practice is effective in demonstrating an inclusive approach. Legislation The Equality Act (2010) streamlines and strengthens the law and gives individuals greater protection from unfair discrimination and makes it easier for employers and companies to understand their responsibilities. It also sets a new standard for those who provide public services to treat everyone, with dignity and respect. There are nine protected...
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...making it possible for them to borrow money without being required any documentation, collaterals and transaction history. The purpose of this report will be to analyse how Grameen Koota institution integrates in the Indian framework of microfinance and financial inclusion. One knows the microfinance context in India has soon been dominated by Self-Help-Groups. Usually formed by 20 members, they work as a micro-bank which collect members’ savings and grant them loans. Many cultural and operational differences can be observed with the Grameen model where groups are ruled quite strictly by a MFO: savings are compulsory, loans are granted according to an inflexible logic and reimbursement are highly scheduled. Even though the Grameen classic model has seen the necessity to adapt itself – with the Grameen II model in 2001 – and in spite of India SHGs tradition, to what extent Grameen Koota strictly replicates the original Bengali Grameen model? Have the organization been inspired by Indian microfinance legacy? Is Grameen Koota model replicable? Grameen Koota background: a book, a teacher and a village Vithana M. Reddy used to run the Gurukul school in the Avalahalli village, near to Bangalore, when she read through Alex Count’s book, Give Us Credit, in 1996. President and CEO of the Grameen Foundation USA, the author related in the book, through the borrowers’ point of view, the fascinating story of Bangladesh, Mohammad Yunus and his...
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...Building Background Knowledge for Academic Achievement by Robert J. Marzano Table of Contents Chapter 1. The Importance of Background Knowledge According to the National Center for Education Statistics (2003), every day from September to June some 53.5 million students in the United States walk into classes that teach English, mathematics, science, history, and geography and face the sometimes daunting task of learning new content. Indeed, one of the nation's long-term goals as stated in the The National Education Goals Report: Building a Nation of Learners (National Education Goals Panel, 1991) is for U.S. students to master “challenging subject matter” in core subject areas (p. 4). Since that goal was articulated, national and state-level standards documents have identified the challenging subject matter alluded to by the goals panel. For example, in English, high school students are expected to know and be able to use standard conventions for citing various types of primary and secondary sources. In mathematics, they are expected to understand and use sigma notation and factorial representations. In science, they are expected to know how insulators, semiconductors, and superconductors respond to electric forces. In history, they are expected to understand how civilization developed in Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley. In geography, they are expected to understand how the spread of radiation from the Chernobyl nuclear accident has affected the present-day world. Although...
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...begins with “The fact that I am writing you in English already falsifies what I wanted to tell you.” (Drown). This epigraph in beginning by Gustavo Perez Firmat gives a clue of focusing Hispanic community. After reading the whole book my question is this book merely story telling or autobiographical? This question came to my mind by relating Diaz’s interview in Colbert’s show. Stephen Colbert, the host of show when asked him how he came to America, Diaz answered that his father first came to New York, settled here and called them over. Diaz also mentioned that he saw his dad the first time as he was away from family and once they landed to America his father took them to New Jersey which was weird according to Diaz. Same scenario was somewhat presented in beginning of Drown but through Yunior- the narrator. Diaz used the specific words and some symbols which the reader can almost feel the story as if it is real. Diaz, who was born in Santo Domingo in Dominican Republic and migrated to New Jersey when he was six; portrayed the barrios of Dominican Republican and struggling urban communities of New Jersey. Overall, he presented many themes in Drown jumping from one important chapter of life to another. For instance, poverty, cultural difference, hope of living American dream, family issues in respect of absent father and branched to immigration. However legitimacy and...
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...Arianne Cerize A. Aman The Meaning of Development: Brazil and Costa Rica Economic development is the presumed solution to absolute poverty and to many of the world's other most pressing problems. But what is development, and how do we know it when we see it? The term, development, has been used in several ways. Traditionally, it was equated with growth of per capita income. Since the 1970s, other indicators of development have become widely used by development scholars and development agencies such as the World Bank. The meeting of basic needs (or, equivalently, reduction in absolute poverty), the creation of modern employment opportunities, and the achievement of a less unequal distribution of income and farmland have all become important criteria in determining the level of development. Traditional measures of growth, especially in developing countries, may be misleading in that they fail to account for the environmental destruction that often accompanies spurts in temporary and unsustainable economic growth; and economists are devising measures of the national capital stock that includes environmental wealth. The United Nations has placed both educational attainment and health standards on equal footings with per capita income as development criteria, in the widely followed United Nations Development Program human development index (HDI). Some leading development scholars, such as Amartya Sen, Denis Goulet, and Dudley Seers, have gone further. They argue that more intangible...
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...Zaka Mahmood Ethical Concepts in Health Care Davenport University HLTH 230 Patricia Spiegel Abstract Primary health care as we see is an essential base of building our health system. Advanced development and new tools must consist of operational and supportive relations with the primary health care, along with recommending arrangements to ensure the population of their coverage as to their relevant needs, and be dependable with ethical guidelines linked to the public’s health and the health care. Heading The task of this presentation is to collaborate different issues. Consisting of new development in the health sector, critically providing more effective and indifferent health care along with an improving attitude towards the health population, mainly in developing countries. Primary health care as we see is an essential base of building our health system. Advanced development and new tools must consist of operational and supportive relations with the primary health care, along with recommending arrangements to ensure the population of their coverage as to their relevant needs, and be dependable with ethical guidelines linked to the public’s health and the health care. Most importantly, we would not like for the various advances health sector to utilize helplessly or isolate them self’s from one another, but take the effort to interact and advance complementary components of systems that have a global integrated nature. Now, we redirect to the three set of sources...
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...Necessity knows no law. Bần cùng sinh đạo tặc. In December 2008, just a few months after the U.S. financial system imploded, New York City was hit by a flurry of bank robberies. On the Monday before New Year’s, four banks were attacked in an hour-and-a-half; one daytime raid took place just steps from the Lincoln Center in downtown Manhattan. The week before, San Diego had seen four bank holdups in a single day. Criminologists wondered if the holiday spree was the first sign of a looming crime wave in recession-battered America. Take an uptick in poverty and economic misery, toss in budget cuts to police departments across the country, and that should be a blueprint for chaos—right? Except, as it turns out, the exact opposite occurred. According to FBI statistics, crime rates went down across the board in 2009. Way down. Murder, rape, robbery, assault, auto theft—plummeted, one and all. Then, this week, the FBI released preliminary data for the first six months of 2010, and again the same pattern emerged. Violent crimes and property crimes alike have been falling in every region of the country. What gives? Have experts just completely misunderstood what causes people to commit crimes? There's certainly no shortage of theories for why crime rates have gone down over the past two years. The simplest is that crime just isn’t closely related to economic conditions. Consider, after all, the two big crime epidemics in the twentieth century—the first took root in the late 1960s...
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...Fonts .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.4 Paragraphs .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.5 Language .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.6 Treatment of abbreviations .. .. .. .. .. 2.7 Quotations .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.8 Pagination .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.9 Margins .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.10 Capitalisation and bolding of words .. .. .. .. 2.11 Tables and their numbering .. .. .. .. .. 2.12 Figures, diagrams, graphs, charts, illustrations, and photographs SECTION THREE THESIS/DISSERTATION OUTLINE 3.1 Sequencing the major parts .. 3.2 Details of the preliminary items 3.3 Headings .. .. .. 3.4 Length of the thesis/dissertation 3.5 Final submission .. .. SECTION FOUR DOCUMENTATION 4.1 Documentation styles .. .. 4.2 APA style for in-text citations 4.3 APA style for references .. 4.3.1 Books .. .. .. 4.3.2 Periodicals .. .. 4.3.3 Electronic sources .. 4.3.4 Other sources .. .. 4.3.5 Legal Documents.. .. 4.3.5.1 Citation of cases.. .. 4.3.5.2 Citation of statutes.. .. Appendices .. .. .. .. .. 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 5 6 7 8 8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .....
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...ABSTRACT This report deals with the concept of Social Entrepreneurship and the work that a social entrepreneur does. The Report is a guide to learn Social Entrepreneurship through Handson experience. The Report covers my experience in starting a Social Enterprise, difficulties I encountered during the time and how to make a Social Enterprise a Viable option. This report covers everything from rise of this term Social Entrepreneur, to work done by Social Entrepreneurs, to the Entrepreneurial theories and approaches they follow or must follow. This report also describes several Social Ventures and the people behind those ventures who have brought about a positive social change. Social Entrepreneurship is a relatively new phenomenon and the excitement it has created throughout the world because of the impact it has had is tremendous. This report thus describes what learning social entrepreneurship through hands-on experience is. The Report also lists the various people I contacted for Sponsorship and the manner in which they supported the project. 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 03 ABSTRACT 04 1. SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP 06 1.1 INTRODUCTION 1.2 OBJECTIVES 1.3 METHODOLOGY 1.4 DATA COLLECTION 1.5 CHAPTER SCHEME 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 11 3. HISTORY 17 4. MODERN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP 22 5. SOME OUTSTANDING EXAMPLES 27 6. THEORIES OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP 33 7. CONCLUSION 38 8. BIBILIOGRAPHY 39 6 CHAPTER-1 SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP 1...
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...Item A and elsewhere, assess sociological explanations for ethnic differences in educational achievement. Statistics show that in Britain, young people of African-Caribbean, Bangladeshi, Pakistani and Somalian heritage are significantly underachieving in education. Children from Gypsy, Roma and traveller backgrounds are the lowest achieving of all. Processes inside school can be a key factor as to why there are ethnic differences in education achievement. The labelling theory says that teachers have different expectations of different ethnic minority groups. Gilbert (1990) found that teachers sometimes negatively label black students. Afro-Caribbean students were seen as a challenge to school authority and were therefore more likely to be excluded from school. Item A also reinforces this as it states that one possible reason for ethnic differences in educational achievement lies in the school system and that Black Caribbean boys are excluded more than any group. Gillborn calls this the ‘myth of the black challenge’. Teachers had high expectations of Asian students, which could lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy of success. In contrast, the negative labelling could result in a self-fulfilling prophecy of failure. This can lead to ethnic differences in education achievement. Outside school factors can also provide sociological explanations for ethnic differences in educational achievement. Language difference can affect achievement as language was a barrier for kids from...
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...Assess sociological explanations of ethnic differences in educational achievement. (20) Tony Lawson and Joan Garrod (2000) define ethnic groups as ‘people who share common history, customs and identity, as well as, in most cases, language and religion, and who see themselves as a distinct unit.’ When talking about culture we use terms such as customs, language and religion that is, about all of the things that are learned, shared and valued by a social group. It is a mistake to think of ethnic groups as always being defined by physical features such as skin colour. Although many ethnic minority groups in the UK are non-white, this is not applicable to all groups. According to Crystal (03), well over 100 languages are in routine use in the UK. Today, children from minority backgrounds make about21% of the pupils in English schools. The level of achievement of different ethnic groups varies greatly in Great Britain. This may be due to factors such as home background, class, language and in-school factors. Recent studies highlight the effects of racism. It is believed that ethnicity influences such factors, leading to an impact upon their education. When ethnic minority students do underachieve in education this may be explained partly by social class disadvantages and partly by educational disadvantages related specifically to their ethnicity. Although members of ethnic minorities are found throughout the UK class structure, Afro-Caribbean, Pakistani and Bangladeshi origin...
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...to Social issues * Housing and immigration are public policy issues * Daniel devotes a chapter to this question, using “Caesar vs. God” image from New Testament * Micah Shows up in both books (see below) * Differences? * Is immigration more of a “hot button” issue than housing? * If so, do we find different kinds of rhetoric? * Phil comment in class: Does Reckford focus more on system or structures or root causes (next slide) and Daniel more on individuals? * If so, do we have different kinds of solidarity in these two approaches? * Root Causes (“cycle”) of Poverty (structural analysis) (52-53) * Rhetorical device? * Cites 5 of them * “social capital” (56-58) is a rich illustration * Solidarity involves “learning” and “sensitivity” and “collaboration” (60) * Corresponding interventions/Solutions * E.g. “not charity but capital” (Clarence Jordan, cited 54) * 62-63: justice = level playing field (Sen. M. Fenwick, grandmother) * Housing is one of several interventions, but foundational (59) * Note structural components (infrastructure) of this intervention * E.g. ONE Campaign (http://www.one.org/us/) : 1% of US budget against extreme poverty * Immigration as “spiritual pilgrimage” * Religion/Public Square (ch.4) * “Do I believe in the moral teaching of my faith more than...
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...Case study C1. Oxfam Introduction: Oxfam, name formally adopt in 1965 after is abbreviation of its telegraph address, originally known as Oxford Committee for the Famine Relief. It was created in England in 1942 like many others to help during World War II. After the war Oxfam saw the need to continue helping Europe with famine and the poor, unlike others which cease to operate after the war, latter it also expanded its horizon to the rest of the world. Mission: Oxfam’s programs address the structural causes of poverty and related injustice and work primarily through local accountable organizations, seeking to enhance their effectiveness. We aim to help people directly where local capacity is insufficient or inappropriate for Oxfam’s purposes, and to assist in the development of structures which directly benefit people facing the realities of poverty and injustice Oxfam believes that poverty and powerlessness are avoidable and can be eliminated by human action and political will. The right to a sustainable livelihood, and the right and capacity to participate in societies and make positive changes to people's lives are basic human needs and rights which can be met. Oxfam believes that peace and substantial arms reduction are essential conditions for development and that inequalities can be significantly reduced both between rich and poor nations and within nations. The success of it’s grow was mainly due to many dedicated volunteers and donors who continued...
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