...Seed certification for horticultural crops: Present policy and future needs Introduction Seed is the basic input for agricultural crop production and the effectiveness of other inputs like fertilizer, irrigation etc. depends on seed quality. The production can be increased to about 20% using quality seed itself. Horticulture crops are playing significant role in nutritional improvement, food and financial security of the people of Bangladesh. In the recent years, the country has attained self sufficiency in cereal crops. But production of horticultural crops like vegetables, spices and fruits is much below the required quantity. The area and production of vegetables and spices are shown in Fig. 1 & 2 and Table 1. Seed certification is a legally sanctioned system of quality control of seeds to be placed for sale. It is the process designed to maintain and make available to the general public continuous supply of high quality seeds and propagating materials of crops to ensure the genetic, physical, physiological and health status. Seed Certification Agency is the only authorized body for certification and quality monitoring of seeds of any kinds or varieties. In Bangladesh existing legislations for quality control of seeds are: a) the Seeds Ordinance, 1977 b) the Seeds (Amendment) Act, 1997 c) the Seeds (Amendment) Act, 2005 d) the Seed Rules, 1998 e) the Nursery Guidelines, 2008 and f) decisions from the National Seed Board (NSB). The...
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...INTRODUCTION Farming is the ancient and the most common profession in Bangladesh. Most of the people of Bangladesh live in village and most of the villagers (62% manpower in agriculture1) are involved in farming. One of the main reasons of having common interest to farming is: the land is very fertile and most of the part of Bangladesh is plain. Another interesting thing is Bangladeshi people naturally good in farming. Agricultural sector is the single largest contributor to GDP. The crop sub-sector dominates the agriculture sector contributing about 72% of total production. Fisheries, livestock and forestry sub-sectors are 10.33%, 0.11% and 7.33% Respectively. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY These research objectives regarding our assignment are – ➢ To know about agriculture. ➢ To know about the Agriculture in Bangladesh ➢ To describe the Paddy Rice Sector in Bangladesh ➢ To know, Paddy Rice Production Cost in Bangladesh ➢ To find out estimates of Boro Rice in Bangladesh, 2010-2012. ➢ To describe the cost of Boro Rice Production during the April-June 2009 Harvesting Season ➢ To measure cost of Production of Boro Paddy in Comilla, 2013 ➢ To Measure cost and Return of HYV Boro Paddy in Comilla District ➢ To find out Problems of Agriculture in Bangladesh ➢ To reveal Opportunities of Agriculture in Bangladesh ➢ Recommend some necessary steps to solve the existing problems. METHODOLOGY Assigned report topic is “Measuring the cost of...
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...Letter of Transmittal March 22, 2016 Dr. Salehuddin Ahmed Faculty Masters of Business Administration BRAC University Subject: Submission of project paper on “Venture Capital Firm” Dear Sir, We are pleased to present our project paper of startup of a “Venture Capital Firm” after a long and rigorous teamwork. We have tried to integrate the knowledge that you have imparted upon us into various topics in the report. This report consists of the overview of our venture capital firm “SEED”.. We hope that you would be kind enough to have your insight in our paper .We will be glad to answer any of your queries regarding the study and report. Sincerely Yours Acknowledgement At first we would like to express our gratitude to Almighty Allah who makes us able to prepare this project paper with good health and sound mind. Then we would like to express our deepest gratitude and warmest appreciation to our research supervisor Dr. Salehuddin Ahmed, whose assistance and guidance was outstanding for the successful completion of this project paper. Without his help, it was impossible for us to complete this project paper. His excellent method of guiding helped us to understand this critical title easily. We also thanked him for kindly assigning us such a nice and significant title which we are always supposed to remember gratefully. Table of Content Section | Page No. | 1. Background and justification of the project | | 2. Objectives of the...
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...human diet. Pulses are considered as the poor people’s meat as it is the cheapest source of protein. Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.wilczek) is a summer pulse crop with short duration (50-90 days) and high nutritive value. The seeds contain 22-28 % protein,60-65 % carbohydrates, 1-1.5 % fat, 3.5-4.5 % fibers a4.5-5.5 ash, it has many effective uses, green pods in cooking as peas, sprout rich in vitamins and amino acids. This crop can be used for both seeds and forage since it can produce a large amount of biomass and then recover after grazing to yield abundant seeds. It can be used in broilers diets as a non-traditional feed. In Bangladesh, per capita daily consumption of pulses is only 13.29 g/day (BBS, 2011). While the World Health Organization (WHO) suggests consuming 45 g/day per capita pulses in Bangladesh. To maintain the supply of this level, the Government of Bangladesh has to spend a huge amount of foreign currency each year. Annual import of pulses in Bangladesh is approximately 108000 m tons (BBS, 2011). Mungbean is highly adapted to the agro-climatic condition of Bangladesh. Though the agro-ecological condition of Bangladesh is favorable for Mungbean cultivation, its area under cultivation and total production are low in this country. In Bangladesh, they can be incorporated in between rabi/wheat and transplanted aman as summer pulses during April and May having the range of long term rainfall of 8 - 15 mm. However, during this pre monsoon...
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...Letter of Transmittal May03, 2012 The Lecturer Saud Ahmed Department of Finance Jagannath University, Dhaka. Subject: To submit a report on “New-product development on- Natural Anti-insect.” Dear Sir, We are very delighted to submit the term paper on New-Product Development on Natural Anti-insect product as the course material. Our main incentive is to prepare this term paper according to your guidelines in accordance with your instructions. We have tried our best to produce our work as per your structures and hope we believe we have done an adequate job considering our level of experience and expertise and are able to relate the fundamental things with realistic applications. We are extremely grateful for the opportunities that you gave us to express our innovative ability and we earnestly hope that you will like the work that we have done. Furthermore, we stand by to answer all queries regarding our work and pledge that our New Product Development is a unique production culminated by the amalgamation of our varied skills and had work. Sincerely Yours On behalf of the group Mohammad Sakil Azad 1st year, 1st semester Roll: B110203095 Batch-6th (Finance) Acknowledgement All praise to Allah, our creator and sustainer, for giving us the strength to prepare this assignment. Our heart full thanks to our course teacher “Saud Ahmed” for giving us an important topic about the “New Product Development.” and also for giving suggestion as well as guideline,...
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...Live in Field Experience(LFE) Spring -2013 TMSS,BOGRA Education & Women Empowerment Submitted by Gazi mohammad kamrul Islam ID 0910016 Date: 03rd ,February, 2013 To K.M. Ariful Kabir Department of Engineering Independent University, Bangladesh Subject : Submission of Report on “Education and women empowerment” Dear Sir, With due respect, I am submitting our Report on the topic titled “Education and women empowerment” as a partial fulfillment of my LFE course. It’s my pleasure to inform you that we have already finished our report in a reput.It was undoubtedly an interesting opportunity for us to work on this assigned topic to enhance our knowledge in the practical field. I would like to give you thanks Our instructor K.M Ariful Kabir, Marzuk sir and also sameer sir,who have been influenced on us throughout the project and help us with all the problem,and giving us to the opportunity to do the study. This report explores our knowledge and help me to gather experience and to know the village peoples. This report has been prepared based on the practical experiences and different ideas obtained during survey in Rajakpur of Bogra..And I used secondary data to fulfill our report, which we have been attached to our report. And last thanks IUB to give us a good opportunity to know village people. And thanx also our monitor...
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...Term Paper on “Climate Change and Bangladesh” Submitted by 1.Quazi Nizam Uddin, ID-5176 2.Kazi Golam Quddus,ID-5168 MBA(F) 4th Batch , Fall semister-2010 Submitted for Mohammad Jahangir Alam Asst Professor , Jahangir Nagar University & South East University Quantitative Analysis for Business decision (Bus-5119) Introduction As a part of our MBA course program we have to submit a term paper. As our course teacher selected the topics “Climate Change and Bangladesh”. Accordingly we have to write on this topic. Climate change is a long-term change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods of time that range from decades to millions of years. It may be a change in the average weather conditions or a change in the distribution of weather events with respect to an average, for example, greater or fewer extreme weather events. Climate change may be limited to a specific region, or may occur across the whole Earth. In recent usage, especially in the context of environmental policy, climate change usually refers to changes in modern climate. It may be qualified as anthropogenic climate change, more generally known as global warming or anthropogenic global warming Bangladesh is frequently cited as one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change because of its disadvantageous geographic location, flat and low-lying topography...
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...INTRODUCTION Bangladesh is a country with a population of about 150 million; population density being the highest in the world. Agriculture still remains the mainstay in national economy despite rapid industrialization. It plays a significant role in the overall economic development of Bangladesh in terms of contribution to GDP (19.79%), employment (63%), export (15%), food security and poverty reduction. Over the past 50 years, per capita arable land dropped to 0.06 ha. Growing enough food for such a large and growing population with shrinking land is a daunting task. The country has only 8.20 million hectares of agricultural land. In the last two decades, Bangladesh made a significant progress in cereal production. The cereal production has increased from 11.00 million tons in 1971 to almost 30.00 million tons in 2006. Ninety eight per cent of food comes from agriculture. In spite, the food grain production in Bangladesh is facing great challenges due to increasing population, decreasing agricultural land, depleting natural resource base, climate change etc. Rice is the main crop that covers nearly 75% of cropped area contributing over 95% of total food grain production. It provides about 65 percent of direct human calorie intake. It is considered as the center of food security and socio-political stability. Major challenges in agriculture are to overcome the stress like pest and diseases or climatic hazards like submergence, salinity, drought, heat, cold, soil toxicity...
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...However Fazle Abed's family moved out of Calcutta and he matriculated from Pabna Zilla School and went on to complete his higher secondary education from Dhaka College. Then He left home to attend Glasgow University, where, and in an effort to break away from tradition and do something radically different - he studied Naval Architecture. Later he joined the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants in London. The 1971 Liberation War of Bangladesh had a profound effect on him, then in his thirties, a professional accountant who was holding a senior corporate executive position at Shell Oil. The war dramatically changed the direction of his life; he left his job and moved to London to devote himself to Bangladesh's War of Independence. There, he helped to initiate a campaign called "Help Bangladesh" to organize funds to raise awareness about the war in Bangladesh. Fazle Hasan Abed, the founder and chairperson of the world's largest NGO, he is to be knighted by the Queen of England for his services to alleviating poverty in Bangladesh and abroad. Abed is the first Bangladeshi to receive the honour since 1947, though he is the second person in his family to be knighted. In 1913 his great uncle, Justice Nawab Sir Syed Shamsul Huda also received a knighthood. Sir Fazle has received numerous national and international awards for his...
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...Multinational Environment- Bangladesh Submitted by: Niraj Kharel MBA 4th trimester Business Strategy Introduction Bangladesh is emerging as a country capable of producing advanced products like pharmaceuticals, ships and electronics. The world’s eighth largest country in terms of population with approximately 160 million inhabitants will most likely remain heavily dependent on labor-intensive and export-oriented industries for the foreseeable future. However, this is only part of the picture, as an increasing number of companies today look on Bangladesh as a market with growing potential. There are of course still a number of challenges experienced by companies doing business in Bangladesh. Bangladesh has immense potential; people have a positive frame of mind; while the main bottlenecks are to be found in the volatility in the macro & political environment and there are several multinational environmental factors which are discussed below: 1. Government laws, regulation and policies of Bangladesh The government of Bangladesh (GOB) gradually developed seed laws, policies, and regulations for the seed sector that eventually, through various amendments, expanded regulatory oversight over both the private and public sector, and all seed varieties and the governments’ laws, regulation and policies are: * Monetary and Fiscal Policy: The regulation of the money supply and interest rates by a central bank, such as the Central Bank of Bangladesh in order to control inflation...
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...The Dream behind Shwapno Standing motionless, raising head to the open sky, staring aimlessly, having tears rolled inside the heart, expecting for customers, who will approach followed by purchasing the product, but returning home selling his merchandise at below the production cost most often leaving those merchandise unsold at the end of the day due to lack of buyer, a farmer from a typical Bazar in Bangladesh passes his everyday for his livelihood. There are millions of farmers scattered across Bangladesh have this sort of gruesome and untold experience in their life leading them to take different such unproductive occupation as pulling rickshaw, thus dragging our agro based economy to down and making us more dependent on imported food. Ironically, most of us do not know that silent cry is going in the families of those hapless farmers. Most farmers spend their day in suspicion thinking whether they can sell their products at fair price as well as sell those all, even if they have bumper production in their field. Hardly do they get fair price and sell those altogether, ironically. What a great humiliation for farmers, who work all day long under scorching sun devoting his happiness and meet the daily vegetable and grain needs of urban people. Likewise, fisherman and meat producer encounter this type of fate in their life. Most of the farmers, fisherman and meat producer of our country are the victim of typical interest business “Dadan”, which exploit them instead of benefiting...
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...FINAL GROUP REPORT ON “RADHUNI” [pic] Letter of Transmittal 27th April, 2010 Sumon, Stanley Rodrick The course teacher Principle of management American International University Bangladesh Banani, Dhaka-1213. Subject: Submission of report. Dear Sir, It is our great pleasure to put forward this report that you assigned us on “A study on a Brand” which is the “RADHUNI”. We have tried our best to bring about our research objective effectively. Under your supervision we have completed our respective job. In our observation we tried to find out the present situation and try to present in our report. By doing this report we have learned many things that will help us in the future. This is a real life report so that we will always be available for any supplementary that may oblige. We are giving you thanks again for giving us a chance to present a report to you and hope it will positively help us. Yours Sincerely, • Roy,Supta • Siju,Mariyam Akhter • Shanta,Sharmin Shahin • Ahmed,Salvana • Chowdhury,Farzana Mustafa Acknowledgement i) Acknowledgement: First of all we would like to thank the Almighty for giving us the time, patience, energy and will power to finish this assignment. Then we would like to thank our course instructor Mr. Sumon, Stanley Rodrick for making us do this assignment...
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...of the endangered minor carp species of Bangladesh. L. bata is distributed throughout Indian subcontinent including Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Myanmar and also Pakistan (Talwar and Jhingran, 1991; Devi and Ali, 2013). This fish is commercially important and target species for commercial small and large scale fishers in Bangladesh. It is also used by both culture and capture fisheries nowadays. L. bata is highly popular in the market because of its high nutritional value, good taste and qualities (Bhuiyan, 1964). This fish contains about 15.42% of protein and 3.73% of lipid (Ahmed et al., 2012). L. bata is a freshwater fish in Bangladesh. This species is a non-migratory fish and remains...
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...Oxfam in Bangladesh [pic] Background of Oxfam International. [pic] Countries with Oxfam members in green and countries with Oxfam observer members in purple. Oxfam International is a confederation of eleven non-governmental development agencies, which finances development initiatives in 52 of the poorest countries around the world and engages in strategic development funding partnerships with communal, local and regional Non-Governmental Organizations, whose development and advocacy projects Oxfam support and whose cause Oxfam try to champion in the North. Background Oxfam International (OI) is a confederation of 13 organizations working together with over 3,000 partner organizations in more than 100 countries to find lasting solutions to poverty, suffering and injustice. Currently Ol, with an objective to ensure Economic Justice, has initiated a global campaign with national focuses. Bangladesh has been selected as one of the ten focus countries across the globe. This has resulted into the Campaign for Sustainable Rural Livelihoods (CSRL) in Bangladesh with a view to seeing that more women and men living in poverty with vulnerable livelihoods in rural areas will realize their right to secure sustainable livelihoods. This will require Oxfam to contributing to equality with growth, the empowerment of women and men to demand their economic rights, and reducing the vulnerability of poor women and men. Under the framework- agriculture...
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...economic indicators of Bangladesh economy Introduction The Bangladesh economy has experienced both macro-economic stability and robust economic growth following the transition to a democratic rule in the early of 1990s. In the backdrop of the deep macro-economic crisis of the late 1980s, a series of stabilization measures were introduced in the Bangladesh economy which largely restored macro-economic stability in the early 1990s. Economic growth in Bangladesh averaged 6.3 percent during financial year (FY) 04-07. The economy has once again proved its resilience in achieving stronger than expected growth despite having to contend with the adverse effects of unfavorable weather conditions in financial year (FY) 04, the subsequent sharp price increase in oil and other essential imported commodities and periods of political unrest and uncertainty. Sustained gross domestic production (GDP) growth coupled with strong growth in exports and remittance has led to a marked improvement in the fiscal and balance of payments position and substantial improvements in the economic fundamentals necessary for macroeconomic stability. However, the rise in the inflation rate and further evidence of income inequality have tempered growth's direct impact on the quality of life. Macro Economic indicators In the past decade, Bangladesh enjoyed a positive growth rate in GDP and other macro economic indicators. As the most densely populated country in the world, Bangladesh is facing the problems...
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