...Diagnosis and Treatment of Separation Anxiety Disorder CASE STUDY 6 CLIENT DETAILS Diagnosis: Separation Anxiety Disorder. Age: 6 years. Client Gender: Male. Initial Consultation: 20th May 2011. Number of Sessions: 12 sessions. Place of Treatment: The agency. Treatment Approach: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy. Treatment Mode: Weekly one hour sessions. Referral Information The client’s mother referred her son to the agency because he was suffering from anxiety. He was resisting going to go to school and becoming distressed when his parents tried to leave him at home. Presenting Problem The client attended his first assessment session with his mother. He was of average size and weight for his age and was neatly dressed. Initially, he behaved in an anxious manner hiding and peering out from behind his mother. However as the session progressed his mood became more relaxed and he was able to speak with the provisional psychologist about school activities and friends. When asked why he didn’t want to go to school he said it was ‘boring’. He said he didn’t want to eat at school because he ‘didn’t feel hungry and was scared of feeling sick’. The client’s speech was clear and articulate. The client did not want to stay with the provisional psychologist for the WISC IV testing but agreed to, if the door was left open, and his mother could sit in the next room, which enabled the testing to be completed. The client was highly motivated to complete...
Words: 3586 - Pages: 15
...recognized that race, culture, ethnicity, or a combination of these may account for differences in the manifestation of anxiety disorders. Nonetheless, anxiety disorders among African Americans are under-researched (Lambert, S. F., Cooley, M. R., Campbell, K. M., Benoit, M. Z., & Stansbury, R. (2004), particularly regarding African American youth. The available adult literature indicates that African Americans experience more phobias, panic disorders, and an isolate4d sleep paralysis relative to the general population (Lambert, S. F., Cooley, M. R., Campbell, K. M., Benoit, M. Z., & Stansbury, R. (2004) African Americans’ presentation of anxiety disorders, particularly panic disorder, differs from European Americans Lambert, S. F., Cooley, M. R., Campbell, K. M., Benoit, M. Z., & Stansbury, R. (2004). (). Moreover, African American adults are less likely to obtain mental health services for their anxiety disorders, even when socio-demographic factors are controlled (Lambert, S. F., Cooley, M. R., Campbell, K. M., Benoit, M. Z., & Stansbury, R. (2004). Instead, African American adults suffering from emotional distress are more likely to seek help from medical professionals than Whites, possibly due to differences in the interpretation of anxiety symptoms (Lambert, S. F., Cooley, M. R., Campbell, K. M., Benoit, M. Z., & Stansbury, R. (2004). The literature explaining anxiety problems in African American children has primarily focused on fears and suggests that the quantity, structure, and...
Words: 1277 - Pages: 6
...What is Separation Anxiety? Separation anxiety is a normal part of developmental stage usually develops during the last few months of infancy especially when they are separated from the primary caregiver. According to M.D. Consolini, separation anxiety “typically begins at about 8 mo, peaks in intensity between 10 and 18 months, and generally resolves by 24 months.” During this time, children will show varying emotions such as crying, fear and distressed as the parent leaves. During the early stage of infancy, child becomes familiarized and comfortable with their primary givers and feels safe around them. As they get older, the lack of familiarity makes them feel threatened and unsafe. Separation anxiety...
Words: 753 - Pages: 4
...Many people do not understand the dangers of stress. Stress can cause psychosomatic disorders, and psychosomatic disorders develop anxiety, depression, and alopecia areata. Research has shown that therapy is the best way to treat psychosomatic disorders. Anxiety is a severe condition caused by stress, it is also a constant fear of one’s worries, and responsibilities. Work, school, and social interactions overwhelm a person who suffers from anxiety. In addition to feeling overwhelmed, one also experiences panic attacks, constant tension, and insomnia. Research has proven that cognitive behavioral therapy helps identify what causes one’s anxiety and how to overcome it. The National Institute of Mental Health (2016) stated, “Cognitive behavioral...
Words: 458 - Pages: 2
...psychological disorders. The main difference between Neurosis and psychosis is that the client will understand and recognise that they have a problem, they will be able to function in everyday life and be completely aware of reality, usually neurosis is linked to stress and anxiety. Neurosis can have an effect on a person’s emotional and physical wellbeing and can be a viscous circle as it has more impact on the person their stress and anxiety can grow. Neurosis are classified as the following: Generalised anxiety disorder – a long term situation that causes a person to feel anxious and worried about many situations. Panic disorders – symptoms can be stress and anxiety on a very regular basis and accompanied by panic attacks. Phobia – this when a person responds to something in a negative or scared way. This could be fear of flying, heights or many other things. Obsessive compulsive disorder – this is where a thought or thing causes someone stress and anxiety to the point where it becomes obsessive. It will trigger a repetitive reaction of some sort which at the time will ease the person’s anxiety. Unfortunately, this will quickly pass and the cycle will start again. Separation anxiety – a common childhood neurosis where the child becomes distressed when their parent is away from them. Post – Traumatic stress disorder – this is a neurosis brought about by a person experiencing an extremely traumatic disaster. Psychosomatic disorder – a physical disorder thought to be made...
Words: 1322 - Pages: 6
...In reflecting on the article Screening for anxiety disorders in children the authors, Ellin Simon and Susan Bogels, made many excellent discoveries and brought to light many new ideas that will help diagnose and treat children who suffer from mental disorders. The premise of their research was to examine the effectiveness of screening methods for mental disorders in school age children, differentiate between different disorders, and predict disorders that may arise in children. The mental disorders, as described in the article, that have the greatest impact on children are separation anxiety, social phobia, and panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, specific phobia, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Throughout the article the authors referenced two types of screenings, the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders and the Anxiety Disorder Interview Schedule, that are used to detect these mental disorders. The effects that anxiety disorders can have on an individuals quality of life can be detrimental if they are not diagnosed early and treated properly. The earlier mental disorders can be detected, more specifically in children, the more likely chance there is that treatment can have a greater influence on the individuals life, helping them work through the disorder and having an overall better quality of life. According to the article “the decrease in quality of life, together with the need for treatment place a burden on society via indirect and direct...
Words: 1098 - Pages: 5
...LIVING WITH PTSD: THE WOUND THAT NEVER HEALS by C. J. On a cool September day in 2007, my entire life changed. That day I shot and killed a young man as he attempted to break into my home. The incident took place on a Friday afternoon, and the perpetrator subsequently died in the hospital two days later. My family and friends were there to help me through the ordeal but life soon returned to normal for them. Unfortunately, I can’t say the same about my own life. My immediate reaction was a combination of sadness, anger, guilt, fear, and shock about what had happened. Being a US Air Force veteran, I took part in Desert Shield/Desert Storm and never had to pull a gun on anyone. I never dreamed I would end up having to shoot someone in my own home. Everyone around me told me I shouldn’t feel bad that the perpetrator died because I was protecting my family. Though it sounded perfectly logical, the guilt was eating me alive. For the first couple of months after the shooting, I operated in pure fear. I became paranoid and hyper-vigilant. Every noise I heard in the night made me jump even though they were the same familiar sounds I heard every night, such as the refrigerator motor turning off and on. But what disturbed me more was that I was afraid of noises I heard during broad daylight also. The shooting happened at approximately 1:30pm in my back yard outside my family room window which I no longer enjoyed but had to pass by daily. After a few months of living in fear, I just went...
Words: 1410 - Pages: 6
...Acute Stress Disorder Brett D. Klawitter Liberty University Abstract Acute Stress Disorder or ASD is a phenomenon that happens during or shortly after a traumatic event. It can affect people in many different ways but it is usually debilitating for up to one month. There has been controversy and stigma attached to the diagnosis of ASD since it was first added to the DSM-IV. This paper will illustrate the definition of ASD, the diagnostic guidelines, the difference between ASD and Acute Stress Reaction (ASR), symptoms and effective treatments, the impact of ASD and the coping skills needed to successfully get through it, and a biblical story and perspective about stress disorders. What is ASD and is it an appropriate response to trauma? Key words: Acute Stress Disorder, Acute Stress Response, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, DSM-IV, DSM-V, Symptoms, Treatment, God Acute Stress Disorder Introduction Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) was introduced in the DSM-IV as a way to describe reactions a short time after a traumatic event, usually within the first month and possible precursor to Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). ASD is the official diagnosis to evaluate the Acute Stress Response (ASR) but there are some differences. ASD is defined as symptoms that manifest during the time period of two days to four weeks after a traumatic event. There has been some changes to ASD as the DSM has been updated in the past year to DSM-V. Also it is important to mention that ASD is...
Words: 3183 - Pages: 13
...grieving before the actual loss occurs. * Bereavement overload- this is particularly true for elderly individuals who may be experiencing numerous losses- such as spouse, friends, other relatives, independent functioning, home, personal possessions, and pets in a relatively short time as grief accumulates a type of bereavement overload occurs which for some individuals presents an impossible task of grief work. * Ego defense mechanisms-defense mechanisms employed by the ego in the face of threat to biological or psychological integrity identified by Anna Freud 1953. Some of these are more adaptive than others, but all are used either consciously or unconsciously as protective devices for the ego in an effort to relieve mild to moderate anxiety. * Projection: Attributing feelings or impulses unacceptable to one’s self to another person. * Undoing: Symbolically negating or canceling out an experience that one finds intolerable. * Solation: Separating a thought or memory from the feeling, tone, or emotion associated with it. * Suppression: The voluntary blocking of unpleasant feelings and experiences from one’s awareness. * Introjection: Integrating the beliefs and values of another individual into one’s own ego structure. *...
Words: 11566 - Pages: 47
...CHILD ANXIETY 1 Child Anxiety Jeremy L. Hoellein September 30, 2012 Bellevue University CHILD ANXIETY 2 Child Anxiety When discussing anxiety in children, there are three main anxiety disorders that are unique to children alone. These disorders are separation anxiety, selective mutism, and reactive attachment disorder. While anxiety can be seen as a normal part of childhood and learning to adapt to new surroundings and situations, for some children, this anxiety can be persistent and intense. Furthermore, this persistent anxiety can lead to interfering with the child's ability to make new friends, trouble in school, and trouble with sleeping. Separation anxiety can occur in a child when a parent or caregiver leaves the room or even when they are dropping their child off to a daycare or preschool environment. Most of the time, separation anxiety will diminish the more the child gets acclimated to their new surroundings and environment. If separation anxiety persists, the child may also have fears of something bad happening to their parents while they are not around. Symptoms of separation anxiety include: excessive distress when separated from a caregiver, nightmares, reluctance to go to school or go to sleep without the caregiver nearby, and repeated physical complaints (Stafford...
Words: 967 - Pages: 4
...Wyborny, Sheila. "What Are Anxiety Disorders." Anxiety Disorders. Detroit, MI: Lucent, 2009. N. pag. Print. Wyborny describes what it is like to have anxiety. she describes it as an emotion, warning you that a situation may not be safe. Anxiety means “to press tight” or “to strangle” and as you read you find out that those words correspond with the symptoms of anxiety, such as tightness in neck and chest, heavy perspiration, rapid heartbeat. Sheila explains that anxiety can be triggered when in fearful situations or things that cause abnormal fear to you such as phobias (Wyborny). This was a good source because it had a lot of details and explained it very clearly, it helped paint a picture of what it's like to have an anxiety disorder....
Words: 1173 - Pages: 5
...paper on Anxiety Disorder Jeffrey S. Fletcher, M.A. Kathleen B. Stinger Psychopathology and Counseling, Coun 656 4, May 2014 Author Note Jeffrey S. Fletcher, Student, Liberty University. Correspondence concerning this paper should be addressed to Jeffrey S. Fletcher, Jfletcher1@liberty.edu Abstract This research paper is designed to review articles and books of professional journals in anxiety disorders, definition of anxiety disorder, review of current and past treatments of anxiety disorders, the new section and changes to anxiety disorder in the DSM-5, new treatments for anxiety disorders and medications for anxiety disorders. This paper will show spiritual considerations for treating anxiety disorders and how religion can improve one’s condition. It will show how CBT treatment of anxiety disorders have not been very successful and how medication has its limitations in treatment of anxiety disorders. This paper will also show what this clinician has learned and will take forward into the daily practice of treating adolescents with anxiety disorders. Keywords: anxiety, anxiety disorders, DSM-5, treatment Introduction When we talk about anxiety we have to distinguish between healthy anxiety or normal anxiety and anxiety disorders. It is normal to have a certain amount of anxiety for instance when one is in danger it is normal to become anxious. To have an anxiety disorder your anxiety would have to interfere with your life in a negative way. Anxiety and fear...
Words: 3890 - Pages: 16
...Effects Parents Have On Their Anxious Children D’Aundrea Williams Word Count: 1732 Effects Parents Have On Their Anxious Children Regardless of who you are, no individual is perfect. Just as a normal child you suffer from enough through experiences of your environment and the people you interact with. Now imagine living life with an anxiety disorder and your everyday hardships. Disorders make life much harder, and finding ways to cope are even harder. Scientists have done studies to show that not only does the child’s school environment affect their level of anxiety but so does the parent to child relationship. Is it up to the child figuring their own mechanisms or should their parents be more involved? Introduction A group of scientists wanted to focus on the parent’s latency control and reinforcement of a child’s anxious behavior. Research has shown that parents encourage avoidance in anxious situations and that parents and children together shapes ways to reinforce a child’s anxiety. (Aschenbrand, S. G., & Kendall, P. C. 2012). Gathered information from other studies has shown that when parents express their fears and show anxious behavior, children will also express those same emotions. Parents dealing with anxious children are more likely to expect their children to be avoidant, to have poor coping abilities, and less likely to succeed (Aschenbrand, S. G., & Kendall, P. C. 2012). Although this is...
Words: 1856 - Pages: 8
...DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY 29:320–327 (2012) Klein Award Winner CHILDHOOD SEPARATION ANXIETY DISORDER AND ADULT ONSET PANIC ATTACKS SHARE A COMMON GENETIC DIATHESIS Roxann Roberson-Nay, Ph.D.,1 ∗ Lindon J. Eaves, Ph.D.,1,2 John M. Hettema, M.D.,1 Kenneth S. Kendler, M.D.,1,2 and Judy L. Silberg, Ph.D.1,2 Background: Childhood separation anxiety disorder (SAD) is hypothesized to share etiologic roots with panic disorder. The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic and environmental sources of covariance between childhood SAD and adult onset panic attacks (AOPA), with the primary goal to determine whether these two phenotypes share a common genetic diathesis. Methods: Participants included parents and their monozygotic or dizygotic twins (n = 1,437 twin pairs) participating in the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development and those twins who later completed the Young Adult Follow-Up (YAFU). The Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment was completed at three waves during childhood/adolescence followed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IIIR at the YAFU. Two separate, bivariate Cholesky models were fit to childhood diagnoses of SAD and overanxious disorder (OAD), respectively, and their relation with AOPA; a trivariate Cholesky model also examined the collective influence of childhood SAD and OAD on AOPA. Results: In the best-fitting bivariate model, the covariation between SAD and AOPA was accounted for by genetic and unique environmental...
Words: 5915 - Pages: 24
...Anxiety (Symptoms of anxiety and the appropriate treatments): Anxiety Vs Phobia Phobia is a kind of anxiety What is anxiety? It refers to several disorders that cause nervousness, fear, apprehension, and worrying. In particular, it arises when something is out of a person's expectation in certain situation. * very common * mild (give rise to slight unsettling) * severe (Can interfere a person's ability or daily behavior ==> disorder) Common disorders concerning anxiety: * Generalized Anxiety Disorder(non-specific) * Phobia (avoidance of certain objects) * Social Anxiety Disorder * Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (need certain actions to relieve their anxiety) * Separation Anxiety Disorder(form a place or person) * Post-traumatic Stress Disorder(from previous trauma) Symptoms of anxiety: * symptoms can vary from adult to children, male to female, person to person as well. **anxiety symptoms are symptoms and sensation of stress, instead of harbingers of something more serious Process of anxiety: When we are anxious, our body changes how it functions (fight or...
Words: 870 - Pages: 4
