...Robert Baral**COUNSELING**case study – Depression**4/02/2004 AD**page 1 case study: DEPRESSION Robert Baral 4/02/2004 AD Robert Baral**COUNSELING**case study – Depression**4/02/2004 AD**page 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. PRESENTATION OF THE PATIENT II. ASSESSMENT OF THE PATIENT III. THERAPY FOR THE PATIENT IV. PLAN OF CARE V. BIBLICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR INTERVENTION VI. FINAL OBSERVATIONS Robert Baral**COUNSELING**case study – Depression**4/02/2004 AD**page 3 I. PRESENTATION OF THE PATIENT We are presented with an elderly woman with a history of long term Multiple Sclerosis, married 40 years, presenting with severe depression and suicidal gestures. The patient agreed to therapy on the advice of 1 of her 3 sons for the complaint of “difficulty relating to her husband.” The patient raised her 3 now adult sons mostly by herself due to her husband’s 20 year career in the Merchant Marines. The patient had periods of severe anger towards her husband apparently because of his alleged lack of emotional support and love. When she engaged in self harm to gain his attention, that having failed, the patient apparently progressed to increasingly severe forms of suicidal gesturing. The husband’s response was, not to offer the emotional attention and love the patient craved, but rather to arrange for commitment of his wife to a psychiatric facility. The patient and her husband had recently moved 60 miles from their long time home where she had a school support job that yielded great satisfaction...
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...Sometimes people have troubles dealing with everyday life issues, Applied behavioral science uses Psychological knowledge to help people form coping skills to enhance and maintain quality of life. Behavioral science helps analyzes and investigate human behavior, why we think the way we do, do the things we do, say the things we say, and why we feel a certain way. The case study I chose is severe depression from the Clinical Psychology perspective and is about Joe, his family history and his circumstances. As a Psychologist you need to know how to define clinical depression, identify potential sources or causes of severe depression, know the symptoms, be familiar with Psychological theories, and know relevant trends, pros and cons of medication, steps to take to build a good rapport with your client, know what you are responsible for ethically. We all probably know someone who is severely depressed because, Clinical depression affects millions of people each year (University of Pittsburgh, N.D.). If clinical depression is left untreated it can have serious consequences (it could be life threatening). So it is very important that not only Psychologists are well informed on this topic but we all should be. Clinical depression is a mood disorder making someone sad, angry, feeling of loss or frustration that affects their everyday life (Davey, 2011). This kind of depression affects every aspect of your life and does not just go away. You can’t just be happy or cheered up...
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...Application of Clinical Pychology PSY/480 Application of Clinical Psychology Clinical psychologist are often treating people with mental illness and patients who suffer from severe psychiatric disorders. Clinical psychologist are involved with helping people with abnormal behavior and who may be suffering from psychological distress. Patients are often individualized by psychological, biological and social factors of their case. Clinical psychologist work very close with their patients to help assess and diagnose which psychological disorder they are suffering from. Case Overview As we examine the case of Martha, who suffers from severe depression and borderline personality disorder, a clinical psychologist uses the Rorschach method to possibly provide treatment. Martha is 24 years old and a biracial women. Her psychiatrist has referred her for psychological testing. Martha has been in the hospital several times due to depression and suicide attempts. She has been diagnosed with major depression as well as borderline personality disorder. She is only taking test because her father and psychiatrist are in her words “making me do this”. Martha is given several cards to examine. Only one of the few tools helping diagnose patients. (Contemporary clinical psychology, 2011) Level Two Heading Replace the level two heading with the words for your heading. The heading must be in bold font. Interventions Major Depression Disorder (MDD) has symptoms that overlap with those...
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...The association of Trauma and Somatic symptoms: the efficacy of Somatic Psychotherapy Review Literature The goal of this literature is to investigate the efficacy of utilizing Somatic Therapy for deeper understanding, and better treatment, of trauma impact, through the association of somatic symptoms with trauma exposure. A biopsychosocial perspective of conceptualizing the impact of trauma on individuals would contribute to a new perspective of this association with somatic symptoms- specifically ones that do not have identifiable medical pathology. The Association between past Traumatic events and later manifested Somatic Symptoms In an earlier review of the relationship between medical symptoms- without identified pathology- and psychiatric...
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... INTRODUCTION According to Richard (2011), everyone, adults, teens, and even children experiences stress at different time. Stress can be beneficial by helping people develop the skills they need to cope with and adapt to new and potentially threatening situations throughout life. However, the beneficial aspects of stress diminish when it is severe enough to overwhelm a person's ability to take care of themselves and family. Using healthy ways to cope and getting the right care and support can put problems in perspective and help stressful feelings and symptoms subside. Stress can be defined as a condition that is often characterized by symptoms of physical or emotional tension. It is a reaction to a situation where a person feels threatened or anxious. Stress can be positive (e.g., preparing for a wedding) or negative (e.g., dealing with a natural disaster). Sometime after experiencing a traumatic event that is especially frightening including personal or environmental disasters, or being threatened with an assault - people have a strong and lingering stress reaction to the event. Strong emotions, jitters, sadness, or depression may all be part of this normal and temporary reaction to the stress of an overwhelming event. The paper seeks to examine how stress affect people, types of stress, causes of stress, effect of stress, signs and symptoms of stress, managing stress and finally draws conclusion 1.1 TYPES OF STRESS AND IT EFFECT ON HUMAN BEING 1. Acute Stress:...
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...long history of research analysis proves the efficacy of antidepressants, but there are those who will falsely interpret clinical trials, or pool together selected studies to justify their claims. Scientists will agree that there are many flaws with antidepressant research, but with ever increasing new ways to re-test old research, the evidence of positive improvements are becoming harder to deny. This report shows that even though scientists are trying to disprove the effectiveness of antidepressants, the evidence of the scientific facts prove that antidepressants work for depression. Table of Contents List of Figures and Tables iv Glossary of Terms v General Information vii Thesis Statement vii Report Audience vii Author’s Purpose vii Argumentative Requirements Fulfillment Statement vii Introduction 1 Americans and Depression 2 Background of Depression and Antidepressants 4 Depression 4 Antidepressants 5 Depression Scale 5 Clinical Trials 6 Claims..................... 6 The Truth ......................................................................................................................................6 Prescribing methods 8 Placebo Effect 8 Efficacy of Antidepressants 9 Antidepressants and Levels of Depression 9 New Research 10 Pharmaceutical Companies 10 References 13 List of Figures and Tables Table 1. Depression Statistics…………………………………………………………………....3 Table 2. FDA Drug Review Steps Simplified…………………………………………………...11 Glossary...
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...TREATMENT OF DEPRESSION 1 What are specialist mental health clinician attitudes to guideline recommendations for the treatment of depression in young people? Bernard Brown PSY326: Research Methods Professor Mahaliah Bowman-Campbell November 25, 2013 TREATMENT OF DEPRESSION 2 Thesis Statement There is a high prevalence of depressive disorders in children and adolescents up to 18 years of age and these disorders have a significant negative impact on social and occupational functioning. What are specialist mental health clinician attitudes to guideline recommendations for the treatment of depression in young people? TREATMENT OF DEPRESSION 3 Sarah E. Hetrick, Magenta Simmons, Andrew Thompson, and Alexandra G. Parker conducted a study and researched the question of “What are specialist mental health clinician attitudes to guideline recommendations for the treatment of depression in young people?” and published the results of the research in Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, Date: November 1, 2011. The research took place at Orygen Youth Health (OYH). OYH is the public youth mental health service for young people aged...
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...Major Depression and Suicide Kathy Lightsey AB200 Introduction to Applied Behavioral Science Carol Abraham Nov. 03, 2014 Major Depression and Suicide The word depression is used for a wide range of mental states. On one side are passing moods of disappointments, regrets, or anxiety that almost everyone experience one time or another. On the other side there are symptoms which are described by many psychiatrists as clinical depression. This is a lingering feeling of despair that last for weeks at a time. Normally when a doctor or psychiatrists make a diagnosis of clinical depression is when a person suffers from most or all of a group of symptoms for longer than two weeks. Depression is the common cold of psychological problems. People with the run-of-the-mill depression may feel sad, blue, or “down in the dumps.” They may complain of lack of energy, loss of self-esteem, difficulty concentrating, loss of interest in activities, and other people ( Nezlek et al., 2000), uncontrollable crying, and thoughts of suicide. These feelings are more intense in people such as Joe in our course case study with major depressive disorder (MDD). According to the nationally representative sample of more than 9,000 adults in the United States, MDD affected 6% to 7% of the people within any given year, and one person in six over the course of their lives (Kessler, 2003). About half of those with MDD experience sever symptoms such poor appetite, serious weight loss, and agitation or psychomotor...
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...using a transdiagnostic approach in cognitive behaviour therapy and it’s relevance in current practice. I will discuss the theory and evidence for using a transdiagnostic approach and highlight the main processes. A discussion on the strengths and limitations of the approach will conclude the first part of the paper. The second part will be a review of personal clinical work discussing the transdiagnostic process and its hypothesised effectiveness. To conclude the author will provide a personal reflection. There has been a long widely accepted claim for the effectiveness of CBT with prolific amount of evidence for it’s effectiveness for Depression, Anxiety and Mood disorders (Roth & Fongy, 1995) Models such as cognitive therapy for depression (Beck, Rush, Shaw, & Emery, 1979), panic disorder (Clark, 1986,), posttraumatic stress disorder (Clark & Ehlers, 2004); and obsessive-compulsive disorder (Salkovskis, 1989) have led to disorder-specific interventions for treating common mental health problems. The benefits of devising a model on specific disorders is the high degree of research and comparable data involved; from that the therapist will be highly trained in the use of the model to deliver the approach for each disorder (Salkovskis 2002). Disorder specific models are seen to be easily delivered, able to define a number of sessions, which have positive implications for health economics and seem to correlate with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders....
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...Abnormal Psychology and Therapy Paper David Brown, Charles Hodge PSY/300: General Psychology Susan Bonnell June 2, 2015 University of Phoenix Abnormal Psychology and Therapy Paper Abnormal psychology is the study of unusual behavior, thoughts, and emotion by members of a society (American Psychological Association, 2015). To meet the definition of abnormal, the behavior, actions, or thoughts must be atypical of the culture (Kowalski & Westen, 2011). Herein is where the challenge lies, due to the fact that our world encompasses many cultures and definitions of normal are significantly different from one region to the next. The paper will provide examples of abnormal psychology in the form of mental disorders and illnesses. Additionally, treatments for these disorders and illnesses will be discussed. Normal and Abnormal Psychology Normal and abnormal psychology can differ by culture. One’s normal behavior is that which allows for a society to maintain a productive and relationship driven life that does not differ drastically from the normalcy of said society (Kowalski & Westen, 2011). When an individual’s behavior is maladaptive to the culture he or she belongs, others will then classify said behavior as abnormal, and then will attempt to change that behavior. Wen-Sing Tseng, M.D. (2013), described a Latino man who hit his body and yelled very loudly, alone while in public, upon hearing of his wife’s death. The treating doctor was unsure if the man’s behavior...
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...(CHF) is a disease characterized by high mortality, readmission rates and a marked decrease in health-related quality of life. Psychological distress is common in patients with CHF and different psychological variables may have an impact on the prognosis in chronic heart failure patients. Chronic heart failure patients also need to be involved in their plan of health care in order to be able to manage their own disease at home. However, patients’ perspective on the role of their informal carers regarding information management process revealed how much they depend on their knowledge and support. The studies that I have chosen to compare and contrast in this paper will shed light onto both of these subjects in regard to chronic heart failure patients as well as inform about the various studies that pinpoint relevant data in regards to CHF. These studies are important because they help medical professionals in regard to providing the highest level of care to their CHF patients. Quantitative Research Study Introduction For the quantitative research study in this analysis, I examined the journal article entitled Predictors of readmission and health related quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure: a comparison of different psychosocial aspects. This research study’s purpose was to “investigate the differential prognostic impact of depression, anxiety, vital exhaustion, social support and type D personality on prognosis of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF)”...
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...discussed in my abnormal psychology class. In vital areas such as physiological or multifactorial indicators of depression depicted in the study, I’ve underlined similar reviews in lectures for both minor and major stress disorders show to have apparent vulnerability to related substances. The respondents in the study were young adults ages 17-23 apparently found to have no pre-problematic indications of drug or even alcohol use. The researchers followed only respondents with a pattern of at least five symptoms for a length of time in order to be diagnosed as depressive disorder. Some of the stated are loss of interest, poor concentration, disruptions in appetite and suicidal tendencies. Based on the five year monitoring research of these nearly 200 participants by neuroscience specialist and leading professor in psychology at Duke University Dr. John Curry, only 10 percent of 192 adolescents whom underwent psychiatric treatment later abused drugs. He implied that consistent drug monitoring and cognitive-behavior therapy may hold key roles in keeping the youth off drugs. After reviewing full details of the core concepts and features in the recent study, I’ve associated the study’s both theoretical and scientific investigations to our subject outlines. The method of therapy in the study was reliably highlighted in our class discussions of the psychodynamic perspective which was entailed by...
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...Abnormal psychology: Integrative paper Bonacua, Ronilo A. Naga city Philippines :) I’ve always been intrigued on how external physiological factors such as drugs affect the level of cognitive function of a normal person. It is known for a fact that there are a number of people who encounter harmful interferences in their mind caused by unnatural intakes in the body. This unwanted variable was made as a cornerstone in a recent study in the United States which I believe may be linked to previous topics discussed in my abnormal psychology class. In vital areas such as physiological or multifactorial indicators of depression depicted in the study, I’ve underlined similar reviews in lectures for both minor and major stress disorders show to have apparent vulnerability to related substances. The respondents in the study were young adults ages 17-23 apparently found to have no pre-problematic indications of drug or even alcohol use. The researchers followed only respondents with a pattern of at least five symptoms for a length of time in order to be diagnosed as depressive disorder. Some of the stated are loss of interest, poor concentration, disruptions in appetite and suicidal tendencies. Based on the five year monitoring research of these nearly 200 participants by neuroscience specialist and leading professor in psychology at Duke University Dr. John Curry, only 10 percent of 192 adolescents whom underwent psychiatric treatment later abused drugs. He implied that consistent...
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...individuals would argue that there are many causes for depression. Before getting into some of the contributing factors, many statistics show us that depression is hereditary and if your mother and father suffered from depression, then you yourself may find that you are more likely to be diagnosed as well ( Berger, Joshua L. 5). Clinical depression, also known as major depression or depression is defined as a mood disorder that may occur only once in an individual’s lifetime or in groups of episodes that typically last anywhere from 9 to 16 months ( Berger, Joshua L. 8). Statistics show that depression is hereditary and can be passed down from generation to generation.. This is an argumentative topic that I feel must be brought into the open as not many people who suffer from it realize that they are actually going through it and just how serious it can be. Those who are fortunate to have people to talk to have an opportunity to help themselves, but there are many who do not even know of the existence of this illness. With this paper, I aim to show how depression differs from the sadness or gloom everyone goes through at some periods in their lives. Along with that, I also aim to argue that depression is not at all uncommon and as extraordinary as people feel and think it to be, as statistics argue that 1 out of 4 individuals will suffer from depression at some point in their life (Barglow, Peter, M.D. 12). Many would argue that depression is not truly an illness, but it indeed is and...
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...biopsychosocial perspective is a comprehensive approach to health and illness that is crucial to improving the quality of life. The purpose of this essay is to describe a practice experience from a biopsychosocial perspective of a patient admitted to a unit for respite care. The patient has a diagnosis of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis and the area being considered is the patient’s immobility. To begin, biopsychosocial will be defined and a brief description of the patient will be given before discussing how this central nervous system condition has affected the patient. The patient’s primary symptoms affecting their mobility will be described, along with a secondary symptom which the patient is vulnerable to developing. Subsequently, the associated tertiary symptoms affecting the patient psychological state and social systems will be discussed before summarising the knowledge gained and how this will alter skills in future practice experiences. To respect and maintain patient confidentiality in line with the Nursing and Midwifery Councils (2008) code, a pseudonym will be used and will be referred to as Mary throughout this essay. Mary is a forty-nine year old female who was diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis twenty-one years ago. In 2006 her mobility deteriorated after a significant relapse and as a result of her symptoms she has been confined to bed since 2010. Additionally Mary has mild speech difficulties, is doubly incontinent and has a history of depression. In 1977...
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