...How do sociologists draw a distinction between sex and gender? The difference between sex and gender causes much controversy between sociologists. The definition of sex does not cause much debate: Sex is physical and refers to biological differences. On the other hand, gender is psychological and so causes more disputes as interpretations differ between societies and cultures. This is due to the common sense ideas societies have regarding culture and additionally whether gender is nature or nurture. It can also be said that gender is socially constructed which will also be looked at. Sex is easily defined as “the biological distinction between females and males” and is commonly seen to have six main factors associated: chromosome make up (females having XX and male having XY), reproductive organs, external genitals, hormonal states, internal genitals and secondary sex characteristics. Sex is commonly seen as a biological term based on nature which is why there is not much argument over the definition. People are either classified as male or female, however, there are some exceptions as if a child is born with too many or too few X or Y chromosomes they may have the chromosome make up of one sex and the genitals of another. However, gender is not seen as an inbuilt trait but instead refers to “the social aspects of differences and hierarchies between male and female” which means that gender suggests the behaviours and aspects a particular group (society or culture) consider...
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...Environmental Control of Sex Determination Chih Hao Huang Introduction In many organisms, sex are determined by their inheritance of sex chromosomes in developing embryo, such as human and grasshoppers (Hurney et al. 2016). But some other organisms are different, their development of sexual phenotype do not rely on chromosomes, but influence from environmental factor such as temperature or parasite invasion (Hurney et al. 2016). One of the example is Ceratopteris richardii (C-Fern), which is a tropical homosporous fern, contains no sex chromosomes but can differentiate into hermaphrodite or male gametophyte (Hurney et al. 2016). The sorus on the leaf of C-Fern produce spores via meiosis (Hurney et al. 2016). During gametophyte stage, C-fern spores produce haploid gametes (sperm and/or egg) via mitosis; male gametophyte produce sperms and hermaphrodite gametophyte produce both sperms and egg (Hurney et al. 2016). Gametophytes germinate earlier are hermaphroditic, which are heart shaped with archegonia and antheridia; males are smaller and thumb shaped, surrounded by antheridia (Hurney et al. 2016). Sperm and egg will fertilize in to a diploid zygote, which is the beginning of sporophyte stage. Later the zygote will develop into an embryo by mitosis, and then the embryo will develop into a fern and the life cycle starts again (Hurney et al. 2016). By being a homosporous, C-Fern can self-fertilize with hermaphroditic gametophyte which promote survival; having males gametophyte...
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...Sex: How do you perceive it? It’s February 14th, otherwise known as Valentine’s Day. A white-collared married heterosexual couple is out on the town. They have just recently finished eating a Valentine’s dinner set near candlelight at the most luxurious restaurant the couple has in their respective town. Sexual tension is perspiring within the couples every breath. The husband proclaims “Check please!”, the waiter swiftly tends to the man and administers the check. It’s evident to the waiter that this couple has all intentions to go home and have sex. With this assumption the waiter jokingly says “You two have a good night.” Shortly after gently striking a wink towards the husband. The couple gently giggles and responds with a polite “Thank you, we will.” Little does the waiter know that this couples idea of sex does not confine to the general outlook of the public for this couple is a part of a polygamist relationship. Within this essay I will explore the world of polygamy, homosexual sex, and sexual reproduction of plants and insects. “The offense of willfully and knowingly having more than one wife or husband at the same time. The offense of willfully and knowingly entering into a second marriage while validly married to another individual is bigamy.” (Encyclopedia.com) That is a formal definition for polygamy. Polygamy has been in the news and headlines all across America. Polygamy is widely associated with Mormons. Mormons are people who practice Mormonism, known as “Theological...
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...LA : paper due wednesday Marat sade: paper sex and death: project voice: ball piece gender role: social role in society sex- gameyetes biological in most cases, typical male behavior fighting other males for access to females. Or looking good to get a female. - parental investment -- behaving as it would -- any energy risk, effort thetas put into one offspring that can not be out into another offspring (ie) a drop of yolk. Any investing// more time choosing a pack of gum or a car -- more picky. a female is choosy because she has more investment. - the sex that choses or the sex that is chosen - peacocks -- male provides sperm, female choses male based on sperm. until the bird is fledged. more eyes-- longer life span better offspring humans do not fall neatly into these categories-- examples: looking good to get a female. symmetry of the face -- good genes. picking the best match investment level -- children boobs = feathers 1:Male: be flashy/ showing off/ be more desirable- peacocks must be chosen by the female. Defending territory - male salmon/ fighting: elephant seal - demonstrating their worth. eye spots on my tail, long snood, i beat the crap out of all the other seals so i am clearly the best. making an effort to secure a mate by: examples 1. female: choosy/ coy choosing them or waiting for fight 2. Parental Investment - anything (such as energy or time) you put into one kid that takes away fitness from future kids. ie: 9 months being pregnant...
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...The Impact Erectile Dysfunction has on Women’s Sexual Life: Marie Chevret, Eric Jaudinot, Kate Sullivan, Alexia Marrel, and Anne S. De Gendre Lyon, France Women frequently encounter sexual partners who are suffering with erectile dysfunction. This is a sexual dysfunction suffered by men that is characterized by the inability to develop an erection while engaging in sexual activities. Impact of Erectile Dysfunction (ED) on Sexual Life of Female Partners: Assessment with the Index of Sexual Life (ISL) Questionnaire, is a research article done by (*WHO? LIST THE RESEARCHERS) researchers at Lyon (*LYON WHAT? Lyon University? Lyon Research Center?) in France who set out to measure the impact erectile dysfunction has on women’s sexual satisfaction. According to Chevret et al. (2004), “It has been estimated that 1 in 10 men worldwide have ED and that it is the most common chronic medical disorder in men older than 40 years. ED has been shown to negatively impact self-esteem, quality of life, and satisfaction, and to increase depression and mental disease” (p. 157). Not only does this ailment affect men, but it also plays a beneficial role in how their sexual partners feel. Chevret et al. hypothesizes that erectile dysfunction has a negative impact on female sexual satisfaction and feminine sexual drives. The hypothesis was created because men who cannot get an erection will not be able to participate in sexual intercourse; therefore, also unable be satisfy their woman. This...
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...they are females? I think the term "sex offender" is a very large term that makes a big deal of different types of crimes. For example, imagine a 18 year old college student while at a drunken party decides to have sexual relations with his 16 year old girlfriend who is also drunk, but "consented”, would be labelled a "sex offender" the next morning when her father finds out and the police press charges. That 18 year old is now a RAPIST and sex offender for life and on equal grounds with a 60 year old pedophile who spent 30 years in prison for actually raping a 9 year old girl! Are these two people "morally" equal? One is a sick pervert who raped a kid and the other is a kid who made a mistake in his youth and suffered the consequences from it. People don't consider these things when they see the term "sex offender". The common thinking is that if you've seen one sex offender, you've seen them all. Except when it comes to females. Going back to the party scenario, if boyfriend and girlfriend are both drunk and have sex, the male is always guilty of rape but the female for some reason isn't. After all, the male was drunk so technically he couldn't "consent" either right? So why is it that HE raped HER and not the other way around? Aren't they guilty of the same crime? The fact is, society doesn't take women seriously as sex offenders and we don't even label them sex offenders. If a female school teacher has consentual...
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...Ant 112 5/13/15 (1746 Words) Single or Multi-sex?? We all know the obvious difference in boys and girls. Typically, we associate boys with being rougher than girls and spending much of their time playing rambunctiously and getting dirty while most girls prefer to be subdued and tidy. But is that the only dissimilarity in gender? What about school work and academic performance along with academic success? Can gender be a predominating factor in determining a child’s IQ level? Is there a legitimate difference in boys and girls when determining academic ability? And, does gender help determine any level of academic success? Some might say that these are some pretty absurd questions but others who have taught both boys and girls in any realm of subjects, on any level could tell you that there is probably some relevance to that question. Lets begin with the history of single sex schools. Schools in early 17th century America were first modeled after English learning institutions after Puritans immigrated over to the English colonies. Originally only rich white males were allowed to attend school to learn how to read and write. In many cases, most parents placed their boys into the nine month long curriculum to keep them out of mischief. For the other three months of the year, students would be released from school during the summer months to lend a hand on their family’s farms to help cultivate the land and raise animals. During the summer months, wealthy white girls attended...
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...School Counselor Agenda - Sex Education Course Student’s Name High School Affiliate School Counselor Agenda - Sex Education Course Outline 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. What is sex? 4. How you are changing? 5. Why boys and girls are different and where babies come from? 6. Importance of studying sex at age 10-12 years 7. Conclusion 8. Reference 9. Appendix Abstract As a school counselor, I am in charge of presenting a sex education course to the student body of late childhood ages 10 through 12 years of age. The discussion is needed to help children grow in a way that is essential on the basis of what is happening on their physical, emotional and mental life. Therefore, an enumeration on the topics like: what is sex, how you are changing, why boys and girls are different and where babies come from? After listing the above topics, an enumeration on the topics will be made to help the reader fully comprehend what can be done to assist children aged 10-12 on matters associated with sex. Lastly, a conclusion will be initiated to help understand what the sex topics can be utilized on children aged 10-12 years. Introduction Teaching children aged 10-12 years of age is a fundamental approach especially if it is associated with sex. Brooks (2012), indicates that sex as a subject, it is very delicate, and hence, having a proper and fundamental topics on sex generates a society that is responsible...
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...lot to do with the mind which highly relates to Human behavior. Teenagers today are going through an era of diverse changes affecting their social needs, perceptions and obligations that need to be recognized Teenagers, nowadays gets into an early relationship because of what they feel, they fall in love easily because of their emotions which leads to not into good results, out of curiosity they tend to have sexual intercourse even though they are not married (Pre-marital sex) they do this because they feel that they are old enough to do it, lack of understanding the consequences of sex at an early age and they want to show love to their partner Pre-marital sex is common to those countries that have numerous population including Philippines. Pre-marital sex almost takes place everywhere, especially in places where social interaction happens every day. This research explains that premarital sex is when two people are having sexual intercourse prior to marrying each other. One of the places where Pre-marital sex happens is where there are no sufficient...
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...The topic of sex is, "one of the least examined issues of current American politics," (Paglia, 1995). Walking down the street, the topic of sex is not something that comes up very often yet it is a thing that occurs often. Why is this the case? Despite declines in rates of teen pregnancy in the U.S., about 820,000 teens become pregnant each year" (Family First). The U.S. spends about $7 million on teenage pregnancy every year. It is clear that proper education of sex is lacking both in homes and in schools, but whose job is it to teach children about sex? In this paper, these question will be explored by taking a look at the history of sex education in schools, sex education in the family, and how these two are linked in effecting the knowledge of children about the topic of sex. The history of sex education began in the 1980s when the debate of having sex education in schools really began to take off. Two of the major forces that drove this movement were the growing rates of STDs and prostitution. Therefore, "by 1989, 23 states had passed mandates for sexuality education, an additional 23 states strongly encouraged sex education, 33 mandated AIDS education and 17 additional states recommended it," (FOSE). Opponents had previously taken the stance that the topic sex should not be discussed in schools, but now they fought for the idea that the only message that should be taught in schools was the idea that sexual behavior outside of marriage was unacceptable. Today, this is...
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...SEX EDUCATION Human sexuality has biological, emotional/physical and spiritual aspects. The biological aspect of sexuality refers to the reproductive mechanism as well as the basic biological drive, Libido that exists in all species, which is hormonally controlled. The emotional or physical aspect of sexuality refers to the bond that exists between individuals, and is expressed through profound feelings or physical manifestations of emotions of love, trust, and caring. There is also a spiritual aspect of sexuality of an individual or as a connection with others. Experience has shown that adolescents are curious about some or all the aspects of their sexuality as well as the nature of sexuality in general, and that many will wish to experience their sexuality. What is sex education? It is instruction on issues relating to human sexuality, including human sexual anatomy, sexual reproduction, sexual intercourse, reproductive health, emotional relations, reproductive rights and responsibilities, abstinence, birth control, and other aspects of human sexual behavior. Common avenues for sex education are parents or caregivers, formal school programs, and public health campaigns. Sex education ('sex ed'), which is sometimes called sexuality education or sex and relationships education, is the process of acquiring information and forming attitudes and beliefs about sex, sexual identity, relationships and intimacy. Sex education is also about developing young people's skills so that...
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...6 8. Recommendations………………………………………………………...……………...7 9. References……………………………………………………………………………..…8 ABSTRACT ‘’Sun, Sea and…Sex ‘’ the definition of paradise on Earth in Mauritius for tourists, but Sex can also lead to Hell. This piece of work is not about taboo matter but most on life issue. One day I heard a story about a girl of 14 years old who got pregnant by another pre-teenager in Madagascar. For us, Malagasy people, it is a shame for the girl and his family. Then, I knew that it was the same case for many communities around the World, a little girl unmarried who got pregnant is a taboo. The question in my mind was how could she have sex at her age and in addition sexual intercourse without protection? Normally parents give always advices or cautions on sex or just have talked about it to their children. In fact the girl was not aware on sex issue. The majority of girls getting pregnant or boys having sex diseases do not know what happened to them because they did not have informations. So the main question was, why are they not aware about sex and its issues ? This is why I have chosen this topic. After many researches I have found that it was caused by a lack of informations from the parents and talking about sex to children for...
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...Sex Education in Schools Should sex education be taught in schools? There had been many debates over this. They say that sex education only destroys the morality of people because they think that sex education teaches students about how sexual intercourse is done. Although sex education lowers the morality of people by teaching students how to use condoms and contraceptives, it should be taught in primary school and secondary school because (a) it prevents sexual diseases and teenage pregnancy, (b) it is indeed a need in case of parents’ absence, and (c) it gives children the idea of what is right and what is wrong. Others say that having sex education only encourages the students to engage in sexual intercourse and that it leads to sexual diseases and teenage pregnancy. The truth is that sex education does not encourage students to do it. According to Bleakley(2006), in a survey conducted, only about seventeen percent of the respondents answered that sex education does encourage them to do “it” and that the remaining eighty three percent strongly disagreed. Sex education prevents sexual diseases and teenage pregnancy. But how? Students are taught how to use condoms. According to Masland(n.d.), kids are becoming more sexually active at an earlier age. Sixty-six percent of high school students in America have done it by their senior year. These kids are in danger of sexually transmitted diseases. There is also a big possibility for them to become pregnant...
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...Serena Manfredy Probation & Parole Research Paper: Supervision of Sex Offenders Sex offenders are a highly diverse group of people, but all are individuals who have at least one of the following crimes in common: have committed violent sexual assault on a stranger, have had inappropriate sexual contact with a family member, have molested a child or any other inappropriate and criminal sexual behavior. What constitutes a sex crime differs by culture and legal jurisdiction. The majority of convicted sex offenders have convictions for crimes of a sexual nature. Some of the crimes which usually result in a mandatory sex-offender classification are sexual assault, statutory rape, rape, sexual harassment, prostitution, and pedophilia. Currently, in the United States there are a total of 722, 499 individuals who are registered sex offenders, some of these individuals being juveniles. However, this number does not include offenses that have not been reported. Research shows that a lot of cases go unreported which can deem inaccurate numbers regarding the amount of sex offenders. Victims of sexual offenses often feel a plethora of negative feelings following the crime, including guilt, and this can account for some of the underreporting. There are subcategory designations sex offenders can fall into that classify them into levels depending on the severity of the crime. They are then registered and put under special conditions they must abide by for...
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