...Share Based Payment Reporting El Shared Based Payment Reporting (SBPR) es el producto del estándar numero 123 del Financial Accounting Standard Board (FASB), antes la opinión APB No. 25 – Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. Este estándar busca uniformar la información que las organizaciones ofrecen a los inversionistas y personas de interés sobre sus intercambios de equity instruments para bienes y servicios, cuando esta incurre en una deuda para adquirir un bien o servicio basados en el valor del mercado de los equity instruments de la organización o establecidos por los emisores de dichos equity instruments. Igualmente, para identificar los servicios de capital humano que incurren las organizaciones en la forma de SBPR (FASB, 2012). Las razones principales para el nacimiento de este estándar estriban en la preocupación del mundo contable sobre la APB No. 25 la cual se basaba en métodos valorativos superficiales en los estados de situación. Estos no brindaban al lector números confiables sobre las transacciones económicas de la organización que afectaban el recibo y consumo de los servicios de capital humano en el intercambio de equity instruments. Igualmente, otra de las razones era la necesidad de que se mejorara los informes en cuanto a la comparabilidad, hacerlo mas simple, y que coexistiera con los estándares internacionales a través del International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 2. Special Purpose Entities Desde los anos 70, las Entidades de Especial...
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...The easiest way to control this was to attack federally funded programs, and Medicare became a target. This was done so by the establishment of two major ACO programs: the Medicare Shared Savings Model and the Pioneer Model. Both models The Medicare Shared Savings Program (MSSP) is a three-year program under which ACOs accept financial responsibility for overall quality, cost, and care of a defined group of Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries (Shortell). The program relies heavily on a primary care network base as a means to serve enrollees. The MSSP is designed to make providers financially responsible for the health of their patients by providing financial incentives when physicians successfully reduce and/or eliminate unnecessary examinations and procedures, resulting in overall reduced healthcare costs (Gold). The Shared Savings Program offers both providers and suppliers, such as hospitals, opportunities for ACOs to select arrangements that work best for their organization. For example, specific to the ACOs needs, they can promote accountability to their specific patient population and coordinate services for their Medicare beneficiaries (“About the Program-...
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...Abstract Accountable Care Organization is a healthcare organization characterized by a payment and care delivery mode. lt seeks to tie provider reimbursements to a quality metrics and reductions in the total cost of care for an assigned population of patients. A group of coordinated health care providers form an ACO, which then provides care to a group of patients. The ACO may use a range of payment methods, (e.g. capitation, fee-or-service with an asymmetric or symmetric shared savings). The ACO is accountable to the patients and the 3rd party payer for quality, appropriateness, and efficiency of the health care provided. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), an ACO is considered an organization of health care providers that agree to be accountable for the quality, cost, and overall care of Medicare beneficiaries who are enrolled in the traditional fee-for-service program. This paper identifies the differences between HMO’s and ACO’s but also correlates the similarities between ACO’s and Patient Center Medical Home (PCMH). The ACO’s place a degree of financial responsibility on the providers in hopes of improving care management and limiting unnecessary expenditures while continuing to provide patients freedom to select their medical services. The success and challenges of ACO are identified and explored. By increasing care coordination, ACO’s can help reduce unnecessary medical care and improve health outcomes, leading to a decrease in utilization...
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...Assignment 01: Reimbursement Models Grid |Accountable Care Organization (shared savings) |Primary Care Medical Home |Bundled Payment |Partial Capitation |Full Capitation | |Strengths and Weaknesses |-Providers are accountable for total per-capita costs. -Patient “lock-in” is not required. - Reinforced by other reforms that promote coordinated, lower-cost care. |-Supports coordination of care between physicians. -Does not require accountability for total per capita cost |-Promotes efficiency and care coordination. -Does not require accountability for total per capita cost |- Combines FFS and prospective fixed payment, providing “upfront” payments that can be used to improve infrastructure and process. - Accountability only for services/providers. - May be viewed as risky by many providers. |- Provides “upfront” payments for infrastructure and process improvement and makes providers accountable for per-capita costs. - Requires patient “lock-in.” - May be viewed as risky by many providers. | |Strengths for Primary Care |YES - Provides incentive to focus on disease management. - Additional support by adding medical home or partial capitation payments to primary care physicians. |YES – Changes care delivery model for primary care physicians, allowing for better care coordination and disease management |YES, indirectly – Bundled payments result in greater support for primary care physicians |Yes – Partial Capitation allows for infrastructure and process improvement...
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...Melody Song HCA 450: Special Topics April 16, 2015 ACO and Bundled Payments Accountable care organizations (ACOs) were proposed in the Affordable Care Act as a measure to slow rising healthcare costs and improve quality in the traditional healthcare organization. ACOs seek to tie provider pay with quality outcomes and reduce total cost of care by increasing integration and reducing fragmentation. Within an ACO, a group of coordinated health care providers deliver and care across the full continuum to a group or population of patients. The ACA introduces and encourages use of ACOs by establishing the Medicare Shared Savings Program (SSP) for Medicare Reimbursement through the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Under the SSP, providers that participate in an ACO continue to receive traditional Medicare fee-for-service payments but may be eligible to receive a shared savings payment if it meets specified quality and savings requirements. Therefore, “if an ACO succeeds in both delivering high-quality care and reducing the cost of that care to a level below what would otherwise have been expected, it will share in the Medicare savings it achieves.” ACOs are however, held to high standards and must meet several quality-performance standards to ensure their patients meet preventative and chronic health needs. The Medicare SSP focuses on achieving the Triple-Aim of better care experience for individuals, better health for populations, and lower per capita costs...
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...consumers while developing lasting and trusting relationships. GOALS (OBJECTIVES) * To maintain a professional image (to be perceived as highly successful) * To have profit * To continue the extension of Malincho resulting in reduction of debt * Expansion of company to hire employees and create a storefront * To gain consumer’s trust * To provide quality products for a low price STRATEGIES- 1.1. CORPORATE STRATEGY- Importing of European food products with the intent of resale. 1.2.1. Growth- To open a storefront while maintaining the internet sales, and hiring employees. 1.2.2. Stability- Use trust based business to secure longevity of consumers 1.2.3. Renewal- To assess situation as it progresses, and make adjustments as necessary (i.e. switch back to cash based sales.) 1.2.4.1. Retrenchment- Retrenchment strategy was not presented in the case. 1.2.4.2. Turnaround- Add additional products to online stock to drive addition sales. Implementing online cash sales for weary consumers. 1.2. BUSINESS STRATEGY 1.3.4. Focus Strategy- Malincho is...
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...Instructor’s Manual Enterprise Resource Planning, 1/E CHAPTER 1: A FOUNDATION FOR UNDERSTANDING ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING SYSTEMS CHAPTER OBJECTIVES 1. Develop an understanding of how ERP systems can improve the effectiveness of information systems in organizations. 2. Understand the business benefits of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. 3. Understand the history and evolution of ERP. CHAPTER OUTLINE 1. A Foundation for Understanding Enterprise Resource Planning Systems a. The Emergence of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems 1. What is ERP? 2. The Evolution of ERP 3. The Integrated Systems Approach b. Business Benefits of ERP c. ERP Modules d. ERP Design Alternatives e. The Business Case for ERP 1. Cost-Benefit Analysis for ERP 2. Can ERP Provide a Competitive Advantage? f. The Challenge of Implementing an ERP System g. Summary ANSWERS TO END-OF-CHAPTER QUESTIONS Questions for Discussion: 1. Use on-line library databases to identify articles in trade publications which provide case studies of ERP implementations. These articles may provide some insight into each of these questions. a. How widespread is the use of ERP across certain industries? b. What are the benefits reported from implementing ERP? c. What are its limitations? 2. Research and learn about the implementation of ERP. Use trade publications and on-line library databases (e.g. ABI Inform, ProQuest, First Search, Wilson Select Plus, available through...
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...Memorandum To: Dr. Robert I. Grossman, CEO NYU Langone Date: November 7, 2012 Re: Restructuring Health Care Payment and Improving Quality The U.S. devotes a much larger share of its national income to health care than any other country in the world. However, the gross over-spending has not yielded the healthiest population (OECD Health data, 2009). Our economy is continually growing at a lesser rate than healthcare spending. The need to restrain this unsustainable growth in health care costs is often overlooked in favor of reform focused on expanding access to care. Attention must be focused on restructuring the payment process with the goal of reducing costs without sacrificing quality. With an aging population comes chronic conditions that require efficiently coordinated care. About 10 million Americans require long term care, 42% of which are under 65 with disabilities or chronic illness (Rowland, 2009). It is also not uncommon for chronic patients to receive duplicate testing, conflicting treatment advice, and expensive prescriptions from multiple practitioners. The Medicare system was a fee-for service payment plan, until a prospective payment was introduced. A contributing factor to the problem has been the trending of hospitals and insurers to better cover acute episodes rather than preventative or ongoing care. For example, the average length of stay is down from less than 8 days in the 1970s to 4.6 days in late 2000’s. In a similar trend, gross outpatient...
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...CURRENT STATE OF U.S HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY Looking at today’s scenario, U.S ranks at the top when it comes to health care expenditure which is 16.3% when compared with all the developed nations. Currently, approximately 16% of the U.S population which is approximately 44 million people; are not privileged with any kind of health insurance. Health care in U.S is provided by multi-player private organizations, where 60-65% of health care expenditure comes from Medicare, Medicaid, Tricare, Children’s Health Insurance Program, and Veterans health Administration. (Health care reform in U.S).Among the 17 developed countries, U.S ranks 1st in infant mortality, heart and lung disease, STD’s, adolescent pregnancies, injuries and disability (WHO).This is when Barrack Obama proposed the idea of Universal Health Care system in U.S which would cover the population which is not covered under the existing employer health care plans as government programs. The plan would create a National Health Insurance Exchange that would sell health care plans to the population who do not have health care (EBESCO HOST connection). We have tried to show some data analysis of some data with which we can get a better picture of the health care efficiency in U.S Description | Rank | % of Population | Medical claims | 1 | 62 | Murder | - | 19 | Traffic accidents | - | 18 | Other accidents | - | 16 | Life expectancy | 42 | - | Medical innovation | 1 | - | Physician | 1 | - | Medication cost |...
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...Planning and Preparation Paper April 6th, 2013 The Problem I must negotiate with S.S. Scott, CEO of Scott Computers, to sidestep litigation and come to an agreement concerning Print-Rite. We have taken on substantial risk and cost due to the advantage we see this computer system giving us, but without Print-Rite, the entire system is worthless. We have sued because of non-delivery of Print-Rite, which was verbally promised to us, but not documented in our proposal or in the contract. They have countersued for breach of contract. Goals and Decision Makers My goal is to attain Print-Rite with a profit sharing deal as opposed to an upfront payment, and thus removing lawsuits. I want to pay no upfront cost for the first year, and then make annuity-due payments of 5% of profits for years 2-5. I also want their help in training our clients on how to use Print-Rite, as it is not very user-friendly, and providing strong support to ensure the best service for our clients. This is nearly double the PV of the current monthly cost of Print-Rite. My BATNA is to sue Scott, hopefully reach a settlement, while in the meantime try to find another computer company to use for this project. My bottom line is 25% of profits, since this would double our annual cost to them and would be excessive, even though our BATNA is weak. S.S. Scott and I are the prime decision makers and there are no other influencers that need to be addressed. Underlying Needs and Interests ...
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...Bharti Airtel, in 1995, won govt tender to launch mobile telecom services in Delhi Initial investment was high Spectrum License, Towers, Telecom networks, supports systems Funded through debt – this meant high charges for subscribers 2002 – Running out of money + New entrants Shifted focus from ARPU to: A. Gross Revenue and Profit B. Operating Efficiency C. Capital Productivity Potential market then expanded to entire Indian population Cost reduction targeted by way of outsourcing Economies of scale ; converted fixed costs and capital expenditures into variable operating expenses. IT services, n/w equipment, apps, distribution. Rural market penetration – partnership with SKS Microfinance and IFFCO. Competitor collaboration – Shared passive infrastructure through Indus Towers – aids expansion of operations CASE HIGHLIGHTS RESULTS OF BHARTI AIRTEL’S INNOVATIVE BUSINESS MODEL: Most affordable mobile service world over 200 million subscribers targeted by 2012 (but have already reached 221 mill) Increased operating margins: From 2.25% in ‘03 to 28.3% in ’08. Revenue growth of 43% from ‘04 to ‘08. 27% RoCE, $2.04B EBIT, Cash reserves of $963M, zero debt in ‘09 despite ARPU of only $5.95 INNOVATIONS IN INDIA TYPES OF INNOVATION: 1. Change Business Dynamics 2. Synthesize Technologies 3. Create New Technologies ‘MATCHBOX’ MODEL AIRTEL BUSINESS MODEL – DEFINITION 1 – PETER DRUCKER Who is your customer? What does the customer value? How to deliver value...
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...banking is banking or banking activity that is consistent with the principles of sharia and its practical application through the development of Islamic economics. The Basic Difference between Capitalist and Islamic Economy Islam does not deny the market forces and market economy. Even the profit motive is acceptable to a reasonable extent. Private ownership is not totally negated. Yet, the basic difference between capitalist and Islamic economy is that in secular capitalism, the profit motive or private ownership are given unbridled power to make economic decisions. Their liberty is not controlled by any divine injunctions. History of Islamic Banking: Since the beginning of the 18th century, banking has been conducted on an interest-based system of lending money to those in need. With no other alternative available, people had no choice but to borrow money at often high interest rates. This lead to the formation of an unfair system that brought unnecessary hardship on people It was this need for a fair financial system that brought about the birth of Islamic banking in the mid-1970s. Its objective was to provide a financial alternative that was fair, transparent and above all, a source of economic upliftment for all those in need Islamic banking, enlightened with the guidance of Islamic Shari‘ah principles, emerged as an alternative financial system that neither gave nor took interest, thereby introducing a fair system of social justice and equality, while fulfilling the...
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...Contents 1 2 10 12 What is Islamic banking? Islamic banking in Malaysia Observing Shariah principles Shariah concepts in Islamic banking Frequently asked questions Glossary This booklet tells you about the basic concepts and principles of Islamic banking. What is Islamic banking? Islamic banking is banking based on Islamic law (Shariah). It follows the Shariah, called fiqh muamalat (Islamic rules on transactions). The rules and practices of fiqh muamalat came from the Quran and the Sunnah, and other secondary sources of Islamic law such as opinions collectively agreed among Shariah scholars (ijma’), analogy (qiyas) and personal reasoning (ijtihad). Islamic banking in Malaysia • The first Islamic bank was established in Malaysia in 1983. • In 1993, commercial banks, merchant banks and finance companies begun to offer Islamic banking products and services under the Islamic Banking Scheme (IBS banks). • The IBS banks have to separate the funds and activities of the Islamic banking transactions from the nonIslamic banking business (conventional banking). • You can identify an Islamic bank or an IBS bank from the logo below: 1 bankinginfo info perbankan Observing Shariah principles All Islamic banks and IBS banks have set up Shariah Committees to guide them on Shariah matters and to make sure that they function in a manner that is in line with the Shariah. In addition, the advice of the Shariah Advisory Council which is the highest Shariah body set up at Bank...
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...VP, Oracle Practice Objectives/Agenda Provide a high level view of topics to consider when upgrading to R12 When is a “technical” upgrade possible What do I need to research more When is the right time for training What do I include in my budget/timeline Functional Topics Technical Topics 2 Overview Are you aware that… There are over 1500 new features in R12 A responsibility can now access data in multiple organizations R12.1 was released in April 2009 How does this impact custom Responsibilities How will all these new features be “discovered” Quicker data entry for shared services organizations The user interface to the Oracle Diagnostics scripts was rewritten in OA Framework in R12.0.6 12.0 focused on Financials 12.1 focused on everything else including HR Utilizes role-based access control requiring role grants from the user management responsibility Setup reports in diagnostics can help you find missing setups 3 FINANCIALS - GL 4 Financials - GL Legal Entities have significant functionality in R12 Should reflect legal corporate structure Utilized by Accounting Functions, E-Business Tax, Intercompany, and Bank Account Balancing segment is associated with legal entity – not ledger Bank account is owned by legal entity Align your Ledger structure with your business plan Operating units are associated with ledgers in R12 – not LE Position your business to accommodate...
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...Benecol: Raisio's Global Nutraceutical Raisio is preparing to launch a new product, Benecol, to the global market. Benecol is a nutraceutical that reduces LDL cholesterol when ingested on a daily basis. The product has been successful in the company’s home country of Finland. Raisio is building on this success by entering into a marketing agreement with Johnson & Johnson's McNeil Consumer Products Group. There are barriers to global marketing that Raisio must overcome, however. Benecol is under fire from the Food & Drug Administration (FDA). The FDA has regulatory objections, as this product is difficult to classify as a food, dietary supplement, or pharmaceutical. Introduction into the United States may not be in the best interests of shareholders, as the market is new to valuing the prospects for nutraceuticals. (Moffet, 1998) Discussion This launch, like any product launch, is a critical time for Raisio. The success of Benecol globally is key to the company’s survival. In order to penetrate the global market there is need for capital, risk evaluation, and a determination of a reward system for investors. The global launch of a product is a process aimed at building sales momentum. Steps include matching product capabilities to market needs, clear positioning and messaging, setting clear launch goals, utilizing the power of leverage, priming the pump, and timing the launch to maximize sales. Global launch must incorporate consideration of several important...
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