...24, after being allowed safe passage by President Kennedy to Jackson, 27 Freedom Riders were arrested by order of Governor Ross Barnett. Governor Barnett wanted Parchman to break the Freedom Riders’ spirits and allowed the guards to treat them inhumanely to do so. Although many did break, some left prison stronger and more committed than before. The museum shows in depth information on six Freedom Riders that were incarcerated at Parchman along with pictures of many more. To know that my state and the elected governor of it allowed this to happen is an outrage when these people did nothing wrong but take a stand for a fellow man. Walking through these rooms opened my eyes to civil rights issues that we continue to deal with today. We have come so far as a country trying to overcome civil rights issues, but there is so much more we need to accomplish. It was awe inspiring to know what people stood for and endured. People were killed, maimed, and humiliated for just to change the world for a friend. These people could be considered true...
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...Religion on the Field In some schools it is a custom for students to say a prayer before a football game or school events. In the Santa Fe Independent school district a Christian prayer was always said before the game begun. However there were two families from different religions that objected to these prayers and brought suit to the school district. While in New Orleans the prayer was declared unconstitutional by the U.S court of appeals. In Texas a judge said that the prayers should be permitted, and in Atlanta Georgia the U.S court of appeals ruled that the prayers must be permitted before a football game or any other school event because not permitting the prayer would violate the first amendment. There is a lot of confusion on whether the prayers should be permitted or not, because of our first amendment. In this case the school district is trying to find a way to be able to say the prayers without violating the rights of the minority. In the case of the Santa Fe Independent School District V. Doe We see the debate between whether or not a religious event should be allowed to happen on school grounds. Should a religious event such a prayer be allowed before a football game on school grounds? Is it a constitutional violation to allow this event to happen? I believe that it is unconstitutional to not let the students say their prayers before the football games because they have the freedom of speech. Students should be able to say their prayers because it is what they believe...
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...THE HISTORY OF AFFRIMATIVE ACTION COLUMBIA COLLEGE Karla Reed Thomas Mae Hicks Jones, Instructor February 28, 2014 Abstract Affirmative action has been deemed as one of the most ground breaking accomplishments of the Civil Right Movement. Affirmative action has allowed a lot of children to be able to pursue dreams that they never thought would permissible. Racial discrimination has been an ever going trend here in the United States and in other countries for hundreds of years. Women and minorities are some of the leading people in this world who suffer the most from racial discrimination. By implementing affirmative action in all areas of our lives this world would come together and allow people to get to know people they wouldn’t have known because of the color division in this country. Students who are start at a disadvantage in school are given a boost to succeed with affirmative action. Affirmative action creates diversity in the workplace and in society. Affirmative action is needed to break stereotypes. Affirmative action is not reverse discrimination. A society can be color blind if they would learn how to base their decisions on character and not on color or gender. Affirmative action does not help a disqualified person move up in life if they do not have the skills need for the job they are doing. Introduction Racial discrimination has been around for thousands of years and the time came for some changes...
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...Running head: XEROX COMPANY Xerox Company Human resource professionals can ensure that top organizational leaders encourage managers and employees to follow laws and guidelines in the following ways: Human Resources professionals should make sure top organizational leaders and management are aware of major laws such as the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, the Americans with Disabilities Act, the Equal Pay Act and the Family and Medical Leave Act. HR should also encourage these organizational leaders to better understand the legal and safety issues associated with the company. In addition, technology plays a major role in Human resources. There are legal issues associated with email usage as well as internet use and organizational leaders need to be aware of these issues. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires employees to keep records of safety practices and incidents. Companies must have records of the information they provide to teach employees of possible health concern and dangers present in the work place. The HR professional should ensure that sexual harassment guidelines, laws and prevention methods are presented and understood by the organizational leaders. The Xerox Company is on the Fortune 500 global document management company that was founded in 1906. It launched an aggressive turnaround plan that returned the company to full-year profitability, along with decreasing debt, increasing cash, and continuing to invest...
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...felt more and more comfortable as the weeks went on and we became more acclimated to the area. Its wasn’t until we got our son settled into school that started to realize that the seemingly cozy neighborhood was actually struggling with races and religion issues that should have long been settled. As I became closer to my neighbors, we developed a close friendship with a community member named David and his family. They were born in Iraq, and moved to the United States in the early 70’s, they spoke English with a slight accent, but had adjusted to the way of American culture for the most part. After visiting their home I noticed that they were Muslim, as David and his wife and children would leave to go pray at particular times through the day. In talking I found that David had nowhere to pray, there were churches all around, but none served the religious beliefs of any one who wasn’t Catholic or Christian. David had told me that his children also were not allowed to pray in the school, he had brought up the issue at several different town meetings, but nothing was ever done to change or make him and his family or any other none Catholic or Christian families feel more at ease. I wanted to see if what David was telling me was true, so I started attending regular town meetings, to my surprise there were more African American families than I realized and a...
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...relations among the federal, state and local governments have become infinitely more complex (Meyer, 2007). The 1st change that has evolved is Civil Rights. According, to the Supreme Court, 1993-1996 overview past debates and on how to remedy past crimination and equalize opportunities for African Americans, Hispanics and other minority groups. In a number of closely divided rulings, the Court limited efforts to create majority-minority congressional districts to help elect more blacks and Hispanics to Congress. It also adopted a stricter test against the use of racial preferences in awarding government contracts. In addition, the Court sent lower federal court judges a strong signal to move more quickly to get out of school desegregation cases and restore schools to local control. The dispute over racial redistricting stemmed from efforts by civil rights groups, minority lawmakers and the federal government after the 1990 census to use the federal Voting Rights Act to force states to create more congressional districts with majority African American or Hispanic populations. These so called majority-minority districts helped elect a record number of minorities to Congress in 1992. But many of the districts were highly irregular in shape. White voters in some...
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...Risley, child psychologists at the University of Kansas, who in 1995 published the results of an intensive research project on language acquisition. Ten years earlier, they recruited 42 families with newborn children in Kansas City, and for the following three years they visited each family once a month, recording absolutely everything that occurred between the child and the parent or parents. The researchers then transcribed each encounter and analyzed each child’s language development and each parent’s communication style. They found, first, that vocabulary growth differed sharply by class and that the gap between the classes opened early. By age 3, children whose parents were professionals had vocabularies of about 1,100 words, and children whose parents were on welfare had vocabularies of about 525 words. The children’s I.Q.’s correlated closely to their vocabularies. The average I.Q. among the professional children was 117, and the welfare children had an average I.Q. of...
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...Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe, 530 US 290 (2000), Decided June 19, 2000 Question Presented: Does the Santa Fe ISD's policy allowing student-led prayer at football games violate the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment? Constitutional Provisions: Establishment Clause & Free Exercise Clause- 1st Amendment Facts of the Case: In 1995, the Does tried to put a restraining order on the ISD for violating the Establishment Clause at graduation ceremonies by allowing students to read Christian prayers from the stage. They also alleged that the ISD was encouraging students to join Baptist activities, berated those who held minority religious beliefs, gave out Gideon Bibles on school premises, and allowed students to read prayers over the public address system at games. The District...
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...Imbalance of Minorities in Our Prison System Brady Jacobs ENG 122: English Composition II Prof. Jennifer Chagala December 1, 2014 American prisons are highly racially imbalanced in a country that incarcerates more of its population than any other nation in the world. I see this first hand in my career as a correctional officer at a state prison. I see the imbalance every day and it doesn’t fluctuate. There are several reasons for this imbalance. Poverty, disrespect of legal structure, lack of discipline, inadequate education, and drugs are the main causes of the disproportionate ratio of minority inmates. The NAACP has a broken down some solid statistics on this issue as well. Poverty is one of the many contributing factors to why people are imprisoned. Poverty becomes more prevalent with minorities who have been previously incarcerated. It also becomes increasingly difficult for them to find a job once they are released from prison. Today’s economy is already stacked against them and if they are unable to find employment it could lead to recidivism. When people get desperate they tend to do desperate things. Here is a simple scenario: a man cannot get jobs earning money righteously so he will find other ways to provide for his family. Most men who try to make a dishonest living are eventually caught and are consequently incarcerated. Examples could range from anything to writing bad checks all the way to armed robbery. This may lead to...
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...& ANTHROPOLOGY CAPSTONE PRINCIPIA COLLEGE APRIL 2015 ABSTRACT Throughout history, the struggle of minorities has been seen in many facets of life such as in history, literature, music and film: Martin Luther King Jr. and Mahatma Gandhi fought for the right of unrepresented minorities. Books such as Too Kill a Mocking Bird spoke to the prejudices of a community. Movies such as Roots illustrated the hardship of the slaves. From the Roman’s persecution of Christians to today’s rap song lyrics about economic disparities the plight of the minority has been fought for millennium. This research examines the struggle of minorities within the juvenile justice system and the differential rates of adjudication and length of sentencing between the white majority and the black minority juvenile offenders. During the course of this research, additional insights were gained from an internship at a youth correctional center as well as drawing on my own personal experience as a refugee from Gabon. The findings of my research demonstrate that minority offenders do receive harsher sentences than the whites, and that there are several factors contributing to higher rates of juvenile delinquency among African Americans; primarily education and community. To consider the struggle of minorities is important because it creates awareness that the maltreatment of a minority group by the dominant majority often ends in violence and destruction. If we can understand what cause the inequality...
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...A consequence of this action was seen in the case Bakke v. UC Regents, a case in which medical schools were setting aside racial quotas and accepting this quota of African-American students even though it was proven that their test scores were generally lower (Abernathy 1233). These quotas are not just for either race and racial equality is ultimately set when race doesn’t play a factor in whether someone gets hired or accepted into a position. There has been a host of court cases in America dealing with this “Affirmative action” issue in colleges and graduate schools. A look at this progression will help people to understand where Affirmative action is today and how colleges accept students based on race. Bakke v. UC Regents is an example case of a bigger issue in America about the fairness of affirmative action. This case is also what the first case to appear that really dealt with a racial bias as it was concerned to acceptance into a professional school. While affirmative action is not the reason in which this school set racial quotas, the idea behind setting it is the same as the idea behind affirmative action. With this information, the parallels may be considered almost identical. UC Regents refers to the governing board of the state medical schools in California. This particular case happened at the University of California, Davis, which is a state Medical School in Davis, California. Allan Bakke applied...
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...Hamacher fully intended to apply again to the LSA and transfer from Michigan State University. But, he refused to do so until the University’s manner of considering race was prohibited. He was denied from competing with his fellow applicants on equal footing, due to the bonus points awarded for being a minority-race applicant. Another applicant with his exact credentials, if they were an “underrepresented minority”, would have been admitted. Hamacher had a stake in regard to his past and potential injuries. It is also held that the use of race in admissions by the LSA violated the Equal Protection Clause. Applicants were not assessed individually. Rather, they were first awarded bonus points for race (or not, if caucasian), and then maybe their application would be flagged for further review. This makes race the deciding factor, and therefore the policy is not narrowly tailored to uphold the strict scrutiny of the Court. It was also held that Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and 42 U.S.C. §1981 were violated here. Ultimately, it was a 6-3 decision, in favor of Gratz and...
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...Affirmative Action a Balancing Act ENG. 215 February 5, 2013 Affirmative Action a Balancing Act Many people believe that affirmative action laws are reverse discrimination and that these laws should be changed. Unfortunately in this country race is a determining factor in many aspects of daily living. Affirmative action laws simply balance the scales when it comes to determining whether race works for or against minorities. Affirmative action laws should not be changed, because it is an excellent program as demonstrated by the fact that two Supreme Court justices are products of affirmative action. Originally designed to overcome the disparities created by slavery and past discrimination affirmative action is still relevant in today’s society Affirmative action laws have been the subject of legal actions and disputes. In 2003 Michigan law school had to defend its affirmative action practices before the Supreme Court in the case of Grutter versus Bollinger (Garces, 2012). The court decided that colleges and universities have an obligation to consider race in a society where race matters. Another case is currently before the Supreme Court titled Fisher versus the University of Texas (Garces, 2012). A decision in this case is imminent and can have sweeping effects on the future of affirmative action laws. Many Americans do not understand affirmative action laws. Most people see it as a personal injury of giving priority to someone that...
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...Although federal rules say charter schools must use lottery for admission if there are more interests than spots, they also allow schools to set minimum eligibility in the form of test scores and GPA to even enter the lottery. This can also allow schools to set minimum parent participation hours, which benefits parents who are allowed to work less to support their family. Therefore, Scott and Villaviencio (2009) found that “many charter schools exercise strong control over student admissions and have self-selected populations.” Charter schools merely reform the rules governing schools which allow for more teacher seniority/pay and changes rules regarding curriculum and staffing. However, it does help to facilitate growth or chance in areas...
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...to go to school, to learn, to try to fit in an environment different from what we are already used to. It is very healthy to bring ourselves out of our comfort zones, but what happens when our schools, intentionally or not, push us down as individuals instead of pulling us up when we may already have so many other factors against us. Jonathan Kozol’s article "Still Separate, Still Unequal: America's Educational Apartheid." is essentially about Kozol visiting various different schools and how the environments are and the podcast titled “Three Miles: This American Life” conducted by Chana Joffe-Walt show the unfortunate obstacles students of low- income families have to overcome for their education. I believe that although the education system should not take full responsibility for the low income students’ failure because there are other factors involved, it is certainly part of the problem. When students are not encouraged, they don’t do their best. They believe that there is no use in even trying. Furthermore, when students are limited in what they can learn, they may begin to believe that it does not matter what becomes of them; society doesn't care about them developing into the best they can be. Lastly, when students see all that they are not receiving, this makes them feel that they are not...
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