...which the most powerful law is not that of sovereignty but that of supply and demand (Kinley, D., & Joseph, S., 2002)". Sometimes this means that a business needs to grow to accommodate these needs and wants. To keep customers happy and fulfill their requirements of getting it promptly and at a reasonable price, corporations have been expanding their business to other countries or outsourcing many of their operations. A significant issue that has become...
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...readers to consider that many other countries have laws against hate speech and that such laws have sometime been passed in the United States, although not nationally. I think this is because, as mentioned by Waldron, many countries consider hate laws in Europe and in other countries in which manifestations of hate are prohibited rather than tolerated in the name of free speech. I also think this because other countries in which have these hate laws, their constitutions acknowledge that basic rights, including freedom of expression, are legitimately subject to restriction. I think it isn’t consistent because many states vary in the extent to which they allow their national legislation be guided by international human-rights laws. The Foundation for Individual Rights in Education reviews the narrow definitions of exceptions for the free-speech clause of the U.S Constitution, noting that universities frequently go beyond these exceptions in their speech codes. Those narrow exceptions include: speech that incites reasonable people to immediate violence, so-called “fighting words”, harassment, true threats and intimidation, obscenity, and defamation. I think that universities go beyond these exceptions in their speech codes because of the recent events that have happened. For example, I think the Virginia Tech massacre made a lot of universities scared that something like that could happen at their university, so they started to go beyond exceptions of the free-speech clause to make...
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...is human governance essentially about? | | | | Meeting the education and development needs of members as part of a commitment to help members be knowledgeable and maintain their relevance in today's markets | | | 2. | How is human governance different from corporate governance? | | | | Corporate governance is manifested as an external, outside-in rules and regulations to legislate the corporations whereas human governance is an inside-out values-based conviction to guide the human where human is viewed essentially as a non-material soul and embodied in the physical being rather than as machine. Being parameter-driven and rule-based, corporate governance emphasises the letter of the law unlike human governance which is about the spirit of the law. | | | 3. | How will human governance benefit us? | | | | As the leading segment of society, business has become the most powerful force for positive change in the world today taking over the role of governments. Decision-making process of business now must take into consideration human well being and the interest of the people. For business corporations to assume this role is never easy since conflict can arise between serving the self and the public. History shows that the original corporations were actually regulatory agencies such as guilds or local governments and had nothing to do with profits. But, over time, events such as the formation of “joint stock companies” and the court’s...
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...Should Businesses Operating Today in New Zealand Go “Beyond Profits”? In 1970, it was argued by Nobel Prize-winning economist, Milton Friedman, that the only social responsibility of business is to increase its profits (Friedman, 1970). Since Friedman expounded his widely acclaimed philosophy on the social responsibility of business, many experts in the area of business and social responsibility have retaliated with their own views on corporate social responsibility (CSR). One of these views is the idea that businesses should go beyond the classic economic paradigm, a-la Friedman, to carry out certain responsibilities to society such as ethical and philanthropic responsibilities (Carroll, 1991). In order to have a better understanding of one’s position on the CSR debate, this essay will specifically target the corporate social responsibilities of businesses within a general New Zealand context so that one might precisely answer the question “Should Businesses Today Operate beyond Profits”? “Responsible governance” in New Zealand (NZ) management is equivalent to the organization’s “environmental, social and risk management practices and the interests of its shareholders and increasingly wide stakeholders (Birchfield, 2011). The definition of responsible governance seems to be in favor of the CSR position as businesses in NZ are clearly obliged to more responsibilities other than Friedman’s ultimate profit-maximizing goal. However, a resent consensus in the business consulting...
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...in 1215 * Common Law * Customs, traditions, legal precedents * If b is the result of a and c is equal to a then b is the result of c as well * Proof of acts * How do we prove things * Presumptions in law are set in hundreds of years of legal precedents * The party that has the burden of overcoming the presumption of that law has the burden of proof * At common law over the course of 300 years, three burdens of proof evolve. * The Default Position: * When in doubt, this is the burden of proof * Preponderance of the evidence * More likely than not * Whoever has the burden of proof, has the obligation to present anything over 50% * Ex: * Two people suing each other in a car accident * Person files compliant, other files counter, both have the burden * Have to prove the other ran the red light * Joint whiteness says that the traffic signal was working so someone did run the light * Person A has 17 witnesses that says B ran the light * B has 3 witnesses * From a quantitative basis, there is no question here * A has proven that he has the greater weight * B has someone that doesn’t know either party * Evidence is the default burden of proof * If a jury decides the evidence is even, whoever has the burden of proof loses. * Common law begins to realize that...
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...obvious that this Act has kept American’s safe since its existence, but we have to see how long our safety last without it. US Anti-Terrorism The US Government has to protect American’s even if it requires violating someone’s privacy, adding stringent policies for immigration laws, and deporting illegals. There are many people that debate these laws go against their civil rights, but they should have been considered long before the attacks on America. These are not laws that were enforced to take away the rights of everyone’s religious beliefs, but to target extremist who want to hurt innocent Americans. Our safety in this country is much more important than someone feeling violated. Without the help of surveillance after 911, there could have been a higher death toll due to hidden terrorist cells in this country. Surveillance seems to strike everyone as unconstitutional, but it goes beyond someone’s rights when terrorists are plotting against innocent people in this country. In a situation such as this, you have to ask if it’s patriotic to assist with these hidden terrorist cells by forbidding such security measures or if it’s indeed patriotic to allow the government to do whatever’s necessary to keep our country free and safe (ACLU, 2003). After 911, some immigrants were denied citizenship and even visas due to their associations and views, but this was for the safety of our country. The Patriot Act should have been enacted long before thousands lost their lives; why wait...
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...Reaction Paper to Beyond the Genome Science and Society - Fall 2007 Presented by Dave Cloud Summary of Beyond the Genome The articles “Beyond the Genome”, and “DNA Dilemmas” explores the positive and negative characteristics of genetic research in the 1990’s and beyond. The authors use ethical principles, case studies, and opinion poles from various age groups to assemble public reaction to what is emerging as a very complex issue in our society today. They ponder the questions of intervention vs. non-intervention in specific case studies about paternalism, dwarfism, privacy, and flawed gene heredity relating to retardation. In two of the cases, aborting the unborn fetus is at issue if the genetic test results do not favor the parents wishes for the child. This raises health, ethical, and legal arguments which are traditionally at cross-purposes. The issues even hearken back to Roe v. Wade whereby the reason to abort is indisputable. On the other hand, terminating an otherwise healthy fetus can be viewed as selective childbirth, not unlike “the abortion of female fetuses in China”. Having knowledge of what is to come, even in the future of the child’s life is making the difference. More parents are being told genetically determined information about their unborn and existing children, which prior to the advances in the last five years they had no access to. The case relating to paternity is purely a moral one. It focuses on the question of whether incidental information...
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...Riordan Corporate Compliance Plan Law 531 Riordan Corporate Compliance Plan Riordan Manufacturing, as a global plastics manufacturing company, has become a pioneer in its industry and has an employment base of approximately 550 people and has an annual earnings projected around $46 million. The company possesses a plant in Albany, Georgia that produces containers for beverage companies, a plant for manufacturing custom plastics in Pontiac, Michigan, and its Hangzhou, China plant develops plastic parts for fans. Riordan’s research and development group holds the title as the industry leader in identifying industry trends in research and development. Research and development activities are performed at Riordan’s corporate headquarters in San Jose, California. Beverage companies, automotive, aircraft, and appliance parts manufacturers and the Department of Defense are clients who can be found at the top of Riordan’s list of customers (University of Phoenix, 2012). Current Situation Riordan Manufacturing has recently suffered some strategic changes in the production and marketing areas. There are times when these types of changes begin to affect employee retention numbers. In order to make a business prosper, the company must take care of their employees. These leaders are concerned that employees might have private information and share it with commercial competitors. The other issue is that management is troubled that employees may leave because...
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...Which makes one person better and more important than the other depending on the court they are trailed in. In the civil courts, it is all about the accuser and with the criminal courts, it is all about the accused. It should not be like this because everyone deserves fair trails because both are human with human rights. The middle ground makes sure that is clear. It takes the best of both sides and brings it together. This will reduce some of the controversy surrounding this issue. The most important thing is that both persons feel like the trail was fair and with this approach, it makes that very possible. Peer sexual assault is a difficult problem to solve. Civil courts say that the focus should only be on the accuser. Criminal courts say the focus should only be on the accused. With these very different sides, there is much controversy caused due to these factors. It is important that both receive a fair trial because they both have a future at stake; the decision made could be life changing. The alternative is having it trailed at the highest standard within the civil courts. This alternative allows for both people to receive a fair trial. With that, it will lead to less...
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...Guidance tab. • Select the Enterprise Risk Management link. • Click MORE. • Select the Download (English) the free executive summary link. Research additional information in the Guidance and Resources sections at the COSO website. View the Riordan virtual organization. Create a corporate compliance plan consisting of no more than 2,450 words for Riordan. Focus your plan on managing the legal liability of officers and directors of Riordan. The plan must also address how to handle situations when laws are violated or in question (such as when to call in legal counsel, what rights the employees have, or who to turn to when actions are taken against Riordan). Your plan must also include the following: • Enterprise liability • Real and intellectual property • Governance principles of regulatory compliance requirements • The specific international laws or aspects of the law that must be adhered to by Riordan and an outline of these steps for employees to adhere to these laws Format your Corporate Compliance Plan as if you were going to distribute this to the officers and directors of Riordan. Outline the prevention and management guidelines of the legal aspects listed above. Implement enterprise risk management based on the COSO’s 8 interrelated components. COSO can be used to structure your plan. Be sure to incorporate key concepts from your readings where appropriate. You need to research requirements...
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...A miracle, as a broad definition, is an act of God that “transgresses the laws of nature” (David Hume), an act that seems to defy all rational. For many this offers strong evidence for the existence of God, as these inexplicable events must have a cause, that of a transcendent, metaphysical being. However, for others, most notably David Hume, miracles are a logical impossibility, an oxymoron if you will. He tried to prove, through a priori and a posterior reasoning that miracles, because of their metaphysical origin, cannot be what people claim them to be (intervention by God). Problems with the law of nature to language problems with the way miracles are experienced and reported provide ammunition for those that agree with the assumption in the title. By defining what miracles are and then exploring the criticisms and counter criticisms for these definitions we should arrive at a conclusion as to whether miracles, in the sense they are defined, are possible. Brian Davis proposed that there were two different types of miracles, the essential difference being the varying degree of possible divine intervention that can be attributed to the event. Strong Miracles are events that can only be attributed to God – he is intervening in the world to change the course of history. This may be, as Hume suggested, a “transgression of the laws of nature by a particular violation of the Deity, or by the interposition of some invisible agent”. However, Humey boy took issue with strong miracles...
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...people nowadays have really been questioning and asking themselves, “What’s the purpose of life”? If you really been questioning that then you’re really not living life to your fullest potential. The intelligent Greece philosopher Socrates once said “An unexamined life is not worth living”. Socrates stated this statement because it is saying one should examine their selves first before judging others in society and find the meaning and happiness of life. Socrates general reason for making this claim in my opinion is because is because he was tired of people living the “lazy’ life and not going beyond their ability to achieve the best to their ability. Socrates was put on trial for many things. Most importantly Socrates was put on trial because he was talking about false Gods and corrupting the youth. Socrates was a debatable person and hardly anyone on the town liked him. Socrates was known as someone who would challenge anyone's thinking; he did it through his endless and circular Socratic dialogues, and Socrates publicly questioned the Gods Athenians worshiped. Socrates was found guilty and was then sentenced. He would abide by the law and didn't even try to convince the jury he was innocent. Socrates preformed his own sentence on his own by drinking poison and ended up killing himself. Socrates really did not have a lot of fans on his side because everyone just thought he was better and wiser than them. The only way they were able to get rid of him was accuse him of wrong doing...
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...help us to decide right from wrong, aside from what our true desires may be. These morals just cannot manifest themselves or be made up as we go; they are based upon principles put in place by an outside force as the foundation for life. Additionally, Morals are very similar across cultures. Not to a granular extent, but more on a foundational level in order that we may coexist better with each other. Moral laws speak not in the sense of how a person behaves, but specifically how they should behave. Moral laws do not have properties as other laws do in life. As Lewis puts it: “…when you are dealing with humans, something else comes in above and beyond the actual facts. You have the facts (how men do behave) and you also have something else (how they ought to behave)”. (2007, p. 25) It is that knowledge of how we should behave that separates a Moral law from any other law, and the fact that the very idea of it is inescapable to us. My position. Morals cannot vary from each individual and be found to be good. There must be evidential meaning in the foundations of the belief. In other words, it cannot be considered good to commit an act of evil. Sets of moral beliefs that are common to man are built upon a truth that is put inside of us by an entity having the intellect and power to do so and that being is God. Should we not have been given this ability to...
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...CompCARE and Employees 10. Doctors and Hospitals who were dealing with CompCARE 11. Donna, Tom and Ayesha 12. Wellco The Ethics of PharmaCARE in Colberia:- Now days it has become a critical measure for companies (small and Large) to abide by ethical standards, which are designed to protect the well-being of society they are operating in and marketing with. In doing so companies, especially big corporations like PharmaCARE, are expected to have certain type of ethical standards as well as embrace and implement (CSR) corporate social responsibility policies and strategies in every aspect of their operation and beyond. According to David Vogel the definition of CSR is ‘practices that improve the workplace and benefit society in ways that go above and beyond what companies are legally required to do’ (Alexander (Sascha) K. Nussbaum). In light of this we can observe that the operational activities of PharmaCARE in Colberia were in fact completely contrary to the company’s claim of caring about the world. In spite of exploiting the people and the indigenous healers of the country, the fact that they did not have a tiny bit of initiative to improve the living standard of the people clearly shows that the company’s claims are simply superficial and bogus. One of the major tenets of CSR is contributing to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the community and society at large. However the activities of the...
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...happened? Should we blame weak laws, or did the U.S. Justice Department lack of effort? In public’s perspective, some leaders from Wall Street should take responsibility to this huge crisis. This Video “The Untouchable” is trying to investigated the inner reason of this phenomenon and let publics know more information behind this huge crisis. The video keeps asking the question again and again in the video: “why no criminal prosecution of Wall Street executives or major Wall Street firms for activities related to the financial crisis?” By listening the opinions from different groups such as due diligence, people from justice department or leaders in Wall Street, we can get deeper understanding of this crisis. Mistakes always give us chance to learn from it and we can learn a lot from this financial crisis, and there are three major learnings for me from this video. First, never loosen the standard of your company. This videos give us a bad example which is Countrywide Company. Greed driven them loosen their standard and give loan to every customer even they do not have ability to pay it back. The main reason of this huge financial crisis is many companies loosen their standard like Countrywide. Many customers cannot pay the money back and make the capital chain break, tones of company bankruptcy. Once you make mistake like this, it is hard to pull it back. Second, respect the law. Even many people think some leaders in Wall Street have criminal intend and should go to jail,...
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