...CONTENTS TOPIC SINGAPORE PAGE NO 1. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF TAXATION IN SINGAPORE 3-4 2. UNDERSTANDING THE SINGAPORE TAX SYSTEM 4-6 3. TAX RATES 6 4. TAX ADMINISTRATION AND COMPLIANCE 7 NEWZEALAND 5. TAXATION IN NEWZEALAND 7-8 6. INCOME SUBJECT TO TAX 8-9 7. TAX RATES 9-11 8. TAX ADMINISTRATION AND COMPLIANCE 11 1. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF TAXATION IN SINGAPORE The scope of taxation in Singapore 1. Income tax is charged on income from an employment exercised in Singapore and on any income accrued in or derived from Singapore, regardless of the tax residency of the individual. The taxability of employment income depends on where the services are performed, not where the payment is made or where the employer is resident. 2. With effect from 1 January 2004, income derived from sources outside Singapore, even if received in Singapore (except for income received through a partnership in Singapore), is exempt from Singapore tax. The tax year 3. In Singapore, an individual's income of the preceding calendar year ('tax year') is assessed to tax in the following calendar year ('Year of Assessment'). For example, if an individual commenced his or her employment in Singapore in April 2010, the employment income derived in the period April to December 2010 will be chargeable to tax in Year of Assessment (“YA”) 2011. Methods of calculating tax 4. Resident individuals are entitled to personal...
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...Doing business in Singapore Table 1. Profile of Singapore Name Singapore Geographic location East Asia Current form of state City state with parliamentary democracy Previous form of state British colony (1819±1959) Member of Malaysia (1959±1965) Land area 647.5 sq. km Population 3.04 million (mid-1996 estimate) Population growth (1993±1997) 2% per year Population make-up Chinese (77.3%) (Singapore, as of June 1996) Malay (14.1%) Languages English, Chinese, Malay and Tamil GDP (US$) $94.1 billion (1996) GDP per head (US$) $30 900 (1996) GDP growth (1988±1997) 2.67 times Economic status Newly industrialized economy Type of industrialization Export-oriented Major industries by % of GDP Finance...
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...OVERVIEW Overview of GST GST (good and service tax), other words it also known as VAT (value added tax). It have implemented in many countries throughout the world. Currently there are 170 counties in the world that have implemented GST /VAT. NO REGION No of country 1 ASEAN 7 2 Asia 19 3 Europe 53 4 Oceania 7 5 Africa 44 6 South Africa 11 7 Caribbean, Central and North America 19 Table 1: No of countries implement GST/VAT Sources: Ministry of Finance GST is a multi-stage tax system, this is due to its nature which the tax is collected based on the supply of goods and services at each of the supply chain from the supplier to the retailer stage of the distribution. Even though GST is imposed at every stage of the supply chain, but the tax element will be not become a part of the cost of the product, because the GST paid on the business inputs is claimable as input tax. Where the business will pay the GST as output tax and claim for the input tax from the customs. In addition, it does not matter how many stages where a particular goods and services goes through the supply chain because the input tax incurred at the previous stage is always deductible by the businesses at the next in the supply chain. GST consider as a broad based consumption tax, which includes all sectors of the economy. In Malaysia the GST have been establish in a very clear manner, for example all goods and services made in Malaysia...
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...AND SERVICES TAX (GST) IMPLEMENTATION IN MALAYSIA CHAPTER ONE - INTRODUCTION 1.1 Backgroud of Study Malaysian taxation system is generally divided into two, which are direct taxes and indirect taxes. Indirect taxes are controlled by the Royal Malaysian Custom Department (RMCD) and it consists of four components such as excise duties, customs duty, sales tax and service tax. Direct taxes are under the control of the Inland Revenue Board of Malaysia (IRBM). The IRBM is responsible for all policies relating to direct taxes such as income tax of individual and business, petroleum income tax, real property expansions tax, and stamp duty. From the government perception, taxation is a vital economic tool because it can be employed to regulate the economy, to invigorate economic growth through the granting of fiscal incentives as a principal aim of implementing tax policies and to provide funds for development projects (JeyapalanKasipillai, 2005). The contribution of direct taxes and indirect taxes to government revenue in 2009 amounted to RM78.375 billion (49.4%) and RM28.129 billion (1 7.73%), respectively. This shows that taxation contributes more than 60% to the Malaysian government revenue. Recently, the Malaysian government established the implementation of goods and services tax (GST) to replace Sales Tax and Services Tax (SST). The GST plan was first raised in 1988 but at the time it was considered unnecessary because the sales tax and services tax was effectively...
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...bus station; taxis under Comfort and CityCab brand names; and underground driverless rail system and light rapid transit systems in Sengkang and Punggol. The company also engages in the rental, leasing, and distribution of cars; and provision of automotive engineering services, including fleet maintenance, general repairs, engine diagnostic and tune-up services, system overhaul, crash repairs, and automotive consultancy services, as well as vehicle design and assembly, component re-manufacturing, vehicle recovery, and towing services. In addition, it offers vehicle inspection and testing services comprising testing, calibration, inspection, consultancy, and training services to various industries, such as the aerospace, building and construction, electronics, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, engineering, chemical, and biotechnology. Further, the company operates ComfortDelGro driving centre, which provides driving instruction for motorcars, motorcycles, bus, and taxi vocational license, as well as corporate training services. Additionally, it offers insurance broking services for traditional insurance products and alternative risk financing instruments; and outdoor advertising services. The company operates a fleet of 46,200 vehicles. It operates in Singapore, the United Kingdom, Ireland, China, Australia, Vietnam, and Malaysia. The company was founded in 2003 and is headquartered in Singapore. 【History】 The Group was formed on 29 March 2003 through the merger of two land transport...
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...Introduction Singapore is an economically well-developed country; it enjoys a remarkably open and corruption free environment, stable price and a GDP per capita that is higher than most developed countries. Singapore depends heavily on exports, particularly in technology and biomedical, and services provide the main source of revenue for its economy. Singapore has attracted major investments in pharmaceuticals and medical technology production and will continue to establish itself as Southeast Asia’s financial and high tech hub. A Production Output Performance Analysis, Labour Market Analysis and Price Level Analysis will be provided from the viewpoint of Singapore’s economy to assess the performance trends over the past 10 years and what measures Singapore government has taken to achieve such performance. Production Output Performance Analysis The graph above shows Singapore GPD at constant prices The graph above shows Singapore GDP annual growth rate The graph above shows Singapore GDP per capita based on PPP Singapore has strong economic growth since 2004 after adapting to several shocks which include the global economic slowdown in 2001, the outbreak of SARS and the Iraq war in 2003, which affect tourism badly Singapore has a GDP growth of average 8.6% from 2004-2007. The economy contracted 0.6% in 2009 due to financial crisis, but rebounded 15.2% in 2010 on the strength of renewed exports, before slowing to 6.0% in 2011, 2.5% in 2013 and 3.8% in 2013, largely due...
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...ESH S FR AY ALWTH MA A BY K IA IND AL GIN ORI Scoop it up Naturally. A projec t on Adv er tising Contemp in orar y So ciety to foreign m study arketing environm ents. NATURAL ICECREAM Coming to Singapore Natural Ice Cream Singapore Ltd. VI. MARKETING ENVIRONMENTS i. GEOGRAPHICAL ENVIRONMENT Location: South-eastern Asia, islands between Malaysia and Indonesia Area: total: 647.5 sq km Land: 637.5 sq km Water: 10 sq km Land boundaries: 0 km Coastline: 193 km Terrain: lowland Irrigated land: NA Natural hazards: NA Its major natural resources are its location and its deep-water harbour. Singapore, though small, has a varied topography. The centre of the island contains a number of rounded granitic hills that include the highest point. The island originally was covered with tropical rain forest and fringed with mangrove swamps. Since the founding of the city in 1819, the natural landscape has been altered by human hands, a process that was accelerated in the 1970s and 1980s. By 1988, Singapore's land area was 49 percent built up, and forest covered only 2.5 percent. • • • • • Singapore Weather ! Singapore is two degrees north of the equator and has a tropical climate, with high temperatures moderated by the influence of the sea. ! Average daily temperature and humidity are high, with a mean maximum of 31°C and a relative humidity of 70 to 80 percent in the afternoon. ! Rain falls throughout the year, but is heaviest during the early northeast monsoon from...
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...Lien Centre for Social Innovation Social Insight Research Series Inequality, Poverty and Unmet Social Needs in Singapore A Handbook on A Handbook on Inequality, Poverty and Unmet Social Needs in Singapore Lien Centre for Social Innovation CATHERINE J. SMITH (Additional research and writing by John Donaldson, Sanushka Mudaliar, Mumtaz Md Kadir and Yeoh Lam Keong) As this handbook is intended to provide an overview of the arguments of others, the role of the authors largely consisted of compiling, arranging, and contextualizing. Further, the ideas expressed herein, which are various and often contradictory, do not necessarily represent the views of the handbook’s authors, or of the staff and Board of the Lien Centre for Social Innovation. Copyright © March, 2015 by Lien Centre for Social Innovation. All rights reserved. Published by the Lien Centre for Social Innovation Singapore Management University, Administration Building, 81 Victoria Street, Singapore 188065 www.lcsi.smu.edu.sg No part nor entirety of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, or stored in any retrieval system of any nature without the prior written permission of the Lien Centre. Readers should be aware that internet websites offered as citations and/ or sources for further information may have changed or disappeared between the time this was written and when it was read. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and authors...
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...Background Taxation is one of the important elements in managing national income, especially in developed countries and has played an important role in civilized societies since their birth thousands years ago (Lymer and Oats, 2009). The introduction of Goods and Service Tax (GST) was first announced in Malaysia Budget 2005, and then projected to be implement in January 2007. In February 2006, government has announced that the implementation would be postponed to a later date. In 2010, it was when Government finalizing the study of the implementation of GST and identifying the social impact of GST on the public and inviting many discussions among expert and GST proponents publicly. The uncertainty on GST implementation cast many doubts as to whether Malaysia needed the GST regime, and if so, what could be the public benefits to the public from this exercise. The government had putting a great effort in promoting the implementation of GST, however an attention to educate the public of GST understanding should be in place as well. Hence, GST is not a new exercise of tax; with more than 140 countries worldwide having had implemented GST, and this is includesd many developed and developing countries e.g. US, UK, France, Germany, Brazil, Argentina, Singapore, Cambodia and more. The proposed GST rate is at 6% initially and it is a broad based consumption tax to replace the current sales tax of 10% and service tax of 6%. In Malaysia, the introduction of GST is aimed at reducing the...
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...12-19 Indexing and Abstracting: Ulrich's - Global Serials Directory Goods and Services Tax (GST): A New Tax Reform in Malaysia Nor Hafizah Abdul Mansor Faculty of Accountancy Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Malaysia Email: norha058@johor.uitm.edu.my Azleen Ilias College of Business and Accounting, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Malaysia Email: Azleens@uniten.edu.my Abstract The Goods and Services Tax (GST) is becoming one of the most prominent topics in Malaysia. The announcement by the Malaysian Ministry of Finance (MOF) in the Budget 2010 on the implementation of GST had created various reactions from practitioners, academicians, general public and most important businesses. GST is one of the tools that are proposed by the Government to reduce continuous deficit budget in Malaysia. This paper discusses the GST as a new tax reform in Malaysia, and covers several issues in order to enhance the understanding and readiness among Malaysian in adopting GST. Keywords: Tax reform; GST; budget deficit. 1. Introduction The introduction of Goods and Services Tax (GST) was first announced in the Budget 2005 in order to replace the existing sales and services tax structure in Malaysia. This new tax reform is projected to be implemented in January 2007. However, the Government has announced on 22 February 2006 that the implementation would be postponed to a later date. Recently in Budget 2010 the Government is currently at the final stage of completing the study on the implementation...
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...directly analyze Singapore in his analysis, although many of his suggested areas for improvement can be found in Singapore’s strategy over the past 50 years. In many ways, the Singapore Model has been an example of success in focusing on productivity to produce growth and value. It also provides a counterexample to several of Lewis’ ideas arguing against market distortions and level playing fields. I will now outline Lewis’ main ideas, and analyze them according to the Singaporean experience: - Industry Analysis: Lewis advocates for analysis at the industry level, rather than the macroeconomic level. Singapore has also followed an approach that has favored industrial policy. Recognizing its lack of natural resources, Singapore since the 1960s has focused on investing in 4 key industries: ship refitting and repair, metal engineering, chemicals and electrical equipment. The current emphasis is on the biomedical science industry. Singapore has been effective at identifying key industry “clusters” for development and growth, strategies that move its economy up the value chain towards knowledge-based sectors. The country can improve upon this by identifying new industries, such as the latest focus on biotechnology, which are beyond the currently established industries from decades past. - Skill training vs. education: Lewis argues that education is not directly linked to productivity, and that job skill training is more important to a society. In 1979, Singapore created the Skills...
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...singapore airlines annual report 2009/2010 Singapore Airlines achieved a net profit attributable to equity holders of S$216 million for the financial year ended 31 March 2010. During the first half of the year, demand for air travel declined due to the global economic slowdown as well as the outbreak of Influenza A (H1N1). The Group recorded a net loss attributable to equity holders of S$466 million for the first half of the financial year. Despite the difficult times, the Airline did not lose sight of its commitment to delivering product and service innovation. Singapore Airlines continued to invest in its long-term future by flying its flagship aircraft, the Airbus A380, to more destinations, rolling out a cabin renewal programme for selected Boeing 777 aircraft, and opening a new service centre in the heart of Singapore’s premier shopping belt. Market conditions gradually improved in the second half of the financial year. Reflecting this, the Airline recorded higher passenger and cargo traffic. Together with the S$404 million net profit in the third quarter, the fourth quarter net profit of S$278 million reversed the S$466 million loss recorded in the first half of the financial year. The business outlook for the Group in FY 2010-2011 is encouraging, although the sustainability of the recovery depends on developments in the world economy and on business and consumer confidence. The Airline plans to increase capacity in a measured manner in the new financial year. This...
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...Lesson from Malaysian Companies towards Goods and Services Tax (GST) Mohd Rizal Palil1, Rosiati Ramli1, Ahmad Fariq Mustapha1 & Norul Syuhada Abu Hassan1 1 School of Accounting, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia Correspondence: Mohd Rizal Palil, School of Accounting, Faculty of Economics and Management, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. E-mail: mr_palil@ukm.my Received: May 6, 2013 Accepted: June 20, 2013 Online Published: August 30, 2013 doi:10.5539/ass.v9n11p135 Abstract URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v9n11p135 Various parties including academics, professionals and the society (the potential GST payers) are arguing about the introduction of GST in Malaysia. Goods and Services Tax (GST) or Value Added Tax (VAT) is a consumption tax imposed on the sale of goods and services. The Malaysian government introduce this potential tax mechanism, in order to increase the existing tax bracket and replacing the long-implemented service and sales taxes. With the introduction of GST, the Malaysian government felt it would provide them with the prospect to reduce the rates of individual and corporate income tax. However, do all companies particularly small and medium enterprises (Companies) ready to adopt the systems efficiently? If they could adopt the system, how much their compliance costs involved such as developing new software, human resource training and accounting systems? The objective of this paper is to obtain companies’ compliance...
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...Limited ed Annual Report 2012 Like Reading LIKE READING become a publisher of textbooks, arts and literary books as well as magazines for children and adult. During his life, he published notable works on Chinese Literature from Malaysia as well as stories for youth: The Historical Scripts of New Chinese Literature in Malaysia ( ), Nanyang Digest ( ), Nanyang Literature ( ), World Youth ( ) and World Children ( ). Such publications were welcomed by readers, young and old. They were knowledge and cultural nourishment dearly needed at that time. In the 1980s, the education in Singapore and Malaysia took a sharp and critical turn, resulting in the decline of Chinese language. The current Chairman of POPULAR, Mr Chou Cheng Ngok, remains resolute in upholding the mission of his father to preserve the heritage of the Chinese culture. Starting in 2006, POPULAR has been organising the annual BookFests in Singapore, Malaysia and Hong Kong. In doing so, POPULAR continues to attract not only regular POPULAR customers but also fervent book readers from all walks of life. Our BookFests have grown into a fullscale cultural platform for book publishers and booksellers to interact and exchange ideas. Technology advances rapidly. E-books pose a threat to physical books. Heavy discounts offered by online bookstores put brick-and-mortar bookstores on the defensive. The spell of doom seems to cast over the independent...
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...COUNTRY RISK ANALYSIS INDONESIA D Dr.H. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono President (RI) Short facts : Short facts Official name Capital city Government type Currency Population Official language Geography The republic of Indonesia Jakarta Republic Rupiah (IDR) 236 million people Bahasa Indonesia 17,508 islands & 1,919,440 sq km of land area & coastline 54,716kms Continued... : Continued... Ethnicity GDP GDP per capita Revenues Expenses Inflation rate 85% muslims, 10% christians, 2% muslims US$932.1 billion US $3,900 $92.62 billion $98.88 billion 5.3% GDP growth : GDP growth Setting up Business Activities and a Company in Indonesia : Setting up Business Activities and a Company in Indonesia To establish a business in Indonesia, if you do not require a local legal entity for the investment proposed, you could choose to appoint an Agent or Distributor, or set up a Representative Office. Many foreign investors at the early stage of entering the Indonesia market choose to set up an Agency Agreement or Representative Office, then later after the business starts to grow they will apply for a Foreign Direct Investment Company (FDI) status. To establish a representative office, the company needs to issue 3 letters : To establish a representative office, the company needs to issue 3 letters Letter of Intent - stating the intention of the company to establish a representative office Letter of Appointment - stating the appointment of the chief representative Letter of...
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