...SKIN CANCER & TANNING The idea of a “healthy tan” is a myth which must be corrected in order to reduce the increasing incidence of skin cancer in the world. An individual's skin color is determined by their genes and their environment. Our skin can change color in reaction to sun exposure. This is called the "tanning response." When skin absorbs UV radiation, melanin is produced and transferred to the keratinocytes cells within the skin thereby darkening the color of the skin. Melanin in the skin absorbs and scatters UV radiation entering the body and helps protect the skin from adverse reactions to radiation. Thus, the "tanning response" is really a defensive reaction by the body to the presence of damaging radiation, and an effort by the body to protect itself from the harmful affect of ultraviolet A and ultraviolet B (UVA and UVB) rays (“Anatomy”). A tan still remains in the minds of many as socially desirable. Each day we are confronted with images on television and in magazines of golden-brown models and celebrities. In addition, we are the targets of local advertising and promotion of tanning salons. People must understand that a tan is not necessary; and that in addition to the premature aging of the skin, there are serious and possibly deadly consequences from the overexposure of one’s body to UVA and/or UVB rays. The deadly consequence is skin cancer. When people think of cancer they relate to the threat of colon cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate...
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...persons who spend a majority of their time outdoors training and practising their respective sports, teenagers who love to be outdoors all the time and 4)people prone to skin cancer. - Market size for each of these possible segments is that Mintel forecasts 18% growth for the total sun care market at current prices from 2008 to 2013, resulting in an estimated worth of £305 million. - Much depends on the weather and people’s desire to go on holiday in the UK or abroad. More than a third of adults intend to holiday more in the UK if the cost of travel rises and suncare brands must increase efforts to educate people on the need to use sunscreen in the UK. - Sun protection forms the largest sector in the suncare market, accounting for almost two thirds of value sales in 2011. The self-tan sector is in second place, accounting for 28% of sales, and aftersun accounts for 8% of sales. - There has been an increasing trend of trading up to higher SPF products in the sun protection sector, as consumers become more aware of sun safety thus seeking sunscreens that offer maximum protection. Products with factors over 30 take 71% of sun protection sector sales in 2011. Incidence of malignant melanoma According to the Office for National Statistics, the incidence of malignant melanoma has...
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...Skin Cancer Mary Mark Coahoma Community College Anatomy & Physiology I Ms. Letha Richards October 15, 2014 Abstract Skin cancer is a term used to describe cancer in skin tissues. The skin is made of several layers. Skin cancer is classified according to the layer it develops in. Skin cancer is classified according to the layer it develops in. Skin cancer is a disease that can affect any one. Skin cancer includes many types that can be classified as severe or superficial. Consequently, treatments of skin cancer depend on the degree of severity a person has. In the following paper, I will shed lights on the types of skin cancer such as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Skin cancer is an abnormal growth of skin cells that usually develops on skin exposed to the sun. Skin cancer can be found in the early stage, which can usually be cured if treated before the spread. Skin cancer begins where we can see it, such as on the face or arms. Some signs may include, growing bumps, changing mole and/or a dry and scaly rough patch. In this paper, I will explain the three major types of skin cancers, such as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is abnormal, uncontrolled growths that arise in the skin’s basal cells, which line the deepest layer of the epidermis. BCC’s usually appears and look like open sores, red patches, or scars. According to (skincancer.org) “An estimated 2.8 million cases of BCC...
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...garments, the clothing is classified into different types of composition, which takes in to account the yarn and color. The fabric that can offer the best rating for ultraviolet protection is the knitted fabric, which is being used for sport T-shirts. Normal T-shirts show a very low rating when it comes to protection against the sun. Not all shirts have the labeling information in regards to ultraviolet protection, but it would be helpful for the consumer to have that information. Erdmann, F., Lorter-Tieulent, J., Schuz, J., Zeeb, H., Greinert, R., Brietbart, E. W., & Bray, F. (2012, May 21). International trends in the incidence of malignant melanoma 1953-2008-are recent generations at higher or lower risk? International Journal of Cancer, 132 (2), 385- 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.27616 This article discusses how malignant melanoma has been increasing over the past 50 years in primarily fair-skinned people....
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...Introduction The skin is the largest organ in the body and it protects all of our internal structures such as other organs (e.g. the heart) and glands. The main function of the skin is to be a first line of defense for the body. It protects the body from harmful UV rays that are emitted from the sun and it also helps to regulate body temperature. For example, if it gets to hot outside the skin will cool the body by secreting perspiration. Plus it helps us to sense our surroundings through the many nerves located on its surface. Like all other organs the skin is susceptible to things that may harm it such as skin cancer, cannibalism, psoriasis, seborrhea, and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis . Skin cancer occurs when malignant tumors prosper on the skin and it is a very serious health issue. Diagram depicting the skin and its many layers What are the three types of skin cancer? The three types of skin cancers are melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. Diagram of the three types of skin cancers • Melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer. It forms when the cells that create skin pigment, melanocytes, are exposed to prolonged ultraviolet radiation and have unrepaired damage in their DNA. Whenever skin is exposed to UV radiation (sunlight/indoor tanning), DNA in the skin cells get damaged. This is normal, because the DNA can be repaired. But when in UV too long, the damage is either too much to repair or the repair isn't fast enough. Melanocytes...
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...areas of the body including the mucous membranes and genitals, but are most familiar in areas commonly exposed to the sun, such as the rim of the ear, lower lip, face, bald scalp, neck, hands, arms and legs. Often the skin in these areas reveals telltale signs of sun damage, such as wrinkling, changes in pigmentation, and loss of elasticity. The most hazardous form of skin cancer, these cancerous growths progress when unrepaired DNA damage to skin cells triggers mutations (genetic defects) that lead the skin cells to multiply rapidly and form malignant tumors. These tumors originate in the pigment-producing melanocytes in the basal layer of the epidermis. Melanomas often resemble moles; some develop from moles. The majority of melanomas are black or brown, but they can also be skin-colored, pink, red, purple, blue or white. Melanoma is caused mainly by intense, occasional UV exposure, especially in those who are genetically predisposed to the disease. Melanoma kills an estimated 8,790 people in the US annually. If melanoma is recognized and treated early, it is almost always curable, but if it is not, the cancer can advance and spread to other parts of the body, where it becomes hard to treat and can be fatal. While it is not the most common of the skin cancers, it causes the most deaths....
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...Chronic Disease Risk Assessment SCI/162 - Principles of Health and Wellness November 2, 2013 Rachel Smith What is Melanoma? The definition of melanoma is, “any of several malignant neoplasms (usually of the skin) consisting of melanocytes”. Melanoma is a common skin disease in which cancer cells are found in the cells that color the skin. It mainly is found in adults however, this can also be found in children and young adults as well. Men and women can both get melanoma but studies have shown that more women than men tend to get it. Some risk factors for melanoma cancer would be having fair complexion, having light hair such as blond or red hair, light-colored eyes (blue or green), having freckles or sunburn easily. If you fall into any of these categories you are more likely to develop melanoma than someone with a darker complexion. Although your risks are decreased if you have a darker complexion you are still at risk for getting melanoma. If you have ever had a severe sunburn or blistered from one this can increase your risk of melanoma as an adult. Tanning beds have also been linked to melanoma cancer because of the ultraviolet (UV) lamp bulbs and UV rays from the sun will increase the risk of skin cancer, including melanoma. Another risk factor melanoma is geographical location. People who live in Kenya, Uganda, Ecuador, and Columbia are closer to the earth's equator. Where the sun's rays are more direct. They experience higher amounts of UV radiation....
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...protected her skin from the sun actually has the skin of a 30-year-old! We often link a glowing complexion with good health, but skin color from being in the sun – or in a tanning booth – actually speeds up the effects of aging and increases your risk for developing skin cancer. Sun exposure causes most of the skin changes that we think of as a normal part of aging. Over time, the sun's ultraviolet (UV) light damages the fibers in the skin called elastin. When these fibers break down, the skin begins to sag, stretch, and lose its ability to go back into place after stretching. The skin also bruises and tears more easily taking longer to heal. So while sun damage to the skin may not be noticeable when you're young, it will definitely show later in life. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun is the number-one cause of skin cancer, but UV light from tanning beds is just as harmful. Skin cancer is the most widespread form of all cancers in the U.S. and the number of cases continues to rise. It is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal skin cells. This rapid growth results in tumors, which are either benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous). There are three main types of skin cancer: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma. Basal cell and squamous cell cancers are less serious types and make up 95% of all skin cancers. Also referred to as non-melanoma skin cancers, they are highly curable when treated early. Melanoma, made up of abnormal skin pigment cells...
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...xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx English 101 25 March 2011 Student/Teacher Memo 1. What was your purpose? What effect were you trying to achieve? My purpose was to write about tanning as a cause of the skin cancer, and about skin cancer as a consequence of tanning. 2. What was interesting about the process you went through in writing this paper, and what did you learn from it? It was very interesting to research about skin cancer, as I am particularly interested on the subject. I also did not know tanning or any ultraviolet radiation exposure can have such serious consequences. 3. What was the most difficult aspect about this paper, and what did you learn from the attempt? It was difficult to give it a clear structure on cause/effect, although the subject clearly illustrates this structure. 4. What do you see as the strengths of the paper, and what would you try to do if you were to revise it some more? The strength of the paper is the very reliable sources. 5. What’s not a part of your paper that you think might help a reader understand or appreciate it more? What didn’t you put in? I did not further develop on skin cancer, how it presents and develops. 6. What kind of grammar or formatting feedback would you like from your instructor? I would appreciate full feedback on both. 7. When using the APUS Online Library article databases, did you evaluate the credibility of the sources you chose? Yes. 8. Are your memo and essay in correct MLA format? Yes. 9. Did you save...
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...week of gestation d. Present in the face, scalp, mid-line of back, perineum e. Controlled by estrogens Which of the following is TRUE? Select one: a. Basal –epidermal transit time is 25 days b. Sweat has a pH of 3.5-3.9 c. Apocrine secretion has an odor d. Eccrine sweat glands are found in mucous membranes e. None of the other listed options is true Which of the following is TRUE? Select one: a. The skin barrier has no significant role in the pathology of eczema b. There are different forms of eczema c. There are different forms of eczema d. You can grow out of eczema e....
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...are still playing in the sun without sunscreen or protective clothing. Many people these days are not taking skin cancer seriously after knowing its significance. Skin cancer has been a growing problem in the United States and millions of people have suffered from it every year. The three most common skin cancers are Melanoma, Basal cell, and Squamous cell, which can cause bumps, sores, growths, etc. Skin cancer is a deadly disease with many causes, but the advantage is that it can be prevented. Problem/Definition Skin cancer is a disease where cancer (malignant) cells are found on the outer layer of the skin (epidermis). The three types of cells found in the epidermis are squamous cells, basal cells, and melanocytes. These cells in time grow to be cancerous. Thus, the three types of skin cancers are squamous cell, basal cell, and melanoma. Melanoma is the most deadliest and destructive type of cancer. (“Skin Cancer” infotrac.com) The number of people with melanoma has risen in Scotland from 3.5 in 1979 to 10.6 per 100,000 in 1998 for men and 7.0 to 13.1 for women. (Miller 945) Squamous cell and Basal cell skin cancer can kill up to 2,200 people a year in the United States. (Sommerfield SIRS.com) Basal cell, being the most common type of skin cancer, is the cancer that about 75 percent of the people have. (“Skin Cancer “ infotrac.com) Melanoma is mostly seen in older men but ever since tanning came in during the 1970’s, it has increased in women 60...
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...Cancer is a disease that begins in the cells of the body. In normal situations, the cells grow and divide as the body needs them. No more, no less. This orderly process is disturbed when new cells form that the body were not needed and old cells don't die when they should. These extra cells lump together to form a growth or tumor. Understanding tumors Two types of tumors exist, benign and malignant. Benign tumors are not cancerous. They can usually be removed and generally don't grow back once they're gone. The cells in benign tumors don't spread and it is rare for a benign tumor to be life-threatening. Malignant tumors, on the other hand, are cancerous. The cells in them are abnormal and divide randomly and chaotically. The cells behave aggressively and attack the tissue around them. They also can jump away from the malignant tumor and enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system to form new tumors in other parts of the body. This type of spread is known as metastasis. Types of cancer There are virtually dozens of different cancer types. The most common in the US is a non-melanoma skin cancer. Close to one million new cases of it were reported in the US in 2005. Breast, lung and prostate cancer also are very common. Effects of cancer A cancer diagnosis permanently changes your life -- sometimes surprisingly for the better and other times with dire consequences. You are suddenly faced with hundreds of decisions, from choosing a doctor, to considering different treatments...
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...lotions, tanning foams, tanning crèmes and even moisturizers with built in tans, the list is endless! Since we as a society have so many safer options to offer, why are consumers still continuing to put their health at risk for the same results? “The only safe tan is a fake one.” – Alice Smellie, Daily mail. Ultimately, it is worth considering the long-term effects of tanning in a sunbed. The reason why a vast majority of men and women trade their health in for a tan is to feel more attractive and confident (Hutchison, 2010) but does the image of ‘attraction’ involve premature wrinkles? Sunspots? The UV light that penetrates our skin is known to be UV-A rays and UV-B rays. UV-B penetrate the top layer of the skin which is responsible for sun buns, while UV-A rays penetrate deep into the skin damaging the tissue that supports the skin causing the skin to rapidly age and wrinkle prematurely (FDA,...
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...Drug Information Paper: Levodopa/Carbidopa: Sinemet Kristin Curcione Daemen College This drug information report will explore in detail the medication Levodopa. Levodopa is the most effective drug for the symptomatic treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Levodopa works when it is absorbed in the blood from the small intestine and travels through blood to the brain where it is converted to dopamine (Parkkinen, O'Sullivan, Kuoppamäki, et al., 2011). It is intended for the purpose of treating chronic neurodegenerative diseases. It is primarily used in neurology practice for patients who are experiencing idiopathic Lewy body degenerative disease of the central nervous system. This paper will also discuss use of Carbidopa as it is used...
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