...The skin is the largest organ the human body has, covering around 22 square feet of skin and weighing an average of 6.6 pounds. It contains 3 different layers which involve the dermis, the epidermis, and the subcutaneous tissue. The skin performs multiple functions such as being a barrier from bacteria and virus’ entering your body and allowing you to sense the world. It also acts as the receiver of the harmful UV radiation to prevent your body from receiving it. This at times causes a dangerous build-up of UV radiation hitting the dermis of the skin and resulting in the skin cancer known as melanoma (Owens 2014). Also known as malignant melanoma, melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer that occurs when DNA damage to the skin causes...
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...potassium, phosphorus, and calcium. In addition, apple fruit is a good source of B-complex vitamins such as riboflavin, thiamin, and pyridoxine (vitamin B-6) Nutritional value: Preparation | Serving Size | Carbs | Fiber(g) | Fat(g) | Energy(kj) | Apple (peeled) | 1 medium sized 100g | 12 | 1 | 0 | 205 | Apple (unpeeled) | 1 medium sized 100g | 15 | 2.5 | 0 | 250 | Disease-fighting factor: Apple Fiber helps to prevent absorption of dietary LDL cholesterol in the gut. The dietary fibers also help protect the mucous membrane of the colon from exposure to toxic substances by binding to cancer causing chemicals in the colon. Apples contain antioxidants which may help lower the chance of developing diabetes and asthma. Apples are also a natural mouth freshener Apple vitamins help as co-factors for enzymes in metabolism as well as in various synthetic functions inside the body. Fact you should know about Apple: An apple's flavor and aroma comes from fragrance cells in apple skin, so for maximum flavor, don't peel your apple. Plus, the vitamins lie just beneath the skin. Apple Tips for Skin Care: Apple for dry Skin:...
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...unfortunately, attacks healthy cells, tissue, and organs, including the skin, kidneys, heart, lungs, brain, joints, and blood vessels (Ferenkeh-Koroma, 2012). Lupus cannot be contracted nor transmitted through bodily fluids, blood, or by airborne elements, however, the exact cause of SLE is still unknown. Meanwhile, several factors have been associated with causing the disease, such as genetics, the environment, and certain gender and hormones. The pathophysiology of SLE is mediated by several factors including vasculitis, anemia, arthritis, thrombocytopenia to psychosis, inflammation of serosal membrane, nephritis, and seizures (Bartels, n.d.). Furthermore, there is no relation to cancers nor the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but lupus can increase the risk of becoming susceptible those diseases. Recent studies have estimated at least 1.5 million Americans have lupus with more than 16,000 new cases reported (Lupus Foundation of America, n.d.). Common diagnoses of lupus occur in women of childbearing age especially African Americans. However, anyone can be affected by lupus at any time. Usually, signs and symptoms developed between ages of 15 and 44. Individuals diagnosed with this disease can live a normal life with longer remissions...
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...Unit 303, Outcome 2, Skin & Hair The skin is the largest organ of the body, with a total area of about 20 square feet. The skin protects us from microbes and the elements, helps regulate body temperature, and permits the sensations of touch, heat, and cold. Skin has three layers: * The epidermis, the outermost layer of skin, provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone. * The dermis, beneath the epidermis, contains tough connective tissue, hair follicles, and sweat glands. * The deeper subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis) is made of fat and connective tissue. The skin’s colour is created by special cells called melanocytes, which produce the pigment melanin. Melanocytes are located in the epidermis. http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/picture-of-the-skin Functions of the Skin The main functions of the skin include: * Protection of the human body * Sensation i.e. transmitting to the brain information about surroundings * Temperature regulation * Immunity i.e. the role of the skin within the immune system * Enables movement and growth without injury * Excretion from the body of certain types of waste materials * Endocrine function e.g. re. Vitamin D Function of the Skin | Example(s) | How does the skin perform this function? What is/are the mechanism(s) ? | 1. Protection | Of the body from: * ultraviolet (UV) radiation e.g. sun damage * dehydration * microorganisms e.g. bacterial invasion...
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...Skin Conditions Student’s Name Institution of Learning Introduction The society requires attaining, maintaining, and recovering from disease, ailments accidents. It calls for specialized care from a trained professional. In most of the cases, care givers at home may lack this expertise. It requires people who are trained and specialized, and who understand the medical aspect of the patients’ condition. The best suited group of people that can deal appropriately with these problems are nurses. Nursing is a health care profession and hence, their services are oriented to this direction. In their duty, they give care to all members of societies; both individual and families (Braverman, 1998). Nursing care is understood as being particularly crucial during patients’ recovery from serious illness or injury. Classically, it was thought that people requiring these services were probably people who were bed ridden. The objective of health services delivery is not only to care for bed ridden people but also anybody else that have a condition that is reducing their quality of life. It is known that some diseases significantly reduce the quality of life. Today, the aim of healthcare is to assist any person with any disease, ailment, or any form of suffering to recover and have a joyous and creative life. Another factor that makes a nurse to be specifically suited to their job is because they are trained about community care. They deliver...
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...The integumentary system is similar to an organ system that deals with the hair, skin, nails and exocrine glands. The main part of the integumentary system is the skin. Believe it or not, the skin is the thickest layer on your body. The other parts of this particular system such as hair and nails are found in the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous. The integumentary system is all about protection.” (Rader) The integumentary system prevents your body from diseases such as acne, eczema and skin cancer. It provides a barrier to block different viruses and bacteria. Some risk may include becoming dehydrated and your body becoming over heated. Another risk is that the skin may experience harmful ultraviolet radiation and un-guard the skin against...
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...Hello Class, Eczema is a common skin disorder found in families with history. Eczema is unknown response by the body immune system. However, people can do all '' right '' things their eczema still flares. Eczema is a primary diagnosis which isn't really associated with another disorder. It is more common in cities polluted areas. When you have eczema, It means your immune system is working to hard. Your immune system usually is good, because it tries to protect your body from bad stuff like infections and diseases. There are certain things that can trigger your eczema. 1. Animal dander and saliva (when a pet licks you). 2. Scratchy clothes (such as wool). 3. Sweating a lot. 4. Soap. 5.Household cleaning products. 6.Dust. Eczema have...
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...Impetigo is caused by one or two different kinds of bacteria-strep or Staph. These bacteria often enter the body when the skin has been irritated or injured due to other skin problems such as eczema, Poison ivy, insect bites, burns or cuts. Some risk factors would be Age… although anyone can develop this disease its most commonly occurs in children age 2-6. Also children can get it in crowded places such as school or child care setting due to the fact that impetigo spreads. Impetigo is more common in the summer due to warm and humid weather. Certain sports and broken skin can also be a risk factor for Impetigo. Signs of Impetigo include red rashes, blisters, and pimples also more commonly...
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...Type of microorganism which causes this disease: Athlete's foot is a common skin infection that is caused by a fungus, a plant-like 250microorganism too small to be seen by the naked eye. This fungus eats old skin cells. And plenty of them can be found on the feet! Scientific Name of the Microorganism which causes the disease: Tinea pedis 1. History of the disease: 2. prevention: preventive measures include keeping your feet clean and dry, avoid moist environments, wear socks, removing shoes and allowing the feet skin to "breathe," avoiding walking barefoot, especially in public areas like swimming pools and gyms, avoiding contact with known infected people. Change your socks frequently and avoid going barefoot in a public showers and wet environments. 3. Treatment: Keep the affected area clean and dry. Buy shoes that are leather or another breathable material. Absorbent socks like cotton that wick water away from your feet may help. Medicated powders can help keep your feet dry. Your feet can be soaked in a drying solution of aluminum acetate. You can use antifungal creams and washes. 4. Testing and screening: Doctor may take skin scrapings or samples from the infected area and view them under a microscope. If a sample shows fungi, treatment may include an antifungal medication. It goes through a lot of different fungal testing to determine if it positive or negative at that test. 5. Signs and symptoms: Many individuals with athlete's foot have no symptoms...
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...childhood, is a hereditary disease. Eczema is the most common skin disease in children. It can appear at any age but most often the course is very typical. Approximately 60% of cases of eczema begin in the first year of life, and in about 30% of cases between the first and fourth year of life in 9% between the ages of 6 to 20 years. Sometimes the illness lasts long, even a lifetime. Sometimes occur periods of apparent improvement, usually in the summer, with the following periods of deterioration. Symptoms can differ depending on the age of the child occur in different parts of the body. Atopic Eczema can be divided into four categories according to age: * Infantile atopic dermatitis * Childhood atopic dermatitis (from four to ten years) * Adult atopic dermatitis First symptoms of atopic dermatitis usually appear between the second and third months of life. Occur on the skin red spots with small bubbles, which sometimes grow, burst and filtration. There are stained with blood, secretions creates a yellow or brown-red scabs. The first signs of cracks in the form of red appear most often in the folds of the auricle. These changes can then occur on the cheeks, forehead and chin, then on the sides of the trunk and limbs. Over time, these changes include body hands and feet. Although it is possible the appearance of the first symptoms of atopic dermatitis in later childhood, usually figure this is an extension of the disease infancy. This disease may occur again after a...
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...Industry Embryonic Stem Cells “In a new study, researchers from Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh have created a cell printer that spits out living embryonic stem cells” (Lewis, 2013). Human embryonic stem cells are cells derived from embryos that have not yet “transformed” into a specific cell type but can do so under certain conditions. This characteristic makes them an effective tool in restoring or repairing damaged organs, tissue or cells. Furthermore, they can be used to print human tissue will be used to test new drugs, reducing the need to rely on animal trials and also limit human testing. Printing Human Skin 3D-Printing can be used to print skin directly on top of wounds that would otherwise require transplanting skin, as is usually the case with burn victims. Additionally, since the skin is made easier to produce, this application can be used more liberally than skin grafting for non-critical operations such as cosmetic surgery (Koebler, 2014). Studying Cancer “Medical research is only as good as the model, whether you’re using one animal to stand in for another, or creating in vitro replicas of tissue and organs” (Hoopes, 2014). Printing actual cancer cells which are able to develop in three dimensions is a far more effective tool to experiment on. Furthermore, researchers can study how cancer cells tend to grow and...
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...A. Effects of Smoking on “Skin” and “Hair and Teeth” Smoking is believed to damage the skin in several ways. The heat of the tobacco smoke that surrounds a smoker’s face has a dehydrating effect. Long-term squinting and puckering of the mouth may form premature wrinkles. Smoking destroys Vitamin A and C, antioxidants that protect the skin against damage from pollution and free radicals that can lead to illness. In women, smoking interferes with estrogen production, leaving skin drier than it should be. Research also indicates that smoking damages collagen and elastin, two substances that give your skin firmness and elasticity. Adding insult to injury, smoking may also affect your crowning glory. There is some evidence that nicotine and cotinine can alter the DNA of hair follicle cells. Also, small blood vessels supplying hair follicles are constricted. The American Academy of Dentistry reports that male smokers can lose 2.9 teeth for every 10 years of smoking while the female smokers can lose 1.5 teeth. This is probably due to plaque buildup, which leads to periodontal or gum disease. Other unpleasant side effects of smoking are yellowish stained teeth; darkened gums and obnoxious breath. B. “Initiative” and “Passion” Passion is a faultless predictor of success. How many high achievers lack enthusiasm? How many great leaders do you admire who are indifferent? A dispassionate person will not go far before he gives up hope of achieving big dreams. On the other hand...
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...serious injures or even death. To prevent these hazards: damaged protruding elements must be labeled with a hazard sing or marking to make sure that people are cautious when moving nearby the hazardous object. • Needles, scalpels, scissors. Needle pricks be caused by non typical behavior of the patient, these are hazards which can cause: contact with sharp tools what could be hazards: needle stick or injury. To prevent these hazards: Staffs have to have greater attention and use personal protection (PPE). • Overflowing bins, when bins are not regularly emptied and disposed this hazard can cause: embed around rubbish overflowing: flies, rodents, insects that spread germs and serious disease what may be a cause of many diseases such as: salmonella: typhoid, tetanus and dysentery. If bins are not emptied for a few days...
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...edge of the nail and can also be used to determine the general health of your body 3. Granulosum 4. Arrector pili 5. Addison's 6. Terminal 7. Second-degree 8. Melanocytes 9. Lucidum 10. Papillary 11. • Autoimmune disorders • Diseases • Nutritional deficiencies • Poisons • Prescription drugs • Chemotherapy drugs • Radiation exposure • Stress • Physical trauma to the scalp • Hair loss following childbirth • Psychological • Hair styling techniques • Hair styling products 12. Keratinocyte enzymes can neutralize carcinogens that penetrate the epidermis. Keratinocytes are also able to convert topical steroid hormones to a powerful anti-inflammatory drug. 13. First degree burns - Only the epidermis is damaged. Second degree burns - Injures the epidermis and the upper region of the dermis. Third degree burns - Involves the entire thickness of the skin. 14. Hair that lacks pigment and is often called "immature hair." 15. It appears to be genetically determined and sex-linked, and is possibly caused by a delayed-action gene that responds to DHT and alters normal metabolism. 16. Due to the metabolic activities of bacteria on the surface of the skin. 17. Allows excessive fluid loss and infection. 18. 1. Protection against abrasion. 2. Protection from the sun's radiation. 3. First line of immune system defense. 4. Protection from water loss. 5. Protection from heat loss. 6. Covers the body; interfaces...
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...Integumentary Disorders Anatomy of the skin The skin consists of 3 layers: 1. Epidermis- non vascular outermost layer, continuously dividing cells 2. Dermis- takes the largest portion of the skin and provides strength and structure. It consists of glands (sebaceous, sweat), hair follicle, blood vessels, and nerve endings 3. Subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis)- the inner most layer. contains major vascular networks, fat, nerves, and lymphatics Function of the skin • Protection- protection of underlying structures from invasion by bacteria, noxious chemicals and foreign matter. • Sensory perception- transmits pain, touch, pressure, temperature, itching, etc • Fluid balance (excretion)- absorption of fluids and evaporation of excess. • Temperature regulation- produced heat released through skin by radiation, conduction, and convection 1|Page • Vitamin synthesis- skin exposed to ultra violet light can convert substances necessary for synthesizing vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). • Aesthetic- affects appearance Factors influencing skin integrity • Immoblity is the major factor leading to pressure sore development . • The pt who is confined to bed & unable to change position is at greatest risk . • Trauma most likely occur – over the prominent areas – weight bearing areas • • Prolonged pressure impairs blood flow to tissue & resulfs in ischemia & inferction The extent of pressure necessary to cause tisue damage...
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