...opinions of mankind, requires that Americans should recognize slang adopted into language. We hold these truths to be self-evident: that language is expression of thought, in the form of speech or written symbols, that have agreed-upon meanings. That, many large speaking languages contain dialects, or other versions of languages within a community, that are different in some aspects of grammar, pronunciation, or vocabulary. That, because language is a form of one’s own ideas and expression, everyone possesses his or her own individual language, or idiolect. That, not only does perception change language, but that language changes perception. That, through the course of history, idiolects have shaped dialects, which have shaped language, which in turn, have shaped concepts. Conservatives, indeed, will dictate that languages will follow a narrow path toward a standard language. And accordingly, expression will follow the rules and guidelines that limit thought, rather than the ability to rethink old vocabulary and enrich new ones. When we speak, write, learn, and think in a slowly evolving vocabulary, which does not adapt to the more rapid introduction of cultures, concepts, fashion, and technology, we must add new meaning to conventional vocabulary. Such has been the language of Conservative American English speakers and writers, who have discouraged the use of creative language and the use of dialects and idiolects....
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...what we are trying to convey. First language First language is an effective way of communication between different ethnic groups, localities, communities etc. First language is the first spoken language that you speak from the time that you are first learning to talk. This can be used formally and informally. First language is an effective way of communication because it can effectively show your thoughts and feelings. First spoken language can also be an individual’s preferred language. (Walsh. M. (2007) ‘BTEC National Health And Social Care. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited. ) Dialect Dialect is words and their pronunciation which are specific to a geographical community or members of social class. Dialect is a verbal/oral form of communication that may be spoken in a formal and informal way to specific service users. A person who isn’t from the same area may not understand the local dialect that some people use in that area use. Jargon Jargon is words used by a particular profession or group that are hard for others to understand. Jargon can be used both in a formal and informal way between service users. Jargon can be used in a verbal and non verbal way. In a Day care centre a service user may find this an effective way of communication as this may be...
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...P1 Context of communication One to one, when you start a conversation with someone it is important to create a good and positive emotional atmosphere, before you and discuss complicated problems or give people information. The person who you are talking to needs to feel relaxed and comfortable to talk to you. You can help a person to feel relaxed by showing them you are friendly and a way to do this is to maybe say ‘good morning’ or even asking them how they are, make sure that you do this in a friendly tone of voice so that they will feel more comfortable than if you are shouting at them. One to one strengths and weaknesses the strengths of one to one is that you can see each other’s facial expressions. The weaknesses of one to one if that the person you are trying to talk to may not be comfortable therefore they may not want to talk. Participating in a group discussion if a bit like one to one but with more people. A group discussion only works if the people want to be involved. Some people who work in a group try and stay quiet as they are worried what the group’s reactions might be. It is important to maintain a good emotional atmosphere so that everyone in the group feels comfortable to talk. Sometimes there are team leaders but there doesn’t have to be. It is a good idea to have a team leader as they can encourage others to express their ideas. In group communication everybody must take it in turns so that everybody is heard, as if everybody talks at once no-one is...
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...1 Poglish in England, the United States, and Poland By Frederic W. Widlak, Ph.D. Profesor Nadzwyczajny Department of Organizational and Managerial Psychology Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu--National-Louis University Nowy Sącz, Poland Paper presented at the March 4, 2015 Conference "Culture-Tradition-Language" at Zespół Szkół Ekonomicznych in Nowy Sącz, Poland Abstract Poglish is a dialect that results from combining language elements from Polish and English. It is most commonly heard among people whose first language is Polish, but encounter the need to use English for practical situations in an English-speaking country, or to describe things using English words in Poland because there is no easily translatable equivalent term in Polish. The Poglish examples in this presentation will include those personally experienced by the author when listening to Polish immigrants in Chicago, some accounts of this dialect currently used by Polish immigrants in England, and the incorporation of English words or modifications of English words into the Polish lexicon in Poland. The implications of the use of Poglish on Polish immigrant traditions and the culture of presentday Poland are discussed. Introduction “Poglish”, also called “Polglish” or “Ponglish”, combines the words “Polish” and “English” to indicate a mixing of Polish- and English-language elements within a single speech production. It often occurs where native Polish speakers living in an English-speaking country...
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...Unit 2: Communication and values | | Yvette Moyo | Centre Number : 20669 | | | | | Contents Page * The role of effective communication and interpersonal interaction in a health and social care setting. * Theories of communication Keywords: Communication Interpersonal skills Verbal language and examples Non verbal language examples Service user Care provider This report will cover the role and importance of effective communication. It will cover the meaning of communication and interpersonal skills. This is one of the tasks needed to get the voluntary worker job, because in order for health care providers to work with a diverse range of people they have to develop effective communication skills which they will use not only within care services but also out. Communication is the exchanging and receiving of information that occurs between different relationships. Typical examples are, service user and care provider, mother and daughter, father son. It occurs through the use of verbal and nonverbal techniques such as active listening, eye contact, hand gestures and more. Interpersonal skills are the skills used by an individual to ensure that they are with others in an effective way. These skills involve things such as the ability to get along and work with others through active listening. As mentioned in the definition of communication there are different ways of communicating. Good examples are...
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...Unit 9 Assignment IT177-02 Website Design Unit 9 Assignment The entire concept behind website design is to be user-friendly. All content needs to be driven by the end user’s needs. Websites are used to relay information and entertain. A difficult to use or understand website will not garner any users, thus wasting time and effort. A website must be designed with all people in mind, from the disabled to the young. The average internet user has a very short attention span and if a website isn’t immediately engaging, the user will move on. There are also language barriers that prevent websites from being useful. Websites are created in every country, in every language, in every dialect of language. The content needs to be translated for the information to be universal. There are many tools and websites that translate information to be understandable to every internet user on the planet. Google Translate. Initial problems, with my last name being Bell, translation did not realize it was a surname, and translated it. I initially translated my page into German, where it translated it to Glocke. There are phrases that it also didn’t pick up and translate at all. Management Accounting and Bachelor of Science were not translated and left in English. However, when I used the site www.online-translator.com to translate my page to German, it realized that Bell was a surname and did not translate, and it also translated Management Accounting and Bachelor of Science properly into...
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...INTRODUCTION The title of this work is “Australian English” The work which is presented deals with the study of the Australian English Language, about its pronunciation, regional variations, vocabulary. The Australian English is a language with its own peculiarities and it differs a lot from Standard English and the other variants because it has its own history and development. There appeared a large number of new words in each variety of the English language because of historical, political, different socio- economic events and of course it has affected to the Australian English. I wanted to learn more about the appearance, development and using nowadays of the Australian English language. The aims of this work are: -To study the difficulties of using and understanding the words in AusE -To define cultural peculiarities of AusE speakers The topicality of this work is explained by the interest to the difference of Australian English between the other English variants and to the practical usage of the vocabulary. The theoretical value of this work is determined by necessity of the comprehensive analysis of Australian English because every language allows different kinds of variations: geographical or territorial, stylistic and others. It is very important to use up- to –date information of the western scientists who are concerned nearly to the English linguistics. The practical value is seen in rising interest to the English...
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...immediately for the language of trade and commerce developing. According to the big immigration after port setting in Singapore, the country today is a multi-ethnic country, which composed of Chinese (77%), Malay (15%), and Indians (8%). This made English serves as an inter-ethnic lingua franca (Harada, 2009). The first languages of most Singaporeans are Mandarin, Malay, and Tamil. Since they are educated in English, they can speak English fluently. Singlish is the English-based creole spoken and written colloquially in Singapore. Singlish has its unique slang and syntax, which are more pronounced in informal speech. Singlish vocabulary formally takes after British English (in terms of spelling and abbreviations), although naming conventions are in a mix of American and British ones (with American ones on the rise). In brief, Singlish contains loanwords borrowed from Chinese dialect and Malay. The grammars which are used in Singlish are quite different from SSE such as; copula deletion, generalized “is it” question tag, and use of particles like ah-la-lor (Tay, 1993). Foreigners who are fluent English speakers would find it difficult to understand when they communicate with Singlish speakers because of the different features. The project’s aim is to learn further about Singlish, go deep into it, get more understand of Singlish itself or even be able to communicate using Singlish. Chapter 2 Literature...
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...Verbal communIcaTIon Gender Age Regionality Ethnicity and Race Education and Occupation eThIcs and Verbal communIcaTIon Hate Speech Confirming and Disconfirming Communication ImproVIng your Verbal communIcaTIon skIlls “I” Statements Become Aware of the Power of Language The IndIVIdual, Verbal communIcaTIon, and socIeTy 88 “ The verbal elements of communication are the foundation on which meaning is created. When I took a trip to Britain, I thought people would speak with a “British accent.” I didn’t realize that there are many different accents and the differences are not just pronunciation, but also vocabulary. In order to get my message across, I learned to avoid using slang words as much as I could. I didn’t realize how much American slang I use in my everyday speech! Despite the many different ways of speaking English across the UK, I felt the way that I speak English made me stick out as an American. W hen we think of “communication,” we tend to think about the verbal elements of communication: the words people choose, the accents they speak with, and the meanings they convey through language. We frequently don’t consider the ways in which verbal communication assists or hinders relationship development, as illustrated in the opening example, or its effect on the creation of identities. In this chapter we will...
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...Issue of race in Jackson, Mississippi, in The Help: combination of Whitman’s egalitarianism and individualism and Morrison’s description of inequality 1. Introduction Throughout time the issue of race has gone through several important transitions and therefore it has been a controversial writing topic for many novelists and poets. For a long time African American people were disdained and used as slaves and later on as help in the household. Laws, such as the Jim Crow Laws, regarding race and human rights were very rigorous and those who did not abide the law were punished severely. When thinking about the struggle it has been for those with African heritage and the people who have fought to reach equality, Martin Luther King and Megdar Evers come to mind. The novel The Help by Kathryn Stockett, adapted for the screen by Tate Taylor, is set in Jackson, Mississippi in the 1960’s. A young girl, Eugenia “Skeeter” Phelan aspires to become a writer and averse to the way her friends treat the African American maids and driven by the love for her own maid Constantine, she decides to document the life stories of the servants and tries to get them published. Throughout the story, a realistic representation of the 1960’s society is being viewed and there are several sides to the story. Firstly a side that describes the inequality, secondly the struggle with the law and its representatives and thirdly a relationship of love and respect between the help and the children they...
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...Language Myths Language Myths: My own LA-reading journal. 1. Myth 2: "Some Languages Are Just Not Good Enough" by Ray Harlow Some people have the idea that some languages are just not good enough. They believe this for several different reasons, it is because the language is not structured in terms of forming words, the language doesn't contain enough compounds and it can't be used as official language in areas such as administration, business communication, international air traffic etc. Sometimes people dislike a certain language because they think it is ugly. I disagree with this myth. I believe that every language is precious to the people who speak the language. Harlow says: ‘Most languages are the first language of some community and serve the everyday functions of that community perfectly well.’ Communication is the most important aspect of a language. If a language serves this purpose it is good enough. 2. Myth 5: "English Spelling Is Kattastroffik" by Edward Carney Edward Carney believes that people shouldn't blame the English spelling system just because there are more speech- sounds than letters in English spelling. It is important to separate sounds and letters in English spelling. After studying Phonetics, spelling and pronunciation became easier for me. I learnt that one speech-sound can have different spelling and that one spelling may stand for different speech-sounds. Sounds very complicated at first, but after a while I started to understand why. This...
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...Ch r i s t i n e Ro e ll Intercultural Training with Films ilms are a great medium to use not only to practice English, but also to facilitate intercultural learning. Today English is a global language spoken by people from many countries and cultural backgrounds. Since culture greatly impacts communication, it is helpful for teachers to introduce lessons and activities that reveal how different dialects, forms of address, customs, taboos, and other cultural elements influence interaction among different groups. Numerous films contain excellent examples of intercultural communication and are highly useful resources for teachers. Additional reasons for teachers to incorporate films in class and encourage their students to watch movies in English include: • Films combine pleasure and learning by telling a story in a way that captures and holds the viewer’s interest. • Films simultaneously address different senses and cognitive channels. For example, spoken language is supported by visual elements that make it easier for students to understand the dialogues and the plot. • Students are exposed to the way people actually speak. 2 2010 N u m b e r F • Films involve the viewers, appeal to their feelings, and help them empathize with the protagonists. • DVDs usually come with subtitles in English, which facilitates understanding and improves reading skills. After discussing the importance of teaching intercultural communication and suggesting films that match specific cultural...
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...did you learn about this web site? US Citizen Yes No Yes Yes I went straight to the CIA website Preferences and Expertise Preference Salary Preferences Is salary negotiable? Work Preferences Travel Preferences Additional Job Information $40,000.00 Yes Full Time Frequent Domestic and Foreign Travel Experiences X None are applicable Adjudication experience Arabic language skills Autotrack Canine Handler/Team Member Canine Training Chinese language skills Commentator profiles Elicitation experience Explosives Federal government personnel security investigations Foreign media collection French language skills Greek language skills HAZMAT/CBRN response Indonesian language skills Instructor - Security and/or law enforcement training Internet research Interpretation techniques Interrogation experience Interviewing experience Investigative experience Japanese language skills Korean language skills Law enforcement Marine security guard Medical defensive tactics Microsoft Access Microsoft Excel Microsoft PowerPoint Microsoft Publisher Microsoft Word Military police officer Military special operations officer National Crime Information Center (NCIC) Operation & maintenance of alarm system Operations & maintenance of X-ray systems Operations & maintenance of closed circuit TV systems Persian (Farsi) language skills Personal protection Polygraph experience Portuguese language skills Private security police officer Protective security services Russian language skills...
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...BTEC Level 3 National Health and Social Care Unit 1 Developing effective communication in health and social care This mandatory unit enables learners to understand effective communication within health or social care settings, some of the many barriers to effective communication and ways to overcome them. Learners will gain the necessary interpersonal skills to communicate with a range of people within the sector and will have the opportunity to identify and analyse the effectiveness of their own communication skills. This is a 10-credit unit and can be taught in 60 guided learning hours, with learners also expected to complete non-supervised individual study time. This is a mandatory unit for all qualifications. On completion of this unit, learners should: LO1 Understand effective communication and interpersonal interaction in health and social care LO2 Understand factors that influence communication and interpersonal interaction in health and social care environments LO3 Understand ways to overcome barriers in a health and social care environment LO4 Be able to communicate and interact effectively in a health or social care environment Unit contents The scheme of work for this unit (page 13) links to the following resources to help you deliver Unit 1. LO1 Lesson plan LO2 LO3 LO4 AS10, AS11, AS12 LP Activity sheet AS1, AS2, AS3, AS4 AS5, AS6, AS7, AS8, AS9 Stretch and support AS1, AS2, AS3, AS4 AS6, AS8, AS9 ...
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...knowledgeability and capability of exercising one's ability through comprehension and expression. It is developed through learning and training in the intellectual and formal standards of a language. It is not a natural talent or innate capacity, therefore, it is not to be underestimated in importance. Standard, or formal English, differs from substandard, or informal English, as well as broken English and slang, because it is contrained by formal rules and elements. Language of a higher caliber is of greater worth because of its sophistication which breeds sophistication. People with a feebly sentimental attachment to their own nature and its affections may be complacently stifled from pursuing a sophisticated consciousness. Fluency and literacy are not the same. Fluency only requires a degree of understanding that gives one the ability to easily and readily express oneself. Often, illiterate or borderline illiterate individuals are able to speak and understand the English langauge in a basic way. People who speak the same language often speak different dialects identifiable by characteristic nuances. The concept of musical literacy is one that many people are unfamiliar with. Musical literacy is partially an understanding of the notation system that enables one to read notes on a staff. It is also the acquisition of skills that endow one with a musically sensitive, discerning mind and ear. This involves training to develop comprehension skills and listening skills...
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