...Aaron Scott Dr Kathryn Klee Introduction to Psychology 10/02/2011 I decided to do my sleep study on my roommate, Joe Sagar. Joe is a senior at McKendree University and plays soccer where he is the goalkeeper. He is 22years old and originally from Oldham, England. He spent 16years of his life growing up there with his mum Joanna and dad Paul before moving up to Glasgow to carry on his career in soccer. After a couple years in the British game, Joe decided to try his luck in the U.S to take up a scholarship. I started of my sleep study by asking Joe how much sleep, on average, he gets every night. He gets a low amount of six and a half hours sleep every night. He has a class every day at 8am and gets up at 7:15, therefore an early riser. His preferred sleeping environments are simply darkness and peace and quiet so he can peacefully fall asleep. Since Joe travels back home to England where the flight can be up to 14hours long, he has experienced jet lag before. He remembers the feeling of weakness and on some occasions, sickness. The time change leaves him extremely tired as he needs a few days to adapt to the different time zones. Dreams come very rarely for Joe but when he ever does dream it is happy dreams that occur. In terms of how long it takes for Joe to get to sleep, it isn’t long at all. I spoke with his girlfriend who he often stays with, and she claimed Joe falls asleep within minutes of hitting the pillow. This also leads in to Joe being a heavy sleeper. Joe...
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...PSYC& 100: General Psychology Jan C. Kruper Winter 2012 Homework #3: Sleep Maximum 15 Points Expectation – An essay consisting of about 2 pages: Typed and Double-Spaced (Several paragraphs (5 - 7) with several sentences (4 - 7) per paragraph) Name: Brendon Rittenhouse Due Beginning of Class on: 1/20/2012 My current sleep patterns vary slightly from night to night. I have a lot going on throughout the week, so I am not always able to get to sleep around the same time every night. One night I might be able to get to sleep around midnight which is about average for me, and others its not until around 1 or 2 a.m. due to either restlessness or stress. Even when I am tired throughout the day, one thing or another keeps me awake until I feel I have accomplished all I need to do throughout the day and/or until I feel I will not be needed by any of my friends or loved ones, usually until after they are all asleep. My sleep is heavily affected by work, school, and friends and family. I feel the need to stay up until I feel all my duties and such are accomplished for the day. This includes the possibility of being needed for one thing or another by any family members and/or friends and loved ones. I feel the need to be sure that everyone around me that I care about, even if they aren’t living with me, are settled in for the night and taken care of either via text messaging or phone calls. Until I am assured of this, I am usually pretty restless and my...
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...Case Study Week 3 Kristin Parramore-Eaker PSY/410 Abnormal Psychology March 11, 2013 Dr. Kathryn Westbeld Ph.D. Case study week 3 Outline: Sleep Walking Objective: The purpose of this case study is to research and understand the psychological state involved with sleepwalking or somnambulism disorders. The information provided by the patient and his wife examine the functions of the brain while the individual appears to be in non-REM sleep and functioning, while other areas of the brain are in a normal sleep state. The case addresses the episodes following times of severe anxiety to test stress (Meyer, Chapman, & Weaver, 2009). Method: A review of information and history related to sleep disorders and sleepwalking suggests a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of sleepwalking. Sleepwalking disorder (307.46) in the DSM is the impairing repeated sleepwalking episodes with unresponsivity during the episode; the individual has rapid or quick reorientation, and amnesia for the episodes. This case meets the criteria for this diagnosis (DSM IV TR, 2000). Results: The findings support sleepwalking with stress relating to test anxiety disorder as an explanation of the recurring episodes (Meyer, Chapman, & Weaver, 2009). Conclusions: The research supports the pathology of the disorder and explores treatment plans for the individual to lessen test...
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...The purpose of the research: Cartwright decided to carry out a more extensive study involving a very personally relevant suggestion prior to sleep to see if the topic of the suggestion would then appear in the person’s dreams that night. Cartwright argued that if you were to make a pre-sleep wish about something that was personally relevant to you, it would be more likely to enter your dreams in some way. Research Methods: The participants of the study were 17 paid college students. 10 of which were male and 7 of them were female, all claimed to be good sleepers. All 17 participants slept 2 nights in the sleep laboratory to get used to their surroundings. Next the participants were given a deck of 70 cards, each card containing 1 personal adjective. The participants were the asked to sort the cards into seven categories, ranging from 1 (“least like me”) to 7 (“most like me”). After they finished they were then given another deck identical to the one before, and asked to sort this deck as they would for the person...
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...Winningham’s Critical Thinking Cases in Nursing: Case Study 20: “Obstructive Sleep Apnea” Directions: * Answer the following questions and statements. * Each question is assigned a point value. * Submit the completed worksheet to the Dropbox no later than Day 7 of Unit 3. * Your instructor will post the grade for this Assignment in the Gradebook no later than Day 7 of Unit 4. Scenario: S.R. is a 69-year-old man who presents to the clinic because his “wife complains that his snoring is difficult to live with.” 1. As the clinic nurse, what routine information would you want to obtain from S.R.? (2 points) I would want to obtain a smoking history (if any). I would want to know about their sleep: the hours of sleep obtained per night, if they are waking frequently through the night, their posture during sleep. Information I would want to obtain would also include if they wake up feeling tired, if they awake frequently during the night, if they fall asleep during the day, if they awake with a headache, and if they are irritable or angry in the morning. I would want to assess vital signs (to include oxygen saturation level), history of recent illness/respiratory infection, any changes in weight, trouble breathing through the nose, stressors, and difficulty concentrating. I would also ask the wife how loudly he snores and if she notices a pause in his breathing. CASE STUDY PROGRESS After interviewing S.R., you note the following: * S.R. is...
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...Sleep is divided into two section which is REM ( rapid eye movement) and NREM ( non-rapid eye movement) and happens each duration of a regular sleep span. During REM is when dreams will occur (Lefrançois, 2011). It is possible during the Alpha or Theta an image may happen but will not have the detail or memory from an actual dream (Pilcher, 2015). In REM the eyes move back and forth very fast, so it is apparent that the person is dreaming. REM is where dreams happen, and if a vivid dream is recalled upon waking up, the REM period was more prolonged than if dreams are not remembered (Pilcher, 2015). It is not known if dreams occur each night but the possibility is if a dream happens it will be during that stage. The NREM and REM process occurs about every 90 minutes each night depending on the person. Sleep habits and patterns can modify this process as well as particular food and drink consumption (Linder, 2017). People that have regular...
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...Obtaining Adequate Amounts of Sleep (between 8-9 hours) Reduce Stress Levels? BPS Wellness Paper Individual Self-Study Write-Up Intro My identified issue is lack of sleep and high stress levels. I do not maintain a schedule that would allow for enough quality sleep. I am also experience stress levels that are high, and suspect that lack of sleep may be a source of some of this stress. I have difficulty falling asleep and occasionally staying asleep. As a result I am often fatigued and tend to crave high fat sugary carbohydrates and overeat on them, to maintain mood and energy. Research Question Can obtaining adequate amounts of sleep (between 8-9 hours of sleep) reduce stress levels? My hypothesis is in order to lower my stress levels I would like to obtain 8 hours of sleep with and monitor the effects of this on my reported levels of stress. My rationale is my mind and body are more rested therefore my perception of stress and my ability to handle stress would improve thereby lowering my stress levels(Minkel et al., 2012) Sleep deprivation is associated with higher cortisol levels and with an exaggerated cortisol response to a stressor. I have not been obtaining a regular 8 hrs of sleep per night and have been feeling stressed.(“10 Surprising Effects of Lack of Sleep,” n.d.) My plan is to see if obtaining at least 8 hours of sleep lowers my stress levels. Method: Over the course of 21 days upon rising I will record the number of hours of sleep I receive. I will record...
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...PRESS Sleep Medicine Reviews (2008) 12, 153–162 www.elsevier.com/locate/smrv CLINICAL REVIEW Caffeine: Sleep and daytime sleepiness Timothy Roehrsa,b,Ã, Thomas Rotha,b a Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 W Grand Blvd, CFP-3, Detroit, MI 48202, USA b Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA KEYWORDS Caffeine; Daytime sleepiness; Sleep disturbance; Caffeine dependence Summary Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed psychoactive substances and it has profound effects on sleep and wake function. Laboratory studies have documented its sleep-disruptive effects. It clearly enhances alertness and performance in studies with explicit sleep deprivation, restriction, or circadian sleep schedule reversals. But, under conditions of habitual sleep the evidence indicates that caffeine, rather then enhancing performance, is merely restoring performance degraded by sleepiness. The sleepiness and degraded function may be due to basal sleep insufficiency, circadian sleep schedule reversals, rebound sleepiness, and/or a withdrawal syndrome after the acute, over-night, caffeine discontinuation typical of most studies. Studies have shown that caffeine dependence develops at relatively low daily doses and after short periods of regular daily use. Large sample and population-based studies indicate that regular daily dietary caffeine intake is associated with disturbed sleep and...
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...| The effect of sleep on the psychology and development of children and adolescents. | | | nj26 | | Contents INTRODUCTION 3 Why Is Sleep Relevant to Psychology? 4 What Is Sleep and Why Is It Important 4 Sleep Regulation 4 The Impact of Sleep on Daytime Functioning 5 Sleep deprivation impairs learning and memory. 5 Sleep deprivation impairs academic success and neurobehavioral functioning. 5 Sleep deprivation impairs emotional regulation. 5 Sleep deprivation impairs health. 5 Sleep deprivation impairs adolescents’ driving ability. 6 Sleep Behaviour Across Development 6 New-borns and Infants (0 to 12 months) 7 Developmental changes in sleep. 7 Behavioural and psychological factors affecting sleep behaviour. 7 Early Childhood (12 Months to 6 Years of Age) 7 Developmental changes in sleep. 7 Behavioural and psychological factors affecting sleep behaviour. 7 School-Age Years 8 Developmental changes in sleep. 8 Behavioural and psychological factors affecting sleep behaviour. 8 Adolescence 8 Behavioural and psychological factors affecting sleep behaviour. 9 Further studies regarding the effect of sleep on the development and psychology of children and adolescents. 9 Sleep and the Body Mass Index and Overweight Status of Children and Adolescents 9 Sleepless in Chicago: Tracking the Effects of Adolescent Sleep Loss During the Middle School Years 10 Sleep, Learning, and the Developing Brain: Early-to-Bed as a Healthy and...
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...Running head: ADOLESCENT SLEEP NEEDS AND PROBLEMS An Association Between Media and Sleep Patterns Tasha Benn Towson University July 1, 2013 An Association Between Media and Sleep Patterns The Effect of Presleep Video-Game Playing on Adolescent Sleep journal article suggests that playing a video game before bedtime has a small effect on the sleep of older male teens. The study involved thirteen male participants between the ages of 14 and 18 who were good sleepers, which was defined as falling asleep in less than 15 minutes. They were “evening types” who did not have excessive daytime sleepiness and had no identifiable sleep disorders (Weaver, Gradisar, Dohnt, Lovato & Douglas, 2010). Participants completed a seven-day sleep diary for the week prior to their initial testing night. This information was used for the testing conditions so that participants attempted to sleep at their typical bedtime. The study was conducted at Flinders University Sleep Research Laboratory. There, participants sat in a bed beneath the covers with electrodes attached and lights dimmed for both testing conditions: active video gaming and passive DVD watching. During the experimental condition, the participants played a Sony PlayStation 3 video game called “Call of Duty 4: Modern Welfare” for either 50 or 150 minutes on two different nights. During the control condition, the participants spent the same amount of time watching a documentary called “March of the Penguins”. Data...
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...Introduction Sleep is a physical and mental resting state in which a person becomes relatively inactive and unaware of the environment. In essence, sleep is a partial detachment from the world, where most external stimuli are blocked from the senses. Normal sleep is characterized by a general decrease in body temperature, blood pressure, breathing rate, and most other bodily functions. In contrast, the human brain never decreases inactivity. Studies have shown that the brain is as active during sleep as it is when awake. Sleep is a behavioral state that is a natural part of every individual’s life. We spend about one-third of our lives asleep. Nonetheless, people generally know little about the importance of this essential activity. Sleep is not just something to fill time when a person is inactive. Sleep is a required activity, not an option. Even though the precise functions of sleep remain a mystery, sleep is important for normal motor and cognitive function. We all recognize and feel the need to sleep. After sleeping, we recognize changes that have occurred, as we feel rested and more alert. Sleep actually appears to be required for survival. Importance of the Study Sleep can even enhance your memory. Those who regularly sleep well have better memory function than those who don’t meet the required number of hours for sleep. This means learning is also affected by sleep patterns. Proper amounts of sleep keep your...
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...The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the correlational method as a means for examining the relationship between REM sleep and memory. I will describe previous research and then investigate how REM and memory are associated in young people and in older people. In some ways, the sleep patterns of these two groups are very similar, but in some ways they are not. 1a. In the normal brain, REM sleep is the stage of sleep during which the body tends to be very relaxed, with little to no movement of the muscles. However, it is possible to observe occasional slight movements, called twitches, while one is in the REM stage of sleep. Despite the observable calmness of the body during this stage of sleep, heart and breathing rates increase during REM...
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...Head: AFFECTS OF SLEEP DEPTERVATION Healthy Sleep Julia Snell Saint Leo University Abstract This paper will address the need for sleep, and the benefits of a healthy sleep habits. Sleep is the one area of human life that most neglected. Sleep is a necessary neurologic that the body and mind expects. A pattern of sleepiness and wakefulness causes forgetfulness, fatigue, distraction, and drowsiness. Sleeplessness is the inability to sleep or the lack of getting the required amount of sleep for children, and adults. When an individual does not receive the adequate amount of sleep can and has in some cases, caused accidents, loss of job, and death. Alternatively, is natural order of substantiating healthy life? Sleep is the gateway for babies to grow, sleep for adults keeps their minds fresh and alert sleep is just as important as the air we breathe. According to the 2009 CDC’s “health Surveillance Study” determined that only 30% of U.S teen obtained the required amount of sleep (9 to 10 hours per night). In addition, CDC showed that some U.S adults experience inadequate sleep. Adult should get at least seven to nine hours of sleep per night, less than seven will cause drowsiness, will burden daily activities such as working efficiently, school, and other activities (Healthypeople.gov, 2012). Students in grade 9 to 12 should sleep on average of 9 hours a night. Because their bodies are still growing, and their minds are retaining information sleep is essential to...
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...Tiesha Cooper Trinity Christian College Basic Research Skills Dr. King Lucid Dreaming Holzinger (2009), suggests that dreams have been a major importance to cultures throughout the ages. Native Americans viewed dreams as portals to the spirit world, paths to prophecy and quests. A common phenomenon states, there is an experience in which one is aware that one is dreaming and is able to control what happens in the dream. This experience is known as lucid dreaming. Aristotle may have been the first to write about lucid dreaming, although he did not have a term for it (Holzinger B. , 2009). And some Tibetan Buddhists have been practicing something like lucid dreaming for a long time. In Tibetan Buddhism, it was practiced as a form of yoga, called dream yoga, from the eighth century. The goal of dream yoga is to examine your consciousness and bring you to a constant state of awareness. A big part of the belief system of Buddhism is recognizing the world for what it is, free from deception. A lucid dreamer recognizes the dream world for what it is, a dream (Holzinger B. , 2009). A Dutch psychiatrist named Frederik van Eeden came up with the term for lucid dreams in 1913. He claimed that there are nine well-defined types of dreams in all, including ordinary, symbolic and vivid dreams. He recorded several of his own lucid dreams, and his thoughts during them and upon awakening. He remarked that they often involved...
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...I. Proposed Project Title A Study on the Effect of Chewing Gum on Students’ Working Memory II. Objectives of the Study The study aims to characterize the relationship between chewing of gum and the working memory of students from the College of Engineering. Specifically, the study aims to discern whether chewing gum positively affects working memory capacity whether through visual digits, shapes, or simple math. By determining the results, the study also aims to inform students of a useful tool in focusing on course material. III. Review of Relevant Literature Working memory capacity is a type of memory used daily, and is especially important in education as it measures the potential to learn. Stephens and Tunney (2004a) found that chewing gum improved working memory capacity, specifically digit span and spatial span. Hirano et al. (2008) came to the same conclusion through a different measure of working memory (the n-back task). According to Allen and Smith (2009), further research is needed in order to support this claim. IV. Process Diagram The response variable, working memory capacity, will be measured through a test that measures the ability to recall, in correct order, an increasing sequence of units, such as digits or shapes. Tests of this nature are available for free online, some of which, such as GoCognitive...
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