...on how to improve their quality of life. It will help to choose appropriate choices in terms of better health. It enables people to increase control over their health and effects thereby improving their health. It cannot be forced to the people to follow certain health routine on contrary it will get choices and information for people to choice right healthy lifestyle. What are the aims of health promotion?...
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...Differences 1 Reasoning for differences of life expectancy between men and women Latesha Mays Dr. Davis SOCI 402 May 9, 2006 Differences 2 Reasoning for differences of life expectancy between women and men In most countries the life expectancy at birth of women is longer than that if men. Historically it has been assumed that this was generally due to biological reasons. But on the basis of my graveyard data which consisted of 50 cases of people from High Point North Carolina, tables and graphs, the relationship between race, gender, and average age of death are summarized with four empirical generalizations that I got from the data. I will only present three to adequately summarize the data because only three have similar commonalities to express why women live longer than men. The first empirical generalization was on the basis of the gender table. The data showed that males have a 36 percent average age of death and females have a 64 percent average age of death and therefore males have 28 percentage points lower average age of death than females. The second empirical generalization was on the basis of the race and gender graph. In this graph females had a higher median age of death than any other category. The last empirical generalization expresses a graph that shows the data of race and sex. The data showed that white females have a significantly higher median age of death than men and black females...
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...IONITA CAMELIA IONITA STOP SMOKING CAMPAIGN STOP SMOKING CAMPAIGN 4.1 Planning a health promotion campaign Aim of the campaign is to convince 50 person from the Redbridge community to quit smoking giving them every possible chance of success. Smoking remains the leading cause of preventable death and disease in the Redbridge area, killing more than 200 people each year and 1,350 hospital admissions a year. Smoking causes immediate damage to the body, which can lead to long-term health problems. For every person who dies because of smoking, at least 30 people live with a serious smoking-related illness. The only proven strategy to protect people from harm is to never smoke. Purpose Smoking is the main cause of preventable death in most industrialised countries. About a third of all deaths from cancer can be attributed to smoking, and at least 90% of deaths from lung cancer are caused by smoking. While the number of people aged less than 75 years who die from cancer is falling nationally, in Barking and Dagenham it is continuing to rise. Smoking is also responsible for about 17% of deaths from heart disease, and 80% of deaths from chronic lung diseases such as bronchitis and emphysema, so it is a major contributor to high premature mortality and decreased life expectancy in Barking and Dagenham (NHS, 2015). My objective for this campaign are: reduce the number of smokers in the community, show the impact of smoking in their life, increase the knowledge about what means...
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...The Factors that Affect Health Status and Patterns of Ill Health P3: Describe current patterns of health and how they are monitored – Patterns of ill health in the UK are monitored through the use of statistics. The UK National Statistic organisation is responsible for producing these statistics in order to illustrate and identify patterns of ill health within the UK. Government statistical departments play a vital role in identifying and monitoring patterns of ill health in the UK, of which include: • The Department of Health • Health and Safety Executive • NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care Statistics can be collected from records such as birth certificates, the death register and hospital admissions records. Records can be used for further analysis in order to gain more specific information, for example the weight of a new-born baby, or the reason an individual was admitted into hospital. The government has made the use of having these records available a legal requirement so that the statistics may be available when they are required. Statistics can be collected through the use of surveys, i.e. the national census of which is held every 10 years in the UK by the government. The national census survey has been in place since 1801 and takes into account each individual within a household. It is able to provide an outline of the UK which enables us to compare geographical areas. However statistics are not always accurate for what they represent...
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...The Factors that Affect Health Status and Patterns of Ill Health P3: Describe current patterns of health and how they are monitored – Patterns of ill health in the UK are monitored through the use of statistics. The UK National Statistic organisation is responsible for producing these statistics in order to illustrate and identify patterns of ill health within the UK. Government statistical departments play a vital role in identifying and monitoring patterns of ill health in the UK, of which include: • The Department of Health • Health and Safety Executive • NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care Statistics can be collected from records such as birth certificates, the death register and hospital admissions records. Records can be used for further analysis in order to gain more specific information, for example the weight of a new-born baby, or the reason an individual was admitted into hospital. The government has made the use of having these records available a legal requirement so that the statistics may be available when they are required. Statistics can be collected through the use of surveys, i.e. the national census of which is held every 10 years in the UK by the government. The national census survey has been in place since 1801 and takes into account each individual within a household. It is able to provide an outline of the UK which enables us to compare geographical areas. However statistics are not always accurate for what they represent...
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...The debate about health care involves issues concerning the right to have healthcare insurance as well as those 65 and older, obesity epidemic, smoking and how each of these topics affects health care in the United States. The number of people with health insurance has steadily increased among with the elderly, who face additional challenges when it comes to seeking health care. The projected increase of Americans classified as obese or who smoke has also had an impact on our health care system. The rising cost of health care and health insurance will have a great impact on the future of the economy. Today’s health care system is increasingly complex regarding cost-controlling measures and the affordability of insurance premiums. The...
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...different studies lump data in different ways. In Crimmins, E. M. (2011) a person is of normal weight if he or she has a BMI between 18.50 and 24.99. A person with a BMI of 25 or more is considered overweight, while anyone with a BMI of 30 or more is considered obese. Obesity is further subdivided into Class 1 (30–34.99), Class 2 (35–39.99), and Class 3 (40 and above). While the University of Oxford (2009) argues that moderate obesity reduces lifespan, Reinagel (n.d.) introduces a new study which report findings that some people who are overweight may actually have a higher life expectancy than those who are considered normal or healthy weight. This paper examines two Block, W. & Cussen, M. (2000) articles in relation to three other articles to compare to what extent obesity affects longevity. Literature Review In Block, W. & Cussen, M. (2000) Preston’s article points to the substantial increase in the...
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...period of time. Mortality Rate Mortality rate is the measure of certain individuals in the population who have a specific illness or condition and tis helps to determine the overall amount of illness and most instances of the condition happened when contrasted to the population. This measure is to define the ratio of infant deaths to live births. This is also depends on the country or area you are looking at. Here are some social groupings which I will be explaining: * Social Class * Gender * Age * Geographic Location * Ethnicity * Risk Behaviours Geographic location In a place like Glasgow a person’s life expectancy of life is lower at 54 than a person who lives in London would probably live to 82 years old. This could suggest that depending on where you and your race could determine a person’s life expectancy. This could be because of poor living circumstances in Glasgow then in London this could link so Social Cass. Also because the person is on a low income they won’t have the money to go to private care it may be difficult for the person to receive quality care like a person who makes a lot of money. Those in lower paid, unskilled jobs have a greater risk of accidents at work and can suffer from stress linked to unemployment. Professionals enjoy healthier lifestyle, not just because they have a better standard of living because they are more likely to be aware of health issues and more likely to consult doctors than men. As a result, women...
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...period of time. Mortality Rate Mortality rate is the measure of certain individuals in the population who have a specific illness or condition and tis helps to determine the overall amount of illness and most instances of the condition happened when contrasted to the population. This measure is to define the ratio of infant deaths to live births. This is also depends on the country or area you are looking at. Here are some social groupings which I will be explaining: * Social Class * Gender * Age * Geographic Location * Ethnicity * Risk Behaviours Geographic location In a place like Glasgow a person’s life expectancy of life is lower at 54 than a person who lives in London would probably live to 82 years old. This could suggest that depending on where you and your race could determine a person’s life expectancy. This could be because of poor living circumstances in Glasgow then in London this could link so Social Cass. Also because the person is on a low income they won’t have the money to go to private care it may be difficult for the person to receive quality care like a person who makes a lot of money. Those in lower paid, unskilled jobs have a greater risk of accidents at work and can suffer from stress linked to unemployment. Professionals enjoy healthier lifestyle, not just because they have a better standard of living because they are more likely to be aware of health issues and more likely to consult doctors than men. As a result, women...
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...Since the beginning of the 20th century, the average life expectancy for human beings in Canada has increased from the range of 45 to 75 years. While changes in our lifestyle (such as improved nutrition, reduction in smoking, and proper exercise) have played a part, this dramatic increase in our life expectancy is largely due to advances in health care as a result of medical research. From antibiotics, to new treatments for diseases like cancer, and new surgical techniques, medical research has brought about many advances in the health care field. Medical research has also made a larger number of people aware of harmful stuff. One disease which has seen remarkable medical advances is cancer. The past 30 years have seen major developments in understanding the genetics, biology, and treatment of the disease. According to the Canadian Cancer Society, the cancer death rate dropped 21 percent in men, and nice percent in women between 1988, and 2007.These lower death rates can be contributed to improvements in screening and early detection, and improvements in different methods used to treat various types of cancer. Although cancer is still the leading cause of death in Canada the death rates are declining, and will continue to decline as medical advances improve treatment. The discovery and introduction of antibiotics has also proved to be a very useful one. Antibiotics play an important role in our society. The credit of invention goes to Sir Alexander Fleming whose careful observations...
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...P1 Public Health Strategies in the UK and their origins. In this article I am going to describe the key features of public health strategies as they relate to current times in the UK. -Monitoring the health status of the population. This strategy involves keeping track of people’s health/keeping an eye on everyone though statics. By tracking changes in the health of the population health professionals are able to alert people to potential problems, for example regular check-ups, at doctors for asthma or Dentist to check up on teeth and make sure they are in good condition plus Orthodontic. Also the NHS provide a free midlife MOT to check people aged between 40-74, to make sure they are in good health and to help reduce the number of elderly who suffer with high blood pressure. Also for HIV, they monitor the health of the population with HIV tracking the number of people with HIV within the population. This helps the NHS find out the population of people with HIV in order for them to take further actions. -Identifying the health needs of the population. This strategy involves identifying health needs, including those that are common problems/ illness that are considered a major problem. For example identifying the illness and providing support through services or medicine, advert are a great way that can get you aware, and provide you with health awareness that is common in the population. Doctors for example monitor the health status of...
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...comparison to additional health care spending, the returns to which are uncertain” (Clark & Royer 2010). There are three mechanisms through which education may affect health and mortality. First, a higher level of educational attainment helps individuals acquire better and more stable employment, increasing their earnings power. Second, a higher level of education helps individuals build psychosocial resources, such as heightened sense of personal control, more supportive social relationships and active participation in cognitive stimulating activities, all which improve health stock. Third, more educated people are more likely to adopt positive health behaviors, such as exercising regularly, drinking moderately, and avoiding or quitting smoking, which in turn lead to better health and lower mortality (Liu, Hermalin, & Chuang, 1998)....
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...and can not give up smoking. Without holding a cigarette, they will feel uncomfortable like loosing a best friend. They think that smoking is a good leisure activity and somehow can also be good for their health. However, other people think that smoking should be banned due to its negative effects. Opponents of banning smoking claim that smoking undoubtedly helps them to relax, for some people, it even improve their concentration. However, a large number of research studies show that smoking increases people’s likelihood of developing certain diseases (compared with people who have never smoked) and causes earlier death. Thus, if people never began smoking, the prevalence of those smoking-attributable diseases would decline, and life expectancy would increase. The medical research also finds that ceasing to smoke improves health. The risks of many smoking-attributable diseases decline after quitting, although a smoker does not have the same health as someone who has never smoked. Opponents also maintain that smoking is the smokers choice, and they will pay for their health problems. However, such an argument ignores the fact that there are many people around them when they are smoking. Studies show that secondhand smoke—the inhalation of smoke by someone other than the smoker, sometimes referred to as environmental tobacco smoke or passive smoking—has also been linked to a number of illnesses. Among newborn and children, exposure to secondhand smoke increases the risk of sudden...
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...health in early 1900 till present day, Maori concepts and models, Maori health models, Maori and disability, Treaty of Waitangi and Maori health. The databases searched included all of the New Zealand university library catalogues, the City Library and Google Scholar. Sources that appeared to be relevant were entered into the Reference. In 1769 James Cook concluded that Maori were healthy race .Prior to settlement by Europeans, Maori had been protected from many illnesses because of New Zealand’s Isolation from the large population centers of the world. Now a day’s Maori are recognized as being over represented statistically in poor health issues. Health statistics reveal that Maori have higher rates of cardio vascular disease, obesity, smoking, cancer, asthma mortality, mental illness, suicide, and mortality than non Maori (Blakely, Fawcett, Atkinson, Tobias & Cheung, 2005). Recent research shows that since the mid 1980s disparities between Maori and non-Maori have increased significantly as measured by a number of key health...
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...1. Smoking imposes a huge economic burden on society— currently up to 15% of total healthcare costs in developed countries. 2. The Benefits of smoking cessation: a. Improvements in life expectancy and prevention of disease, improvement in individuals’ and passive smokers quality of life after stopping smoking, b. economic benefits to individuals and society. 3. Economic burden of smoking: In US economic cost is 0.6% to 0.85% GDP, $50bn a year for the treatment of smoking related diseases, in addition to an annual $47bn in lost earnings and productivity. Smoking related fires cause about £151m of damage each year in England and Wales. 4. Cost effectiveness of cessation programs: Clear evidence exists that smoking cessation interventions are effective. Face to face cessation interventions provide excellent value for money compared with other medical interventions. Cessation program tends to be more effective as its intensity increases; increased intensity is associated with increased costs, therefore increasing both sides of the cost effectiveness ratio. In the United Kingdom Using PREVENT simulation model which includes four interventions: a basic intervention of three minutes of opportunistic brief advice; brief advice plus self help material; brief advice plus self help material and nicotine replacement products; and brief advice plus self help material. The most cost effective intervention was the brief advice alone, in US the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality’s...
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