...According to sociological research, the life chances of a child may be greatly affected by three factors. These factors include social class, race/ethnicity, and 2-parent vs. single-parent families. Although all three factors are of great importance, it can be said that social class has the greatest impact on a child’s life chances. According to Cherlin, there is a four-class model consisting of “upper-class families, middle-class families, working-class, and the lower-class families” (114). He states that while at the top of the model in the upper-class, families “are amassed with wealth and privilege and often have substantial prestige as well” (114). Also, he states that the lower-class families “are those whose connection to the economy...
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...Social Stratification vs. Social Class Anzhelika Estrina Sociology 1 Dr Anthony Clark December 5, 2015 Social Stratification vs. Social Class Inequalities exist in all types of human society. Even in the simplest cultures where variations in wealth or property are non-existent, there are inequalities between individuals, men and women, the young and the old. To describe inequalities, sociologists speak of Social Stratification. Social Stratification lies at the principal of society and of the discipline of sociology. Social inequality is a fundamental aspect of virtually all-social processes and a person's position in the stratification system is the most consistent predictor of his/her behavior, attitudes, and life chances. An individual's class status can be harder to identify than race or ethnic differences. However, I believe class status is an important indicator of what kind of opportunities lie ahead for people in various class systems. Class places people into a type of structure which goes against the principal belief that in America all are shaped equal, or that even the poorest child can become President someday if he or she applies him/her self. I believe that social class remains largely invisible because our society doesn't want to believe that poverty exists in America. If Americans acknowledged poverty, then they would have to take some kind of action and do something to remedy it. Such action, of course, would create a huge flow effect involving...
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...Introduction: ‘Picture extracted from http://centreforaviation.com/analysis/the-airasia-japan-joint-venture-stumbles-can-lccs-survive-in-japan-114191’ Company: Air Asia Berhad Air Asia is a low cost airline based in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It operates scheduled domestic and international flights and is Asia’s largest low fare, no frills airlines. Air Asia pioneered low cost travelling in Asia. It is also the first airline in the region to implement fully ticketless travel and unassigned seats. Its main base is the Low Cost Carrier Terminal (LCCT) at Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA). Its affiliate airlines Thai Air Asia and Indonesia Air Asia fly from Suvarnabhumi Airport, Thailand and Soekarno-Hatta International Airport, Indonesia, respectively. AirAsia operates with the world's lowest unit cost of US$0.023 per available seat kilometres (ASK) and a passenger break-even load factor of 52%. It has hedged 100% of its fuel requirements for the next three years, achieves an aircraft turnaround time of 25 minutes, has a crew productivity level that is triple that of Malaysia Airlines, and achieves an average aircraft utilisation rate of 13 hours a day. It is currently the main customer of the Airbus A 320 which has been operational since 2013. The first unit of the plane arrived on 8 December 2005. Air Asia’s Values The emphasis of this assignment is to Identify how Air Asia can attain its vision and reach its identified target customers by the use of S.T.P strategy...
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...Marxist-based social theory which argues that individuals and groups within society have differing amounts of material and nonmaterial resources (the wealthy vs. the poor) and that the more powerful groups use their power in order to exploit groups with less power. This theory also can be applied to common social situations especially to crimes and other deviant acts or situations. As I’ve read and analyze this theory, I learned that people in different social classes compete for the available resources. For me, through this, people learn to be competitive and fight for their rights and for the things or resources that they need but there is an explanation in this theory that people who are in the upper or in the middle class, which is obviously have their resources, abuse the weaknesses of those people in the lower class or the poor because they know that lower class people need the resources they have which is for me, a negative impact in the term “equality”. And this is the reason why poor people have a big possibility in committing crimes rather than the upper-middle class people. But it depends also because the social justice system is somewhat in favor of the upper-middle class people. They did heavy punishment for the poor or the lower class people when they commit crimes but when the upper-middle class people also commit crimes, most of the time, they didn’t punish them or if they did, the punishment is not that heavy. So as a result, the upper-middle class people will...
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...this week. It is a documentary film directed by Jacob Kornbluth in 2013 and the author is Robert Reich. I watched the film on Thursday, July 23, 2015, I watched it on my computer and I was watching it at home. It is about the American middle class wages declining, profitability in a 90-minute documentary, through a series of lectures interpreted by Robert Reich. Being a narrator, Reich always makes jokes on himself about his height, and he also presents those difficult economics in a way that is very easy to understand. I think it is actually a good way of explaining everything in easy ways and terms. A point that Reich brings out is U.S. has the most unequal distribution of income and wealth by far. And one way for us to learn how to measure inequality is to look at the earnings of people at the top vs. the earning of the typical worker in the middle. By the year 2010, the typical male worker earned even less than he did then and the person in the top got more than twice as much as before. And today the riches 400 Americans have more wealth than the bottom 150 million of us put together. That means 400 people have more...
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...9/22/14 Social Transformation Social Change Hunter Gatherers Symbiosis with “nature” Horticultural: Domesticated plants Pastoral: Domesticated animals H+B= Agricultural Revolution Specialized labor Empire E= Industrial Revolution • Mechanical labor • Surplus goods Present: Post • Information/Economy • Specialized Knowledge Bio-Tech Society • Changing human biology/genome 9/24/14 Social Construction of Reality Thomas Theorem- Definition of the situation Perception are reality: People can occupy the same social space but perceive a different reality Background Assumptions Stereotypes: Cultural assumptions Ethnomethodology Emotional disrupting creativity Dramaturgy Goffman- Life is a con game Impression Management One person’s attempt to control the perceptions of others Front- Social acting Backstage- Preparing Proxemics-Personal Space Proxemic Bubble 4 Rings Intimate Space Personal Zone Social Space Public 9/26/14 Social Groups Two or more people Share like activities and common goals Possesses the spirit of “WE” In-Group (US): Group to which you are a member Out-Group (THEM): People outside or opposed/in competition with your group Typology of Groups Primary (Close Association) Intimate Long-lasting Expressive- emotional connection Secondary (Loose Association) Super revival Short-Duration Instrumental-...
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...rights for minorities? Reactions? The New Traditionalists God trumps science Bible is the ONLY source of morality Women are subservient to men Immigrants are subservient to white Anglo-Saxon men 1920s The New Era The Roaring Twenties Rise of automobile, gangsters, rise of the radio & other gadgets and appliances The Jazz Age Clash of old & new values The Economy after the war… Switch from war to peace initially difficult Gets re-cranked up by 1922-1923 United states’ industry still intact after war, unlike Europe Becomes world’s top producer of consumer products Middle class expands greatly What about the lower classes? Same problems as before Too much prosperity for middle class to care!!! Rise of consumer spending on new fangled items Luxuries become necessities Auto Industry Urban and rural more closely connected Changes social mores Mores= social values Related businesses expand too Becomes dominant American business Why? Advertising in the Modern Age New focus-???? New target-???? Does this work?- yes New Religion, Old Religion Liberal Christianity Fundamentalism National debate Scopes Monkey...
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...Gist of reading: Reading talks about how middle-class residents in suburbs mark social distinction and distance through physical boundaries, daily practices that regulated the behavior of service workers within community space Reading also talks about emerging global suburbs, and how immigrants in these places are being discriminated despite being in close physical proximity and contact Reading looks at the interdependencies between peoples and residential spaces of this divided economy, divisions that largely fall along the lines of class, racial-ethnic identity and to some extent migrant status bring questions to racial or class segregation/distinction * Content: Los Angeles: widely known as global city Orange County, particularly, has become a suburban counterpart to the global city, a “global suburb” economies of service and support developed alongside transnational commerce Orange country: still largely segregated by race and class In Irvine’s landscape: Segregate the lower class with the middle to upper class by using high-priced housing and zoning regulations Lower class were typically Latinos who would do all the menial labour such as window washers, carpet cleaners. Imagined the freeway as a connection to the world especially to the urban areas SOCIAL DISTINCTION PRACTISED IN 3 ASPECTS: A) Talk of Crime and Physical Defense Often see the influx of Latino immigrants or Blacks as the cause of the problems these areas have experienced,...
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...COMM 3673 Test #2 Study Guide, Fall 2015 Media/Society, Ch. 6: Social Inequality & Media Representation · Comparing Media Content and the “Real World”: four issues raised by this comparison (pp. 188-189) o First – literature in media and cultural studies reminds us that representation are not reality, even if media readers or audiences may sometimes be tempted to judge them as such. § Representations are the result of process of selection that invariably mean that certain aspects of reality are highlighted and others neglected. § All representations re-present the social world in ways that are both incomplete and narrow. o Second – the media usually do not try to reflect the “real” world. o Creators of media products use entertainment media to comment on the real social world. Readers and audiences develop at least some sense of the social world through their exposure to both entertainment media and news media. · Third – Concerns the troublesome term real. o The concept of a “real” world may seem like a quaint artifact from the past. o Social constructionist perspective. § No representation of reality can ever be totally “true” or “real” because it must inevitably frame an issue and choose to include and exclude certain components of a multifaceted reality. o Fourth- Seems to imply that the media should reflect society. o For many people, media are an escape from the realities of daily life. o Therefore, how “real” media...
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...into policy * Provide loyal opposition * Organize Government * Help Govern * Act as Watchdogs * Nominate Candidates * Ensure Candidate Quality * Winner takes all election system – if you have to be big to win, it makes no sense for small parties to function. * Party systems – Multiparty and Two Party System. * Minor parties: Persistence and Frustration * American parties are fairly loose coalitions of people who think that together, they share broad world views (ideology). * American society is very religious, but they share a conviction that public space should be free of religious symbols (wall of separation between Church and State). Conservatives think this wall should not be too thick. * Social security plan was introduced by the Government during...
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...strengths/limitations of feminism in comparison to other social theories. You will need to critically analyse and evaluate the following claims in your essay. * Feminist theorists argue that religion is a: Instrument of domination A product of patriarchy Serves the interest of men * Women are always unequal to men in terms of: Institutions – leadership and hierarchy Representation – culture, in scriptures. Attitudes and beliefs - socialisation Item A Sociologists disagree about the role of religion in society. Functionalists, for example, see religion mainly as a positive force. However, Marxists see religion as a tool of capitalism. They argue that it acts to justify inequality, helping to keep the poor satisfied by giving them hope of better times to come and preventing social unrest and revolution. Feminists see religion as a force for subordination and patriarchal oppression. This view is supported by evidence such as the differential treatment of women in religious congregations. Other sociologists argue that such evidence is out of date and that women are no longer the victims of religious oppression. Introduction Briefly explain the feminist view of religion– negative – patriarchy – conservative force. Briefly compare to the Marxist view as it is similar. Feminists show us the negative elements of religion but fail to see the good elements as argued by FUNC, NR and NM. Paragraph 1: FEMINISM vs FUNCTIONALISM Point: religion is patriarchal.-Oppression...
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...200 3/15/11 Social Identity Vs Personal Identity In this paper I will discuss the differences and similarities between the two using three texts from June Jordan, Tim Wise, and Avery Gordon as well as give you my personal opinion about the topic. Social identity, in my opinion, is a bad thing as a whole because it doesn't take into account the experiences that any one person has, it just lumps them together. There are many factors that one needs to take into account when discussing these topics and I will try to explain them as best as I can. Social and personal Identity in today’s society is very much blurred, the individual person has his or her own identity that she relates to but when viewed as a whole in today's society people get lumped together with all the same “people” whether that be race, class, gender or status. The first article I will talk about is Tim Wise’s "Preface" and "Born to Belonging” in this article Wise talk about being born to belonging and what he means by this is that white people that are born into white homes don’t usually have to work that hard to get far in life such stated in this quote “We, are unlike people of color, born to belonging, and have rarely had to prove ourselves deserving of our presence here” (Wise 3). What this quote talks about is that the white race is generally seen as the better race, and because of this white people won’t have to work as hard to get good jobs and have a good income. This is a social identity that...
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...NORTH VS SOUTH Couple points to remember as you’re preparing for the quiz tomorrow! NORTH * The north will industrialize much quicker than the south * National road runs through the north * Erie Canal is built in the north * Eli Whitney’s interchangeable parts system allowed for mass production * Industrialization draws people from rural setting to towns (growth of large cities) * Negative results of growth: crime, riots, fire, sanitation issues (cholera and typhoid spread) * Societal Roles: * Men of all social classes worked outside the home * Women: * Poor women worked as domestic servants/in factories/or as seamstresses or launderers * Middle class women remained at home * African Americans: * Women worked as domestic servants * Men worked in shipping industry as sailors or dockworkers in New England * Small African American middle class (carpenters, shoemakers, teachers, ministers) * While industrialization grew in the early 1800s in the north, agriculture remained the primary source of income for most people SOUTH * The invention of the cotton gin if important to understanding the necessity of agriculture and slave labor in the south * Invention of the cotton gin happens at the same time textile mill in Europe are expanding * Mills need cotton, south is making a ton of money selling cotton * Need slave labor to produce the cotton...
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...ASSIGNMENT No. 1 Total Marks: 100 (Units: 1–5) Pass Marks: 50 Q. 1 (a) Discuss the impact of digital technologies on marketing strategies. (b) Describe the consumer research process in detail. (10+10) Q. 2 Discuss the motivation as a psychological force. Also explain the measurement of motives. (20) Q. 3 What is the concept of personality? Discuss the concept of brand personality in detail. (20) Q. 4 What is meant by attitude? Describe different strategies for attitude change. (20) Q. 5 Explain the elements of consumer learning. Also discuss the cognitive theory of learning (20) ASSIGNMENT No. 2 (Total Marks: 100) This assignment is a research-oriented activity. You are required to submit a term paper and present the same in the classroom prior to the final examination. Presentation component is compulsory for all students. You will have to participate in the activity fully and prepare a paper of about 15 to 20 pages on the topic allotted to you. The students are required to prepare two copies of Assignment No. 2. Submit one copy to your teacher for evaluation and the second copy for presentation in the classrooms in the presence of your resource persons and classmates, which will be held at the end of the semester prior to final examination. Include the following main headings in your report:- a) Introduction to the topic b) Important sub-topics c) Practical aspects with respect to the topic ...
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...Copy of Copy of Mary Kay in India No description by Mohit Bhatia on 17 November 2013 •342 Comments (0) Please log in to add your comment. Report abuse Transcript of Copy of Copy of Mary Kay in India Mary Kay in India Table of Contents Case Background Case Analysis Swot 4P's Other research Questions Conclusion Recommendations Case Background Founded in Dallas, Texas (1963) Headquarters: Addison, Texas Located in 35 countries in 5 continents. Key people: Mary Kay Ash, Founder, David Holl, CEO Net sales of USD 2.9 billion Richard R. Rogers 1963, Executive Chairman Employees, Staff - more than 2.5 million independent beauty consultants. Over 200 products. Manufacturing plants in Dallas, Texas and Hangzhou, China Conclusion What did we cover? Successful worldwide, but failed in India. It is still suspicious - "pyramid scheme". Questions Case Analysis Marketing Mix Recommendations 1. Understanding the political environment of India before entering India market. 2. Adapt to the India economy and localize some products. 3. Localized manufacturing. S.W.O.T Strengths Established brand image Strong financial position Diverse portfolio Strong international presence Superior sales training Strong buyback system. Weaknesses No manufacturing plants in India Slow growth in revenues Sales consultants don't have access to product in bulk Volatility of direct sales Weak control over sales consultants Poor logistics and distribution...
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