...SOCIAL JUSTICE Social justice generally refers to the idea of creating a society or institution that is based on the principles of equality and solidarity, that understands and values human rights, and that recognizes the dignity of every human being.[1][2][3] The term and modern concept of "social justice" was coined by the Jesuit Luigi Taparelli in 1840 based on the teachings of St. Thomas Aquinas and given further exposure in 1848 by Antonio Rosmini-Serbati.Social justice as a secular concept, distinct from religious teachings, emerged mainly in the late twentieth century, influenced primarily by philosopher John Rawls. Some tenets of social justice have been adopted by those on the left of the political spectrum.Social justice is based on the concepts of human rights and equality and involves a greater degree of economic egalitarianism through progressive taxation, income redistribution, or even property redistribution.These policies aim to achieve what developmental economists refer to as more equality of opportunity than may currently exist in some societies, and to manufacture equality of outcome in cases where incidental inequalities appear in a procedurally just system.The Constitution of the International Labour Organization affirms that "universal and lasting peace can be established only if it is based upon social justice. Social justice is when something is unreasonable within society or around the world. There are many different unjust things that happen in our...
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...Social Justice Week 2014 is student-organized event sponsored by the New Legacy Committee, Beyond Diversity Club, Native American Club, Project Unity Club, Puente Club, and the Associated Students of Sierra College. All events are free and open to the public. Calendar of Events (For more information please contact Jennifer Kattman at jkattman@sierracollege.edu.) MONDAY, OCTOBER 13 9:30-10:50am in the Fireside Room: “Brief History of Protest Music” by Professor Jason Roberts In this presentation, Professor Jason Roberts will look at protest music from the early 1960s to the present with such artists as Joan Baez, the Rolling Stones, Marvin Gaye, Public Enemy, and Rage Against the Machine. 11am-12:20pm in the Fireside Room: “The New Native Intellectualism: Social Media, Social Justice and Native American Studies” by Cutcha Risling Baldy Cutcha Risling Baldy (Hupa, Karuk, Yurok) is an instructor and PhD candidate in Native American Studies. Her research is interdisciplinary (feminist and literary theory, politics and California Indian theory and methodology). Author of “Why We Gather: traditional gathering in native Northwest California and the future of bio-cultural sovereignty” and numerous related publications. Her dissertation (translated) is “To Grow Old in a Good Way” is about the revitalization of the Hupa Women’s Coming of Age Ceremony. Ms. Risling Baldy founded the Native Women’s Collective. 12:30-1:50pm in the Fireside Room: “Louder than Words” by Billy X Jennings...
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...Name Professor Course Date Internet Activism and Vigilante Justice Vigilante behavior is that which matches the behavior of vigilantes. According to (Earl, Jennifer and Katrina 34)), vigilante justice discusses the actions of a group of people or of an individual who claim to be enforcing the law, but they lack the legal capacity of enforcing the law. Vigilante justice also discusses a general state of anarchy whereby a competing crowd claims to be enforcing the law in a particular area (Khosla 107). A vigilante is an organization or a civilian that acts in a capacity of enforcing the law without the legal approval or perhaps in the pursuit of self-proclaimed justice (LaRocca 67).Other words for vigilante justice are extrajudicial punishment and frontier justice that typically exists in societies that lack law and order. Internet activism, on the other hand, is the use of e-communication devices and technologies that include social media platforms such Facebook, Google Plus, Twitter, Whatsapp, podcasts and YouTube (Hill 15). The use of these e-communication technologies enhances fast communication whereby the intended information reaches a wider audience in just a matter of time. The primary purposes of e-technologies are lobbying, community building and organizing support groups or activists. An analysis of the New York Times reveals that it published an article on internet activism and vigilante justice on January 20, 2014. The article released in New York Times on 2014...
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...Social Ambush and Criminalization of Youth Media today is like a distorted mirror, where usually only one views is portrayed. The images provided is a large part of how the social world is interpreted, which brings concern about the possible distortion of media representations. This can reinforce prejudice among the public. The social ambush in this situation would portray how African Americans and Latinos are filling the jails as fast as they can be built, creating this notion that young African Americans and Latinos are prone to end up in the criminal justice system. This stereotypical images of racialized youth is perpetuated and promoted through various forms of media, which can create this idea that people of this ethnic race are going to end up in the justice system. African Americans and Latinos face a lot of criminalization because of the social inequalities in America. This can stem from unequal opportunity to seek out jobs, government resources and equal justice because of their skin color and this notion that they are violate individuals. So when poor black and brown youth make bad choices in life, they are more likely to face criticism more harshly than other ethnicity like White or Asians. With this perceived perception of poor black and brown youth, they become targets of teachers, law enforcement and the justice system. With the help of media, it help shapes a certain image of who African American and brown youth are. This stigma affect the youth today who fill...
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...society such as Australia, crime trends largely influence parliaments and ministries in crime policy management. If the media are found to be reporting an upward trend in crime figures, enough to unease the public, policy makers are put under pressure to increase punishment and change rules relating to procedures of criminal prosecution. Judicial decisions are intended to reflect public opinion; therefore a judge would then feel obliged to hand down harsher sentences (Pfeiffer, Windzio & Kleinmann, 2005). This, in turn, confirms it is imperative to address the substantial difference between the public’s perception of crime rates, and accurate crime statistics. As previous Australian and international research has indicated, a large majority of the public perceives crime rates to be increasing; they also have inaccurate views on the severity of sentencing. “The Australian Public overestimates the proportion of crime that involves violence and underestimates the proportion of charged persons who go on to be convicted and imprisoned” (Roberts & Indermaur, 2009). To help explain this contradiction in Australia, crime statistics have been analyzed and factors that could influence these inaccurate perceptions have been discovered. Two significant factors that influence the perception that crime rates are increasing, is the gender of a person, and the mass media. Widespread studies have ben conducted in countries all over the world to uncover the real perception people have...
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...Social Media Legal 100 November 30, 2013 Social Media If you were to ask this simple question “What does social media mean?” The reply will vary according to the social status of each individual. Some people have become so dependent on the social media of their choice, to the extreme that it has become addictive, while others may see that social media in today’s society is destroying our ability to communicate “the old fashion way” face to face. On the other hand, many businesses are finding that social media is an integral part of their operations in order to effectively reach consumers, launch new products, and generate large customer bases. It’s become a very sufficient, dependable, and effective way for them to reach their goals by utilizing it as a marketing tool. There are many social media outlets to talk about; I have chosen “YouTube” because of its ability for creativity that I feel is necessary when marketing your business. YouTube’s vision is, “A Daily Destination for Creativity, Learning and Free Expression” (YouTube, 2013). Anytime there is a use of social media when it relates to your business; there definitely must be management in place that can approve and monitor every legal aspect of the process with the ability to communicate with knowledge that will protect the company, and also provide solutions to any legal problems that may occur as result of the merge. According to Bagley (2013), “The Legally Astute Manager”, “At its core, legal astuteness...
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...Positivist and Classical criminology, are discussed. Other disciplines namely Sociology, Psychology, and the Criminal Justice Sector are examined and applied to the broad subject of criminology, to show the network of how this subject came to be recognised as such a discipline. Exposed are main issues that occur for the likes of criminologists and other social scientists when challenged with defining criminology; and the problems that definition’s carry with themselves. This essay will look in to the birth of criminology as a new discipline and how it has evolved in what it is known today as an applied social science. Explanation of what an ‘applied social science’ will be detailed and collectively the answer to the meaning and validity of the label of ‘rendezvous discipline’ will be provided. Topics that criminology is weaved into for instance are Globalisation, Capital Punishment, Serial Killing, Media, and Genocide. Used to demonstrate the importance that this discipline provides, in a range of contexts Media is the focus later in the essay. Criminology can be studied on its own as a subject, and also applied and used in determining why certain acts of criminality occur in society, referring often to patterns in crime using Criminological Statistical Analysis. In the opinion of Maguire et al (2012) ‘the study of the various social practices associated with criminal justice is currently divided into two main areas marked by a combination of disciplinary tools and institutional...
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...the role of the media in the construction of the general public`s perceptions of crime and the implications of this for the development of safety policies. The primary source of information on crime and safety policies is the mass media. Mass media has a primary aim to inform and entertain and therefore the coverage of crime may be inaccurate, biased and may promote inappropriate policies of crime control. However, the influence that the media imposes upon the public about crime will ultimately be dependent upon how the content of the media is interpreted by specific audiences. In relation to crime statistics and the public’s perceptions, the Government's British Crime Survey (BCS) of 2008/9, results showed that UK public felt crime had increased locally from 36 per cent in 2007/08 to 38 per cent in 2008/09 and an increase in the proportion of people who think crime has increased nationally from 65 per cent in 2007/08 to 75 per cent in 2008/09 when in fact the figures had decreased. On the other hand, some categories of crime did show an increase, such as theft from the person which increased by 7 per cent. Two main categories of mass media are print media and electronic media. Both categories differ in the way that print media is mainly factual and electronic media tends to provide visual imaging to relay information. At present visual media coverage is the most predominant in conveying the meanings and emotions of various crimes. It appears that visual media is what helps...
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...Societal Needs of The Criminal Justice Professional January 27, 2015 The world that we live in is changing so fast and with it new societal issues within our communities. With these changes our criminal justice professionals must continue to train to stay focused on the issues they are faced with. One societal change that I want to touch on is teen prostitution. The demand on the criminal justice professional to curb this increasing issue is intense. Many police departments do not have the resources to handle this issue. Putting in place School Resource Officers (SROs) in local schools can help to a certain extent. Officers in schools provide a wide array of services. Although their duties can vary considerably from community to community, the three most typical roles of SROs are safety expert and law enforcer, problem solver and liaison to community resources, and educator. SROs frequently assist in resolving problems that are not necessarily law violations, such as bullying or disorderly behavior, but which are nonetheless safety issues that can result in or contribute to criminal incidents. Helping resolve these problems frequently requires the officer to act as a resource liaison, referring students to professional services within both the school (guidance counselors, social workers) and the community (youth and family service organizations). In particular, SROs often build relationships with juvenile justice counselors, who are responsible for supervising...
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...Introducing Critical Media Studies How we know what we know We learn: * Somatically: direct, sensory perception of environment * Symbolically: indirect, mediated through someone or something * Medium: info that comes to us from indirect channel Categorizing Mass Media * Mass Media: media with potential to reach large audience in remote location 1. Print media 2. Motion Picture and sound recording 3. Broadcast media 4. New media Living in Postmodernity * Postmodernity: time where economic mode of production shifted from commodity-based manufacturing to information-based services Trends in Mass Media in Postmodernity 1. Convergence: tendency of media to share a common, integrated platform 2. Mobility: ease an object can move place to place 3. Fragmentation: splitting of consumer public to more specialized taste cultures 4. Globalization: fall of autonomy; rise of flexible worldwide social relations 5. Simulation: representation of real Why study media? * Socialization: learn, adopt, internalize prevailing cultural beliefs and norms of society * Mediated messages = content + form * Content influences what we learn (disasters in news); form influences how we learn (text vs. image) Doing Critical Media Studies * Critical media studies: theoretical perspectives, diverse, but united by skeptical attitude, humanistic approach, political assessment, and commitment to social justice Key Characteristics of Critical Media Studies 1....
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...The role of mainstream media and social media in Nirbhaya Gang rape case The media plays an important role in today’s society through strengthening individuals to express their opinions about the morals and vices in the world. Kumar (2013) noted that media has become as necessary as clothing and food in society since it helps both the marginalized and the powerful to get the justice they deserve in various situations. The mainstream media and social media are considered to be mirrors of the contemporary society since it shapes the people. Hallam (2012) noted the purpose of the social and mainstream media is to keep the people informed about the current affairs and the latest fashion and gossip. The social media such as facebook and twitter are used to market and trade products and services since most of the people are using digital devices. Adi (2014) noted that Media in the community is in charge of education, information, advertising, entertainment and correlation of various parts of society. Nirbhaya gang rape case A female physiotherapy intern 23 years old was beaten and gang raped on 16 December 2012 in Delhi and died few days later while she was undergoing treatment for gastrointestinal and brain damage from the disastrous ordeal (Bhandopadhyay and Singh, 2015). The lady and her male companion had gone to watch a film in Saket in South Delhi that evening. After the movie they boarded a bus at Munirkwa that was headed to Dwarka that they thought was public. There...
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...Social Media in Criminal Justice Administration Analysis Leo/593 25 January 2016 The media and law enforcement really seems to have a very dysfunctional relationship. While there are many examples of where both media and law enforcement cooperate very well together, more often than not, the relationship tends to tilt to the negative side. This relationship has even gotten worse as an effect of the most recent events. The textbook says that the media’s main focus is to generate profits. With that mindset of always wanting to make money, the media will sometimes make decisions to reveal things to the general public that are not entirely true. As an effect, that could cause the public to lose respect for law enforcement. An example of this can be seen from the events that took place in Ferguson, Missouri where teen Michael Brown was shot and killed by a police officer and eventually led to riots in the streets. These events happened because multiple media outlets decided to tell the public details about the shooting before any actual investigation could figure out what happened. The media kept spitting out information about the incident that made the Ferguson police department look bad. The police department could not defend themselves from these accusations because they could not give out any information about an ongoing investigation. Furthermore, the rise of technological advancements like social media outlets, i.e. Facebook and Twitter, are potential dangers that are beyond...
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...is it fair or unfair justice??? America was built on the premise of everyone having equal rights. After years of British tyranny our forefathers felt they wanted a system where they will not be improperly punished without facts. In fact the framers of the Constitution felt they needed a system where everyone gets a fair shot. In America everyone who is accused of a crime is supposed to have a fair trial and is assumed innocent until proven guilty. Sadly, however, some would argue America’s criminal justice system has become more twisted and unfair than ever and that the rule of law has basically been vanquished in America’s criminal justice system. Outcomes of cases are generally decided now by the prosecutors and more plea bargaining is the norm over trial by jury. Yet so many people in our society today feels that people in the system gets equal opportunities. Although some people end up with different sentences and punishments people say that the American court system is a fair system. America has slowly turned into a system where justice and fairness is overruled by money and power. In the media today many people are committing crimes and walking away with a slap on the wrist. Many social media and news shows the bias in court systems through their broadcasts of issues. The American justice system is biased in their convictions and sentencing through racial disproportion, social structure, and economic standing. Our criminal justice system in biased in...
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...least one of three key questions: 1. "What do we do?" 2. "For whom do we do it?" 3. "How do we excel?"(Armstrong, 1986) In many organizations, this is viewed as a process for determining where an organization is going over the next year or more typically 3 to 5 years (long term), although some extend their vision to 20 years. Strategic planning is designed to help public and non-profit organizations (and communities) respond effectively to their new situations. It is a disciplined effort to produce fundamental decisions and actions shaping the nature and direction of an organization’s (or other entity’s) activities within legal bounds (Bryson, 1988). Without strategic planning and a resulting plan of action, the Department of Juvenile Justice (DJJ) will not have a clear idea of what it is doing, why it is doing it, and where it is going. If there are no goals and objectives in place to address stakeholder issues/concerns, improve programs/services, or grow the organization, it may not be able to continue meeting the needs of the very people (juveniles) it is supposed to serve. In addition, the lack of a plan could compromise public trust, result in a loss of funding, or prevent the...
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...There are several factors that can influence justice in America. I find that you can read and work up information all day on justice in America as far back as history goes. The constitution of the United States Supreme Court helps set careers and regulations of factors that do influence America. Some of them can vary in topics from your race, crime, prisons, policing, and courts. Organized crime may be defined as systematically unlawful activity for profit on city guide interstate and even international scale. Crime organized keeps their illegal operations percent and members confer by word of mouth. Gangs sometimes become sufficiently symptomatic to the call organized. The act of engaging in criminal activity as a structural group in referred in the United States as racketeering. The criminal organization depends on the part of support from the society in which it extends. It is frequently expedient for it to compromise some of society’s upright memories, especially people in the judiciary, police forces, legislature, and cultivation of mutually dependent relationships with legitimate business. The five factors that influence a justice decision are Constitution, Precedent, Judicial Philosophy, Intent, and Public Opinion. According to an article I read in a book from David O. Carpenter the Constitution states, “We, the people of the United States in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote...
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