...perform better academically. Others, however, believe that mixed schools provide children with better social skills for adult life. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. 2 Some employers believe that job applicants’ social skills are more important than their academic qualifications. Do you agree or disagree with this opinion? 3 Some people think that the government should make university education free for all students, regardless of their financial situation. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 4 When students study a foreign language, they should also study the culture and lifestyles of the people who speak the language. Do you agree or disagree? 5 Schools should only offer subjects that are beneficial to students’ future career success. Other subjects, such as music and sports, are not important. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 6 Today, more and more parents depend on their children’s grandparents for childcare. Do you think this is a positive or negative trend? 7 In many countries, average life expectancy has been increasing. What problems will this cause for individuals and for society as a whole? Suggest some solutions. 8 Some people believe that video games are harmless fun. Others, however, think that video games have a negative effect on their players. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. 9 Some people think that advertising aimed at children should be banned. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 10 Museums and art...
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...Social Cognition ECE: 353 Cognitive Development of Infants and Young Children Instructor: Sandi Levinson August 14, 2012 Social Cognition Social cognition refers to the awareness of one’s own and other people’s mental states (i.e., acquiring a theory of mind), including emotions, motives, desires and feelings. Socio-cognitive skills, such as the ability to understand, describe and predict people’s mental states, allow children to develop a strong social cognition (Moore, 2010). Developing social and cognitive awareness is especially important during infancy to prepare children to interact properly with the social world prior to school entry. For example, it is through group activities that children gradually learn the importance of sharing. This crucial ability originates from children’s understanding that other children may have a desire to play with the same toys (Moore,2010). Along the same line, recent evidence indicates that children’s socio-cognitive skills may have a direct impact on the quality of their relationships and school success. Children with a more developed social cognition tend to be better communicators, socially competent, popular with peers, happier at school, and academically more advanced. In contrast, those with poor social cognition are more likely to have difficulty making the transition to school, to react more violently in face of harsh parenting, and to experience difficulties in school that may be misread as conduct problems...
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...emotional, and social abilities, which lay the basis for mental health and wellbeing. These skills play an important role in children’s ability to make successful life transitions, learn and reach their potential at school. When children enter educational settings without having primal social and emotional skills can encounter challenges which can lead to long-term outcomes. These include the teacher spending large amounts of time managing misbehaviors, peer conflicts, negative feedback from the teacher, and fail to maintain learning atmosphere (Boyd, Barnett, Bodrova, Leong & Gomby, 2005). Current Early Childhood Education programs stress the importance of promoting...
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...Young children thrive in a positive, social learning environment and acquire new knowledge through interacting and socializing with peers. At this age, children are constantly evolving as active learners and require a multitude of stimulants to ensure learning is authentic. Teachers must take into consideration the many factors involved in the learning process including when, where, and how children play. Play holds a crucial role in the development of young children, yet play-based learning has been absent from early childhood classrooms for many years. Children interact, learn, and progress through play, whether it be with adults, other children, or by themselves. Mann, Hund, Hesson-McInnis, & Roman (2016) stated, “Early childhood is characterized...
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...Interventions for Children with Autism Name Institution Tutor Date Interventions for Children with Autism Individuals with autism demonstrate delays or deficits in social interaction and behaviours. Autism is apparent from early childhood, but can emerge in early adulthood. It is associated with a wide range of possible causes, but genetic factors are the main causes. Children with autism have impairments in cognition, language delays, and lack of or poor social interactions. Lack of communication may force these children to adopt repetitive behaviours such as self-inflicted injuries and violence. The teaching process requires interventions that address the repetitive behaviours, skill development, and play activities that promote communication and social interactions. Several authors have discussed different intervention models that are discussed in the sections below. Rita Jordan-Behavioural and Communication Intervention TEACCH Programme The programme is community based and targets children and adults with autism and communication disabilities. TEACCH aims at developing communication skills among autistic children, and help them work and play independently of adults (Jordan, Jones and Murray, 1998). The development of communication skills is based on their understanding capability and their ability to express themselves. The programme teaches several ways of communication, such as the use of photographs and pictures, symbols and words...
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...Autism is a disorder that many children in America have, but the best way to deal with this disorder is to find ways to progress with their abilities to learn and better their everyday skills. There are many different treatments of Autism for children that can help with their skills. Autism is a neuro developmental disorder that has alternative treatments with medical care and support from others. The best periods to get these treatments are for young children were they’re still learning developmental skills. The three main ideas I am discussing are the physical, social, and medical treatments for this disorder. The physical treatments that are around to support children with Autism are therapy. There are different types of therapy they can get support with such as occupational, sensory, and craniosacral therapy. These therapies can significantly help these children’s motor skills. In the Article “Traditional occupational Therapy Services for Youth with Neurologic and developmental disabilities, by Windy Chou and Minerva Duong they stated that “Occupational therapists aim to improve client factors and skills that will enable re-engagement or new engagement in valued activities. Valued activities can include work, and community integration, which is one of the instrumental activities of daily living. Typically developing youth and young adults have many life skills to learn to prepare them for post-secondary schooling, or independent living, such as money and health management...
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...language skills, social skills, motor skills, and identifying letters and numbers. Having some preparation before starting kindergarten can help your child build readiness for starting school. Pre-kindergarten claims that preparation is very important for kindergarten readiness. What is kindergarten readiness? It is determining whether or not a child is ready for kindergarten. With so many child development surveys on children aging from three to five years of age, over six million children entering kindergarten are not adequately prepared for school. (Staff and wire reports, 1987). Children are required to have a certain amount of independence before they start to attend school. (Harker, 2012). To be successful in kindergarten a child must have more skills other than knowing the alphabet or how to write their name. The child’s age, social, motor, and academic skills are a big part of the preparation process. (‘Kindergarten Readiness: More Than Academics”, 2009). Pre-kindergarten preparation has its benefits with teaching children social skills and basic letter recognition needed for kindergarten. On the other hand, children without any kind of kindergarten preparation do not seem to be far behind on social skills but are indeed unprepared in other developing skills such as oral language. (‘Preparing for Kindergarten”, 2012). A little preparation can go a long way. (Biale, 2012). Therefore pre-kindergarten does have its importance’s with teaching and preparing children for school...
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...In a study of children attending summer camp at age 10, Sroufe, Egeland, Carlson, and Collins (2005) found that securely attached children tended to have more friends and better social skills. Likewise, in a cross-sectional study using self-report data, 15-18- year-olds with good parental attachment had better social skills and, subsequently, better competence in developing friendships and romantic relationships (Engles, Finkenauer, Meeus, & Dekovic, 2005). Ainsworth found that the anxious-ambivalently attached are especially at-risk for later behavioral problems, including aggressive conduct. These data suggested it is vital for the one-third of children who do not develop a secure attachment as infants be provided opportunities to repair the original attachment relationship or construct some form of attachment outside the home, perhaps through interaction with a teacher or mentor. This paper will “BRIEFLY DESCRIBE HOW PARENTS AND TEACHERS CAN HELP TEACH SOCIAL COMPETENCE”. Erikson (1950) provided another important theory related to social competence; his psychosocial theory of personality development emphasized the interplay between the social and emotional domains. Erikson highlighted the importance of the person resolving a series of conflicts where interpersonal relationships play an important role. In infancy, the conflict is Trust versus Mistrust. Erikson hypothesized that an infant will develop trust through interaction with a warm, available, and responsive caregiver...
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...Introduction- Three skills that contribute to positive social development A. Skill #1-Oral Language i. Development of oral language requires not only learning words but also learning the rules of words and sentence structure. Oral language is heavily influenced by the amount of quality of talking parents do with their children. Children often play with language and experiment with words and patterns. (Slavin, R.E.) ii. It is important for children to obtain the skill of oral language because it will help them develop socially. If children are exposed to oral language at an early age they are more likely to have a larger vocabulary. The more words they know the better they can communicate to their peers, teachers, and parents. B. Skill #2 – Writing i. Writing emerges out of early scribbles and in the beginning it is randomly spread across the page. Young children are mentally unable to create letters in row. They will invent spellings by making judgments on sounds and by connecting those sounds to letters they already know. While trying write out what they hear, children will typically write letter names. (Slavin, R.E.) ii. It is important to achieve the skill of writing because it is something that children will use their whole lives. Writing is a part of the everyday life. If a child is unable to write they will be behind socially and educationally. C. Skill #3 – Reading i. The process of learning how to read can begin quite early if children are read to. Reading...
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...In general, playing is the mutual popular activity among children because playing is fun and flexible, it can be personal, with the presence of others or with the social presence of others (De Kort & Ijsselsteijn, 2008). The researchers and experts believe that the power of play has an important psychological role in children’s development, as reinforced by Sutton-Smith (1993, p. 279) using “play as progress” and “play ethos” by Peter Smith (1988, p. 166) both cited in Pellegrini (1995). Goldstein (2012) stated that pretend play is one of the common types of interactive social play among 2- to 6-years-old children. He also mentioned that as children grow, the nature and function of pretend play will also change from simple imitation to more...
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...INFLUENCE OF PARENTING STYLES ON SOCIAL SKILLS AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM INTRODUCTION There is a great agreement among developmental psychologists that parenting styles have important implications for child development (Darling, et al, 1993). Child rearing or commonly known as parenting is a complex activity that includes many specific behaviours that work individually or together to influence child outcomes. The relationship between a student and his or her parents has been noted to have an influential impact on not only the student performance in school but also in his/her life generally. Parenting styles have been analysed and grouped by educationists. Numerous studies such as Baumrind, (1991), Maccoby & Martin, (1983), Mandara, (2006) and Micki, (2008), have shown that the parenting style experienced by children contribute in no small measure to the moulding of the behavioral pattern generally and specifically, the social skills and academic performance of the children. Miki (2008) noted that the relationship between parenting styles and their children's social skills and academic performance has shown that parents can have a dramatic impact on their children’s performance, often resulting in a vast improvement. Also, though; not as preventing, it is also shown that parents can have a powerful impact on their children's behaviour in the classroom and at other...
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...Classroom Environment There is a lot of stress on schools and teachers to include curriculum that is appropriate and applicable to the challenges of modern life. When social issues arise through the content of school, students' daily lives and their exposure to the media; teachers must step up to the challenge. When a social issue is the focus of study, teachers need to consider how to ensure that treatment of the issue so that it is comprehensive and reasonable, and also how to avoid moral relativism without oppressing student's own opinions. Every teacher knows that a safe, clean, comfortable and attractive classroom can stimulate learning and help build a classroom community. To promote social development in the classroom teachers should incorporate life skills into their lessons. Teachers should encourage students to clam themselves and help them to find ways to do so. This is also known as conflict resolution skills. When children learn conflict resolution skills they are able to effetely work through problems without violence. Teachers should help students to set goals, both academic and personal. This goes along with Maslow's social development theory. Maslow said that self-actualization can be done by setting goals or "to find self-fulfillment and realize one's potential" (Huitt, 2004). By doing this teacher are providing positive examples of what goal setting can do. Teachers need to encourage interaction between others students . This can be done by having students...
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...A columnist and editor, David Brooks has written for the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal and the Washington Times and edited for the Weekly Standard, the Atlantic, and Newsweek. Brooks begins his essay with criticizing Amy Chua’s parenting with showing how hard she is on her daughters. He’s reasonable throughout but still questions Chua and calls her “soft”. In “Amy Chua is a Wimp,” David Brooks argues that Amy Chua is too soft when it comes to parenting, leading her to ignore the importance in her children acquiring social skills, and that those skills are just as important as academic skills. Brooks begins with highlighting some cringe-worthy situations from Chua’s book. Amy Chua, a well-known “Tiger Mom,” believes western parents...
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...entertaining. They help children improve a wide range of skills. Through puzzles, children enhance their motor, cognitive, and social skills, as well as their emotional well-being. Puzzles offer many benefits. Enhances Fine Motor Skills Fine motor skills are an important developmental milestone in early childhood. Children need as much exposure as possible to activities that enhance these skills. Puzzles are an ideal way to help children develop fine motor skills. By picking up the puzzle pieces, turning them around, and snapping them in place, children have the opportunity to refine their fine motor skills. Practicing...
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...The Benefits Of Having Children Attend Pre School Education Essay Abstract This report covers the benefit of sending children to pre-school before kindergarten. Literature review is used to explore the research existing in this field. It will help us to understand what effect pre-school has on children. Such programs are also discussed in the paper which is conducting training for preschoolers for their development. This paper not only covers that academic aspect but also sheds light on the benefits preschool education has on social and emotional aspects of children's life. After collecting this information, it will be collaborated with the findings of this research paper using different research technique. In the end, the paper will be concluded along with some suggestions. Introduction In this competitive world it is very important to train the children in such a way that they are not left behind. Study shows that with pre-school training, children show much developed skills of learning when they enter kindergarten. If a child is being read to at home, visits museums, learns how to play a game and reads along someone then it is more likely that his/her learning abilities are polished and ready for kindergarten (Stube & Patrick, 2010). Pre-school is a planned program for children before they start their formal education. It deals with the learning ability of a child. Children are trained in such a way that their learning abilities are enhanced. Specified techniques are...
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