Chapters 3-6 Midterm Study Guide * Norms- specific rules of behavior, agreed upon and shared that prescribe limits of acceptable behavior * Achieved status- conferred upon us by virtue of birth or other significant factors not controlled by our own actions or decisions; people occupy them regardless of their intentions ex. Family positions * Ascribed status- acquired as a result of the individual’s actions ex. Students, professor, garage mechanic, race car driver, artist, prisoner, bus driver, husband, wife, mother or father * Triad- two against one alliance; three members * Dyad- the smallest group contains only two members * Ego, ed, super ego(which one represents norms and values) * Difference between conflict and competition * Conflict- people join in forces to achieve a common goal; people in conflict struggle with one another for some commonly prized object or value * Competition- form of conflict in which individuals or groups confine their conflict within agreed-upon rules; common form of interaction * Generalized others- the viewpoints, attitudes, and expectations of society as a whole or a community of people whom are aware of and who are important to us * Secondary groups- characterized by much less intimacy among its members. Has specific goals, is formally organized and is impersonal * Primary groups- interaction between members who have an emotional investment in one another and in a situation, who know one another intimately ex. Family members * Genes- inherited units of biological material * Social interaction- the interplay between the actions of one individual and those of one or more other people; understanding the nature of social life * Group- often used for almost any occasion when or more people come together * Difference between adult and primary socialization-