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Socrates

In: Philosophy and Psychology

Submitted By Jaden1882
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Congestive heart failure: a fluid overload condition associated with heart failure.
-inadequate tissue perfusion.
-result when the heart cannot generate a CO sufficient to meet the body's demands.
-myocardial disease in which there is a problem with the contraction of the heart, systolic or filling.

-LF. Sided HF: pulmonary congestion occurs when the LF ventricle cannot effectively pump blood out of the ventricle into the aorta and the systemic system. Pulmonary venous blood volume and pressure increases, forcing fluid from the pulmonary caps into the pulmonary tissues and alveoli, causing pulmonary interstitial edema and impaired gas exchange. Dyspnea, cough, crackles, low O2, extra heart sound S3, may need pillows (difficulties breathing while lying down).

-RT. sided HF: congestion of the peripheral tissues and the viscera predominates. Right side cannot eject blood and cannot accommodate all the blood that normally returns to it. Edema of lower extremities, hepatomegaly (venous engorgement of the liver) ascites (gastro distress), anorexia, weakness. Th increased pressure interferes with the livers function, increased pressure in the portal veins-forcing fluid into the abdominal cavity. Hepatomegaly may also cause pressure on the diaphragm-resp distress.

Medical Management
-if possible, eliminate or reduce contributing factors. Reduce the workload of the heart - preload, after load.
-prevent exacerbation of HF.
-ACE inhibitors: promote diuresis by decreasing the secretion of aldosterone, which retains sodium, then stimulate the kidney to secrete sodium and fluid, reducing left ventricle filling pressure decreasing pulmonary congestion.
-Diuretics: remove excess extra cellular fluid by increasing the rate of urine produced. Thiazides, loop, potassium sparring.

Therapy
-low sodium diet (reduces fluid retention) and avoidance of excessive

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