...I don't believe in any form of unjustified extremism! But when a man is exercising extremism-a human being is exercising extremism in defense of liberty for human beings it's no vice, and one is moderate in the pursuit of justice for human beings I say he is a sinner – Malcolm X Extremism: The New Patriotism The recent rise of Islamic extremism on the international stage has alarmed many individuals around the world. Theories about the cause of its rapid and often time’s violent expansion have ranged from reactions to US foreign policy to the fall of “moderate secular” rulers in the Middle East. While these may be important contributing factors to the rise of Islamic extremism it is important that it is recognize for what it truly is: a form of patriotism. This is true for all other forms of radical extremism existing today and in the near past. Whether it is in defense of a nation-state, religion, or region extremists of all stripes, whether morally right or wrong can be viewed as being deeply patriotic regarding their cause. This can be seen not only in today’s contemporary Islamic extremists, but also in the Irish Republican Army during the 20th century, and even as far back as the French Revolution. Judd 2 Webster’s dictionary defines patriotism simply as “a devoted love, support, and defense of one’s country; national loyalty.” It also defines terrorism as “the use of violence and threats to intimidate or...
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...The Underlying Truth of the Sons of Liberty In Todd Alan Kreamer’s article Sons of Liberty: Patriots or Terrorists, Kreamer delivers the reader with a simple yet complex question that leaves an individual questioning themselves. Were the Sons of Liberty, a group which we grew up being taught were passionate patriots rebelling against the oppressive British, terrorists instead? Perplexed with this question and delivered with facts from all different angles, I believe this group was an organization with deep patriotic roots that revolted and implored terrorism on both the British military and innocent individuals. Thusly I feel that the Sons of Liberty were indeed terrorists but also insurgents for they attacked military personnel as well as the innocent civilians. The author offers examples of attacks on the British and loyalists by the Sons of Liberty. Such as, their revolt against the established government through tarring the loyalists, breaking into and wrecking Fort George’s commander’s house, burning the governor’s coach, and burning down the lieutenant governor’s house. These acts were attacks and revolts upon the innocent people as well as the government and militants of Britain. Through these acts which frightened and scared the British and their supporters, this group of men expressed their form of “patriotism” in a very terrorizing manner. A terrorist is defined to be someone who uses violent acts to frighten innocent civilians as a way of trying to achieve a political...
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...The Sons of Liberty, thought to be heroes by most, were actually terrorists. As the definition of terrorism states that it is the unlawful use of violence and intimidation especially against civilians in the pursuit of political aims. The difference between the actions of the colonists and combat is enclosed on the people fighting. In combat the opposing forces that are physically fighting are armed services, however, the Sons of Liberty fought and harm civilians. As Todd Alan Kreamer wrote on Varsity Tutors, “Tarring and feathering Loyalists was a common practice.” Yet those Loyalists were only civilians who were for Great Britain, and were not military personal ready to fight back. Another clear example of the violence of the Sons of Liberty, is the destruction of personal property of Governor of Massachusetts, Thomas Hutchinson....
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...4/12/2012 By: Derek Putnam | | The Sons of Liberty | | The Sons of Liberty | The Sons of Liberty used their power and influence to manipulate popular opinion, thereby inciting the public to act against the laws and control of England. They were one of the most influential groups behind the American Revolution. The start of the Sons of Liberty is something of a mystery. The group always met in secret and it is disputed where it all began. Some say it started in New York and some will say under the leadership of Samuel Adams the Boston chapter was first. One thing is certain though, they all had the same goal, to organize public opinion and coordinate patriotic actions against Great Britain. The Sons of Liberty met at night so not to attract the British soldiers and to keep their activities secret until they felt it was time to make them public. One of the main reasons the groups were started was to protest and campaign against the Stamp Act. That was just the start of what the group would protest against and continue to fight for liberty against Britain. The Sons of Liberty name actually came from a speech given to parliament by Colonel Isaac Barre, “the behavior of Britain’s officials toward Americans on many occasions has caused the blood of those Sons of Liberty to recoil within them”, which wasn’t intended to imply disloyalty towards the crown but when word got back to the colonies and they saw his words they used them to their benefit. Barre...
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...ominous cloud of this same technology gathering information and using it to hurt others. Sharing information has now become dangerous and society must adapt to the ever-changing world of technology and protect them. One of the major changes seen in government was the adoption of the Patriot Act of 2001. This act pertains to the government being able to access personal information and share it under the covering of protection and security. The Department of Justice states, “The Department of Justice’s first priority is to prevent future terrorist attacks. Since its passage following the September 11, 2001 attacks, the Patriot Act has played a key part and often the leading role- in a number of successful operations to protect innocent Americans from the deadly plans of terrorists dedicated to destroying America and our way of life. While the results have been important, in passing the Patriot Act, Congress provided for only modest, incremental changes in the law. Congress simply took existing legal principles and retrofitted them to preserve the lives and liberty of the American people from the challenges posed by a global terrorist network.” The law has now changed to protect the people from terrorists and has the slippery slope of invading the public’s...
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...Liberty University The Chaplain in Today’s Military A paper submitted to Dr. Charlie Davidson In partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the course CHPL 600 Liberty Theological seminary By Jonathan Keene Lynchburg, Virginia Friday, October 11, 2013 Table of Contents Introduction 3 Legal Boundaries 3 Theological/Biblical Justification for the Christian Chaplaincy 5 The Chaplain’s Present Ministry 6 The Future of the Christian Military Chaplain 9 Conclusion 12 Bibliography 13 Introduction The chaplaincy in the American Military is as old as the United States of America. Chaplains fought alongside General George Washington in the revolutionary war and served as officiators over many ceremonial precedings in the early days of United States history. Today’s military chaplain still fights alongside military men and women in austere environments around the globe. He is responsible for providing meaningful worship materials and services for the variety of faiths that are represented by individuals in the United States Military. It is through the policy of pluralism in an attitude of tolerance and compassion that the military chaplain is able to minister to service men and women of various faiths. Recent policy decisions by the United States Pentagon, the last few presidential administrations, and the leaders of the armed forces have created an increasingly difficult environment for devout Christians to...
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...anti-terrorism policies. The creation of the Department of Homeland Security or (HDS). What policies had to be implemented and what did the creation of a new agency affected or benefit. The impact that international terrorism has caused the United States of America and how this policies and changes help build a stronger defense against them. The implementation of local enforcement agencies and the community in the fight to deter terrorist attacks. The Federal Emergency Management Agency or (FEMA) and how organizational bureaucracy hindered cooperation and communication among local and federal agencies. This paper will address what measures have been and can be taken in the future to improve inter-agency cooperation and communication. Table of Content Terrorism and Homeland Security: The Impacts on Preventative Measures Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………………2 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………..4 Terrorism and the creation of the DHS………................................................................................4 USA PATRIOT ACT……………………………………………………………………………...5 Appropriate roles of agencies and community………………………………………………….5-6 Preventative plans…………………………………………………………………………………6 Community Emergency Response………………………………………………………………...6 FEMA……………………………………………………………………………………………..7 National Response Plan…………………………………………………………………………...7 Interagency cooperation………………………………………………………………………...7-8 Development of information sharing system…………………………………………………...
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...following the event, the massacre would be memorialized through different memorials, including speeches, paintings, exhibits, and statues. These would not only represent and memorialize those who lost their lives during the massacre, but also represent the struggle for the revolutionary cause, further cementing the massacre’s place in America’s fight for independence. By exploring the narratives surrounding law and the memory surrounding the Boston Massacre, this paper aims to shed light on the process of justice, politics, and remembrance in early America. Through different forms of narratives, we gain deeper insights into the significance of the Massacre in shaping American history and identity, when looking at the ongoing struggle for liberty. Before looking into the Boston Massacre, it is important to understand the different events that happened before. The end of the Seven Years'' War between England and other high European powers fought mainly on American grounds, sparked what would eventually lead to the rebellion amongst the Thirteen Colonies. The primary disagreement surrounded the concern about the placement of British citizens in North America and how the British government would pay for their upkeep. Author Daniel Marston discusses how the Seven Years' War impacted the American Colonies in his book, American Revolution 1774-1783. He mentions a lot of things. “Before the war, the British government had undertaken minimal contact with or interference in the internal...
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...Fahrenheit 451-“ The temperature at which book paper catches fire, and burns” (title page). In Fahrenheit 451, science fiction author Ray Bradbury wrote a novel about censorship and about governments taking away the rights of citizens. In several ways, Bradbury’s theme seems to describe the circumstances Americans have been living in since the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. In the novel, as well as in the film, Bradbury presents the reader with his viewpoints on censorship which provide a parallel perspective comparing how American citizens have lived prior to and after the 9/11 attacks. Bradbury’s novel begins with explicit details describing the burning of books. The opening is somewhat alarming because burning books is not what a normal person would consider to be the duty of a firefighter. The government has made it forbidden and unlawful to read books. As a reader, I could not help myself from thinking back to the times of Communism in the Soviet Union and Nazism in Hitler’s Germany. During the 1950s, in protest to Communism and Nazism, many of the same token books were being burned here in the US. In the film a symbolic relationship between black, evil, Communism, and death is painted by the firefighters jet-black hardened helmets and their jet black flameproof jackets. The color black seems to symbolize the coming of death. The firefighters wore all black uniforms and they rode on a very red box-like shaped vehicle filled with petrol. The red could symbolize...
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...Militarized Police: A Growing Epidemic Eric Reed Liberty University Abstract The purpose of this research is to document the chronic spread of militarization of police agencies across the United States at the federal, state, and local levels. Police militarization is one of the most controversial issues facing our police forces and encompasses a wide range of problems, from cases of excessive force, to civil rights violations, to budgetary problems. This research will include events that led to the creation of the first SWAT units, the aftereffects of the September 11 attacks, as well as the problems that both the contemporary public and police agencies face today. Finally, this project will highlight several proposed solutions to curb the increasing prevalence of police militarization, specifically as it pertains to agency administration. Militarized Police: A Growing Epidemic Eric Reed Liberty University Every day across the United States, tens of thousands of police officers and federal agents put their lives on the line to serve their communities and their country. They face a myriad of threats that could reveal themselves at any given moment, and it's impossible to predict what the next day of work holds for these men and women. The key to survival is to be well-prepared for any situation; as such, it is of utmost importance that our officers and agents have access to the protection and tools they need to deal with and adapt to the ever-changing force of...
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...Contemplating Realities and Paradoxes in the Global War on Terror John B. Alexander, Ph.D. Introduction The approach of this monograph is to examine paradoxes encountered in the Global War on Terror (GWOT). The intent is to spark debate on disputatious issues. Clearly, many of the existing situations appear intractable given the emotional investment that has been made by the public, and exacerbated by political manipulation of elected officials. Also unavoidable are the fiscal constraints that are becoming increasingly binding. Examined in Section One are problematic premises related to the four fundamental approaches to countering terrorism; increased security, eliminating the terrorists, attacking the support infrastructure, and altering conditions that breed discontent. Despite trite, albeit politically popular, commentary proposing those methods, execution of those concepts is extremely difficult, often controversial, and sometimes counterproductive. Section Two of this monograph addresses several other policy decisions that generate problems that are difficult to resolve, but directly impact the forces involved. Among those topics are; roles of contractors, individual loyalties versus national interests, alliances of convenience, foreign response to our policy on preemption of weapons of mass destruction (WMDs), the consequences of our stated objective of spreading democracy, the impact of U.S. presence in the Gulf region, and quandary associated with defining...
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...The Nature of Sacrifice In The History And Ideology Of The Gush Emunim There can be no argument that by living in small settlements in the hostile and explosive West Bank and Gaza Strip, Gush Emunim settlers are making some sort of sacrifice. Surrounded no doubt by hostile Palestinians who feel that the Israelis are occupying their home, religious settlers face the potential for violence and death on a daily basis. In what is becoming a more perilous state of affairs in Israel with each suicide bombing, shooting spree, or IDF incursion into the Palestinian territories and refugee camps, perhaps no one on the Israeli side faces as constant a risk of danger than the Gush Emunim. This paper will attempt to examine the very nature of sacrifice that the Gush Emunim are involved in, as well as the biblical justification for this sacrifice. I also mean to explore the biblical justification the Gush Emunim may use to support their willingness to resort to violence against the Palestinians in defending this sacrifice. Their attitude towards their hostile neighbors is the same attitude their ancestors held about the Canaanites: “you must be expelled, whether peacefully or violently, because this is our land according to God.” In the history and ideology of the Gush Emunim, examples of both Nancy Jay’s communion sacrifice as well as Hubert and Mauss’s contractual sacrifice are plenty. The sacred violence as a cultural foundation about which Gil Bailie writes can also be found. Furthermore...
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...Congress's authority to check the president's judicial appointment power is a concept that can be attributed largely to the ideas of d. Charles-Louis, the Second Baron of Montesquieu. 9. Ch01-009-p010 Why was indirect democracy a necessary alternative to direct democracy? b. It became increasingly difficult to bring all the colonists together in the decision-making process. 10. Ch01-010-p010 Aristotle attempted to devise a way to classify governments. Critical to his analyses was knowledge of d. whom citizens were ruled by and in whose interest. 11. Ch01-011-p011 In an oligarchy, rule is by b. the few. 12. Ch01-012-p011 American political culture embodies many key concepts including I. absolute personal liberty. II. political equality. III. majority rule. IV. individualism. e. II, III, and IV 13. Ch01-013-p012 The ________ expanded Americans' conceptions of personal...
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...French Revolution AOS 1 Revs Revision Notes – Part I AOS 1 – French Revolution Index: 1. PRE REVOLUTION FRANCE a. France in the 18th Century b. Power and Limitations of the King c. Privilege and its Spread d. Frances Taxes (How and What) e. The Estates 2. IDEAS, INPUTS AND CAUSES a. Very Short List of Causes of the Revolution b. Shift to Sensibility c. American Revolution Input d. The Liberal Economic Theory (Physiocracy) e. The Philosophes 3. FINANCIAL CRISIS AND MANAGEMENT a. Frances Financial Crisis b. Frances Finance Ministers (Comptroller-General) c. Compte Rendu d. Parlements and Their Role e. Assembly of Notables and Their Role 4. EVENTS PRECEEDING AND DURING EXILE AND RECALL OF PARLEMENTS a. Ségur Ordinance b. Diamond Necklace Affair c. Eden Treaty d. Calling of the Assembly of Notables e. The Dutch Crisis (Spring 1787) f. Last Chance with the Notables g. Notables Dissolved h. Attempts to Pass Reforms at the Parlements i. Exile and Recall of the Parlements j. Society of Thirty 5. EVENTS PRECEEDING CALL OF ESTATES GENERAL a. The Reduction of Parlement’s Rights b. The Day of Tiles (Grenoble) c. The Famine of 1788 d. The Calling of the Estates-General 6. ESTATES-GENERAL ...
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...AVIATION TERRORISM Thwarting High-Impact Low-Probability Attacks TERRORISME AÉRIEN Contrecarrer des attaques improbables à impacts élevés A Thesis Submitted to the Division of Graduate Studies of the Royal Military College of Canada by Jacques Duchesneau, C.M., C.Q., C.D. In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy April 2015 ©Jacques Duchesneau © This thesis may be used within the Department of National Defence but copyright for open publication remains the property of the author. ROYAL MILITARY COLLEGE OF CANADA COLLÈGE MILITAIRE ROYAL DU CANADA DIVISION OF GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH DIVISION DES ÉTUDES SUPÉRIEURES ET DE LA RECHERCHE This is to certify that the thesis prepared by / Ceci certifie que la thèse rédigée par JACQUES DUCHESNEAU, C.M., C.Q., C.D. AVIATION TERRORISM Thwarting High-Impact Low-Probability Attacks complies with the Royal Military College of Canada regulations and that it meets the accepted standards of the Graduate School with respect to quality, and, in the case of a doctoral thesis, originality, / satisfait aux règlements du Collège militaire royal du Canada et qu'elle respecte les normes acceptées par la Faculté des études supérieures quant à la qualité et, dans le cas d'une thèse de doctorat, l'originalité, for the degree of / pour le diplôme de PHILOSOPHIÆ DOCTOR IN WAR STUDIES Signed by the final examining committee: / Signé par les membres du comité examinateur...
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