...Managerial Economics Analysis of the factors influencing the quantity imported of common wheat Contents Introduction 3 Literature revue 3 Panos Konandreas, Peter Bushnell and Richard Green (1978) 4 Won W. Koo (1984) 5 Daniela Kopp and Iain Wallace (1990) 6 Franqois Ortalo-Magne and Barry K. Goodwin (1990) 7 William W. Wilson (1994) 10 James N. Barnes and Dennis A. Shields (1998) 11 S. D. Rozelle and J. Huang (1998) 14 Samarendu Mohanty and E. Wesley F. Peterson(1999) 15 M. Uzunoz and Y. Akcay (2009) 16 L. J. S. Baiyegunhi and A. M Sikhosana (2012) 18 Methodology and results 18 Explanation of coefficients: 27 Elasticity Analysis : 30 Conclusion 32 References 33 Appendices 35 Introduction Food habits vary in finction of countries and regions. In Morocco, the wheat production have reached 3400 million metric tons in 2012 ("Index mundi," ), which makes Morocco wheat production ranked in the 24th place, excluding EU. All over the world, people consumption of wheat has increased in the majority of countries. Wheat is more and more used in every meal. Due to its importance in the Moroccan alimentation, we decided to to conduct a study related to the imported quantity of common wheat. The objective of this study is to determine the factors influencing the quantity demanded of common wheat in Morocco...
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...Total Factor Productivity Means and its components Grain crops in Nigerian Agriculture Crops Efficiency Technical Pure Scale Malmquist Total Factor Change Change Efficiency Efficiency Index Productivity Change Change Growth (%) Maize 0.979 1.025 1.000 0.979 1.004 0.4 Millet 0.992 1.018 0.994 0.998 1.010 1.0 Rice 0.980 1.026 0.965 1.015 1.005 0.5 Sorghum 0.983 1.022 0.966 1.018 1.004 0.4 Wheat 1.000 1.022 1.000 1.000 1.022 2.2 MEAN 0.987 1.023 0.985 1.002 1.009 0.9 Source: Computed from FAO STAT Data...
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...the United States Government. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ACE AGRA AISP ADMARC CISANET CPL CHDI COMESA COMPETE EAC FEWSNET FNSJTF GAC GMAC GOM GTPA ICRISAT MACE MBS MoAFS MoIT MRA NASFAM NEPAD NFRA NPQS NSO SMIP SPS SABI SADC SFRFFM USAID VCA WFP WRS Agriculture Commodity Exchange for Africa Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa Agriculture Input Subsidy Program Agriculture Development and Marketing Board Civil Society for Agriculture Network Chibuku Products Ltd. Clinton Hunger Development Initiative Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa Competitiveness and Trade Expansion Programme East African Community Famine Early Warning System Network Food Nutrition and Security Joint Task Force Group Action Committee Grain Marketing Advisory Council Government of Malawi Grain Traders and Processors Association International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics Malawi Agricultural Commodity Exchange Malawi Bureau of Standards Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security Ministry of Industry and Trade Malawi Revenue Authority National Smallholder Farmers Association of Malawi New Partnership for Africa‘s Development National Food Reserves Agency National Plant Quarantine Service National Statistics Office Sorghum and Millet Improvement Programme Sanitary and Phytosanitary Sustainable Agri-Business Initiative Southern Africa Development Community Smallholder Farmer Revolving Fertilizer Fund of Malawi United States Agency for International Development Value Chain Analysis...
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...formed after wine appeared, but nobody defined it clearly and completely for a long time. Until 1944, Jiacheng Xiao said that wine culture was the integration of material, technical, spiritual, custom, psychological and behavior phenomena which generated around the center – wine (Li D, Hui Y, 2005). The wine culture at table has two sides of contents. On the one hand, it involves the content that is about the production of wine; on the other hand, it consists of the content that is about drinking wine. The types of wine in China China is located the east of Asia, which has extensive plain, fertile soil and warm climate, so it is fit for developing agriculture. Long time ago, people began developing agriculture. They planted some crops in their fertile soil of the land every year, and the crops such as grain, rice, wheat, sorghum, millet, barley etc. always gave a high yield. It was from then on that people have been using them to make all types of alcoholic beverages. Today, China is also famous for its masterly technology of making wine. Chinese wine that people usually drink at table can be generally classified into white liquor (Bai Jiu) and yellow liquor (Huang Jiu). White liquor is also called “Shao Jiu”; the English name is “...
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...in India is wholly agriculture based and it is of tremendous importance because it has vital supply and demand links with the other Indian industries. Agriculture is the main stay of the Indian economy, as it constitutes the backbone of rural India which inhabitants more than 70% of total Indian population. The fertility of the soil has augmented the success of agriculture in India. Further, Rural Economy in India has been playing an important role towards the overall economic growth and social growth of India. India has been predominantly an agriculture-based country and it was the only source of livelihood in ancient time. During prehistoric time when there was no currency system the India economy system followed barter system for trading i.e. the excess of agricultural produce were exchanged against other items. The agriculture produce and system in India are varied and thus offers a wide agricultural product portfolio. Today, the rural economy in India and its subsequent productivity growth is predicated to a large extent upon the development of its 700-million strong rural population. The agricultural economy of India is drafted according to the needs of rural India since majority of the population lives in about 600,000 small villages. In India, agriculture accounts for almost 19% of Indian gross domestic products (GDP). The rural section of Indian population is primarily engaged with agriculture, directly or indirectly. The Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Rural...
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...Grade 10-12 Geography FARMING IN ZAMBIA AND THE SUB-REGION Grade 10-12 Geography Author: C.I. Chilukusha (Mrs) Summary: This lesson plan covers land tenure in Zambia, types of farming, the problems associated with subsistence farming, the pastoral system, commercial farming, impact on the environment, farming in other countries in the sub-region, and an outline of Government measures to develop agriculture in Zambia. ZAMBIA A. LAND TENURE This is the process of acquiring and possessing of land by individuals. There are four types of land tenure in Zambia namely: 1. TRADITIONAL LAND This is land controlled by traditional chiefs on behalf of the people. Individuals or families have the right to use the land but not to sell it. This land is inherited according to existing customary law. 2. FREE HOLD This is reserve land especially on the unproductive land. Mostly used as collateral before independence. 3. STATELAND This is the acquisition and control of land by the president in public interest. This is administered by the ministry of Lands which issues title deeds in collaboration with the council. 4. LEASEHOLD This is the statutory lease of land for a maximum period of 99 years. This also requires the consent of the president. Certificates of title are also issued. B. TYPES OF FARMING TRADITIONAL FARMING This is the farming or growing of crops basically for the family’s’ sustenance. Small portions of land are cleared and the crops are food...
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...While the crops in Africa varied greatly depending on the geography and climate(s) of where they were grown, many early African communities succeeded in establishing agricultural lifestyles. “Agriculture began very early in Africa,” (McKay, 270) and knowledge of plant cultivation came from the Levant to the Nile Delta beginning the spread of settled agriculture in Africa via the Nile River. By the first century B.C.E., Africans were living in agricultural communities throughout wetter savannah regions. Settled agriculture significantly changed life in early societies of the Western Sudan and the Bantu-speaking societies of central and southern Africa led to numerous migrations, population booms, and the establishment of various communities and kingdoms throughout Africa. “Agriculture may have developed independently in Africa, but many scholars believe that the spread...
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...Haiti is located in the West Indies and is made up by the western third of the island of Hispaniola, which it shares with the Dominican Republic. This country is about the size of the state Maryland in the U.S. Haiti is two-thirds mountainous, with the rest of the country made up of countless valleys, widespread plateaus, and small plains. Agriculture is the prime economic activity in Haiti. Subsistence crops include cassava, rice, sugarcane, sorghum, yams, corn, and plantains. Most Haitians own and farm small pieces of land throughout the country. The great population density has caused rural poverty and is also a major factor in the country's extensive deforestation, which has contributed to the scarcity of agricultural land. Haiti's biggest exports are light manufactures and coffee; other exports include oils, cocoa, mangoes, sugar, sisal, and bauxite. Haitians' exports are mainly agricultural goods and services: 66% of the population work in agriculture, 9% in industry and 25% in services, yet 28% of the profit comes from agriculture, 20% from industry and 52% from services (CIA, 2010). The United States is the country's primary trading partner. Industry in Haiti consists largely of light assembly of imported parts and the...
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...Australian crop report Prepared by the Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences February 2014 No. 169 © Commonwealth of Australia 2014 Ownership of intellectual property rights Unless otherwise noted, copyright (and any other intellectual property rights, if any) in this publication is owned by the Commonwealth of Australia (referred to as the Commonwealth). Creative Commons licence All material in this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia Licence, save for content supplied by third parties, logos and the Commonwealth Coat of Arms. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia Licence is a standard form licence agreement that allows you to copy, distribute, transmit and adapt this publication provided you attribute the work. A summary of the licence terms is available from creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/deed.en. The full licence terms are available from creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/legalcode. This publication (and any material sourced from it) should be attributed as ABARES 2014, Australian crop report, Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences, Canberra, February, CC BY 3.0. Cataloguing data ABARES 2014, Australian crop report, Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences, Canberra, February. ISSN 1447-8358 ISBN 978-1-74323-175-3 ABARES project 42072 Internet Australian crop report is available at daff.gov.au/abares/publications. Australian...
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...Summer Project Report Study of MDA (malondialdehyde) as abiotic stress marker in CSV-17 variety of Sorghum bicolor. Submitted in partial fullfilement of the requirement for B.Tech. Biotechnology Semester VII AMITY INSTITUTE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY AMITY UNIVERSITY RAJASTHAN JAIPUR 2011 Supervised by: Dr Ajit Kumar Sr. Research Officer S.P. Institute of Biotechnology, Jaipur Submitted by: Ravi Pareek DECLARATION I hereby declare that the project report entitled “Study of MDA (malondialdehyde) as abiotic stress marker in CSV-17 variety of Sorghum bicolor” is a record of the work compiled by me under the supervision and guidance of Dr. Ajit Kumar, S.P. Institute of Biotechnology, Jaipur as a part of my 45 days summer training. Ravi Pareek (B.TECH-BIOTECHNOLOGY) (AUR0821094) ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all with due regard to my respective god with whose kindness and blessing we could be able to accomplish the task of training. Mr. Sourabh Pareek, for his kind permission to allow me to undergo my major project at S. P. Institute of Biotechnology, Jaipur. I am overwhelmed with rejoice to take this opportunity to evince my profound sense of reverence and gratitude to my esteemed supervisor respective Dr. Ajit Kumar, for giving his regular advice and excellent suggestion which have helped us for completing the study. His regular assistance and guidance really helped me to bring formidable task in successful manner. Sincere thanks to Dr. Sonali Jana and Dr. Neha Upreti for their cooperation...
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...The Culture of Argentina is a country largely influenced by Spanish, Italian and other European cultures. There is at least 40 different languages spoken in Argentina, but Spanish is the most dominant. Some of the languages are extinct or in danger because it is only spoken by elders whose decedents don’t speak the language. The economy of Argentina is a high income economy; it is the 2nd largest in South America following Brazil. Argentina is one of the world’s major agriculture producers. It is a top producer of beef, citrus fruit, grapes, maize, sorghum, soybeans, honey, squash, sunflowers seeds, wheat, and yerba mate. This added up to 9% of GDP in 2010 and around one fifth of all exporters. Argentina for most of its history and current...
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...Global Agricultural Lands. This map illustrates the global extent of croplands (green) and pastures (brown), as estimated from satellite- and census-based data by Ramankutty et al.1. According to U.N. FAO statistics, croplands currently extend over 1.53 billion hectares (~12% of the Earth’s land surface, not counting Greenland and Antarctica), while pastures cover another 3.38 billion hectares (~26% of global land). Altogether, agriculture occupies ~38% of the Earth’s terrestrial surface, emerging as the largest use, by far, of land on the planet1,2. 1 WWW.NATURE.COM/NATURE | 1 RESEARCH SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION doi:10.1038/nature10452 Fig S2a 1.8 1.6 YIELD RATIO (1985=1.0) GARLIC NATURAL RUBBER COFFEE MAIZE ALFALFA RAPESEED 1.4 COTTON CUCUMBERS SOYBEAN WHEAT RICE ONIONS CASSAVA OATS 1.2 TOMATOES SUGARCANE BARLEY POTATOES SUNFLOWER SEEDS 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 HARVESTED AREA RATIO (1985=1.0) 1.8 2.0 2.2 SORGHUM 0.8 CEREALS PULSES OIL CROPS SUGAR CROPS FIBER CROPS FODDER/FORAGE ROOTS/TUBERS FRUITS VEGETABLES & MELONS NUTS OTHERS Figure S2. Trends in Global Crop Production, 1985–2005. In Figure S2a, we illustrate recent changes in yield and harvested area for 174 crops. The vertical axis shows changes in yield, expressed as a ratio of yields reported in 2005 and 1985. The horizontal axis reports relative ...
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...Different machinery has different functions, so is the Maize Flour Mill Equipment. Now in our daily life, you often can see the maize flour mill equipment, no matter in our home-making, or in the agriculture field, the maize flour mill equipment also plays important role and we can neglect the maize flour mill equipment's functions. Features of Maize Flour Mill Equipment: 1. Easy structure, good manufacturability in processing and installation, small volume and convenient operation. The whole machine only occupies an area of less than one square meter and we only need to install pitch screw for fixing. 2. Wheat, sorghum and paddy peeling and polishing function. 3. Internally installed efficient winnowing and dust removing blower. 4. High output and good effect. The discharging port of the peeling chamber can accurately control corn or wheat staying time in the grinding chamber by pressure valve and ensure the effective friction with alloy roller so as to realize better peeling effect. Working principle: after cleaning up, the unprocessed corn enters into the peeling chamber of NF-280 maize flour mill equipment through feeding port. By control the feeding speed at the feeding port and the pressure of the pressure valve, we make the peeling chamber have some pressure. The machine squeezes, peels, degerminates, removes impurities and polishes the material between the rotary roller and the screen. And under the pneumatic effect, the corn kernels and the bran separate...
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...CHAPTER 5 AN INTEGRATED SYSTEMS APPROACH TO CROP IMPROVEMENT G.L. HAMMER# AND D.R. JORDAN## # Agricultural Production Systems Research Unit (APSRU), School of Land and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia. ## Hermitage Research Station, Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Warwick, QLD 4370, Australia. E-mail: g.hammer@uq.edu.au Abstract. Progress in crop improvement is limited by the ability to identify favourable combinations of genotypes (G) and management practices (M) given the resources available to search among possible combinations in the target population of environments (E). Crop improvement can be viewed as a search strategy on a complex G×M×E adaptation or fitness landscape. Here we consider design of an integrated systems approach to crop improvement that incorporates advanced technologies in molecular markers, statistics, bio-informatics, and crop physiology and modelling. We suggest that such an approach can enhance the efficiency of crop improvement relative to conventional phenotypic selection by changing the focus from the paradigm of identifying superior varieties to a focus on identifying superior combinations of genetic regions and management systems. A comprehensive information system to support decisions on identifying target combinations is the critical core of the approach. We discuss the role of ecophysiology and modelling in this integrated systems approach by reviewing (i) applications in environmental...
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...VENEZUELA The country I’m doing my project on is Venezuela. The capital of Venezuela is Caracas. The flag consists of three horizontal bands of yellow, blue and red with the coat of arms and an arc of eight white stars in the center of the blue band. Venezuela’s national anthem is Himno Nacional. It is located in the northern coast of South America. Venezuela is really not too large. It covers an area of 352,144 square miles. The area occupied by Venezuela is slightly more than twice the size of the state of California. It is bordered by the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean on the north side. On the east it is bordered by Guyana. On the south end it is bordered by Brazil and on the western side is Colombia. Venezuela’s capital city is located in the northern part of the country. Venezuela has four different geographical divisions. In the north emerges a low extension of the Andes mountains and to the west is the hot basin of Lake Maracaibo. The great plains ( llanos) and forests spread to the southeast. South of the Orinoco River lies the unoccupied and largely unexplored Guina Highlands. Venezuela has seventy-two offshore islands. An outstanding geographical feature is Angel Falls. Angel Falls is taller than eleven football fields in length stacked on top of each other. It is also the highest waterfall in the world. The major fault is San Sebastian. It serves as a border between the South American and the Caribbean tectonic plates along...
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