...Dronacharya College of Engineering, Gurgaon-122001, India Email:sujeet.16939@ggnindia.dronacharya.info, Ashish Gupta Department of Information and technology Dronacharya College of Engineering, Gurgaon-122001, India Email:ashish.16907@ggnindia.dronacharya.info Abstract-Arrays and linked lists are two basic data structures used to store information. We may wish to search, insert or delete records in a database based on a key value. This section examines the performance of these operations on arrays and linked lists. In this research paper we studied about the sorting and types of sorting. This is followed by techniques for implementing dictionaries, structures that allow efficient search, insert, and delete operations. We have also illustrated algorithms that sort data and implement dictionaries for very large files Keywords-insertion sort, quick sort, sort ,binary search tree, skip list. 1. Introduction Arrays and linked lists are two basic data structures used to store information. We may wish to search, insert or delete records in a database based on a key value. This section examines the performance of these operations on arrays and linked lists. 1.1 Arrays Figure 1-1 shows an array, seven elements long, containing numeric values. To search the array sequentially, we may use the algorithm in Figure 1-2. The maximum number of comparisons is 7, and occurs when the key we are searching for is in A[6]. Figure 1-1: An Array ...
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...Computer Simulation Clump Sort: A Stable Alternative To Heap Sort For Sorting Medical Data Visvasuresh Victor Govindaswamy Computer Science Texas A&M University-Texarkana Texarkana, USA lovebat814@yahoo.com Matthew Caudill Computer Science Texas A&M University-Texarkana Texarkana, USA Jeff Wilson Computer Science Texas A&M University-Texarkana Texarkana, USA Daniel Brower Computer Science Texas A&M University-Texarkana Texarkana, USA G. Balasekaran, FACSM Medical and Sports Science Nanyang Technology University Singapore Abstract—Sorting data sets are a thoroughly researched field. Several sorting algorithms have been introduced and these include Bubble, Insertion, Selection, Shell, Quick, Merge and Heap. In this paper, we present a novel sorting algorithm, named Clump Sort, to take advantage of ordered segments already present in medical data sets. It succeeds in sorting the medical data considerably better than all the sorts except when using totally non-clumped data. In this test using totally nonclumped data, Heap sort does only slightly better than Clump sort. However, Clump sort has the advantage of being a stable sort as the original order of equal elements is preserved whereas in Heap sort, it is not since it does not guarantee that equal elements will appear in their original order after sorting. As such, Clump Sort will have considerably better data cache performance with both clumped and non-clumped data, outperforming Heap Sort on a modern desktop PC...
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...1. Factorial program in cFactorial program in c: c code to find and print factorial of a number, three methods are given, first one uses for loop, second uses a function to find factorial and third using recursion. Factorial is represented using '!', so five factorial will be written as (5!), n factorial as (n!). Alson! = n*(n-1)*(n-2)*(n-3)...3.2.1 and zero factorial is defined as one i.e. 0! = 1. #include <stdio.h> int main() { int c, n, fact = 1; printf("Enter a number to calculate it's factorial\n"); scanf("%d", &n); for (c = 1; c <= n; c++) fact = fact * c; printf("Factorial of %d = %d\n", n, fact); return 0; } 2. c program to check odd or evenc program to check odd or even: We will determine whether a number is odd or even by using different methods all are provided with a code in c language. As you have study in mathematics that in decimal number system even numbers are divisible by 2 while odd are not so we may use modulus operator(%) which returns remainder, For example 4%3 gives 1 ( remainder when four is divided by three). Even numbers are of the form 2*p and odd are of the form (2*p+1) where p is is an integer. #include<stdio.h> main() { int n; printf("Enter an integer\n"); scanf("%d",&n); if ( n%2 == 0 ) printf("Even\n"); else printf("Odd\n"); return 0; } 3. C program to check whether input alphabet is a vowel or notThis code checks whether an input alphabet is a vowel...
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...LIST OF PRACTICALS OF C++ (CLASS XII) 1. WRITE MENU DRIVEN PROGRAM TO SHOW FOLLOWING OPERATIONS IN A 1-D ARRAY (USING USER DEFINED FUNCTION) MENU 1. CREATION OF AN ARRAY 2. SEARCHING ARRAY USING - 3. LINEAR SEARCH METHOD. BINARY SEARCH METHOD. SORTING ARRAY USING - SELECTION SORT - BUBBLE SORT - INSERTION SORT - MERGE SORT 4. INSERTING AN ELEMENT AT iTH POSITION 6. DELETING AN ELEMENT FROM AN ARRAY 7. 2. MERGE TWO ARRAYS OF INTEGERS IN ASCENDING OR DESCENDING ORDER 5. QUIT WRITE MENU DRIVEN PROGRAM TO SHOW FOLLOWING OPERATIONS IN A 2-D ARRAY (USING USER DEFINED FUNCTION) MENU 1. ADDING TWO 2-D ARRAYS 2. SUBSTRACTING TWO 2-D ARRAYS 3. MULTIPLYING TWO 2-D ARRAYS 4. CHECK WHETHER TWO 2-D ARRAYS ARE EQUIVALENT OR NOT 5. DISPLAY UPPER TRIANGULAR MATRIX 6. DISPLAY LOWER TRIANGULAR MATRIX 7. DISPLAY AND FIND SUM OF DIAGONAL ELEMENTS OF A 2-D ARRAY 8. DISPLAY AND FIND THE ROW-WISE SUM OF A 2-D ARRAY 9. DISPLAY AND FIND THE COLUMN-WISE SUM OF A 2-D ARRAY 10. QUIT 3. USING STRUCTURES WRITE A MENU DRIVEN PROGRAM TO ADD, SUBTRACT AND MULTIPLY AND DIVIDE TWO COMPLEX NUMBERS 4. USING STRUCTURES WAP TO CHECK THE VALIDY OF DATE 5. WRITE A PROGRAM TO DEFINE THE CLASS WORKER SHOWN BELOW CLASS WORKER ( PRIVATE : WNAME CHARACTER (20), WNO INTEGER, WGRATE FLOAT, HOURLYWAGERATE FLOAT, TOTWAGE FLOAT, CALCWAGE(HRWG,WGRATE) PUBLIC...
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...Component 01 - Computing Principles | AS-Level (H046) | A-Level (H446) | 1 The characteristics of contemporary processors, input, output and storage devices | Structure and function of the processor | The Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU), Control Unit and registers: Program Counter (PC), Accumulator (ACC), Memory Address Register (MAR), Memory Data Register (MDR), Current Instruction Register (CIR).Buses: data, address and control: How this relates to assembly language programs.The fetch-decode-execute cycle, including its effect on registers.The factors affecting the performance of the CPU, clock speed, number of cores, cache.Von Neumann, Harvard and contemporary processor architecture. | The use of pipelining in a processor to improve efficiency. | Types of processor | The differences between, and uses of, CISC and RISC processors.Multicore and parallel systems. | GPUs and their uses (including those not related to graphics). | Input, output and storage | How different input output and storage devices can be applied as a solution of different problems.The uses of magnetic, flash and optical storage devices.RAM and ROM.Virtual storage. | | 2 Software and software development | Operating systems | The need for, function and purpose of operating systems.Memory management (paging, segmentation and virtual memory).Interrupts, the role of interrupts and Interrupt Service Routines (ISR), role within the fetch decode execute cycle.Scheduling: round robin, first come...
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...Computer Simulation Clump Sort: A Stable Alternative To Heap Sort For Sorting Medical Data Visvasuresh Victor Govindaswamy Matthew Caudill Jeff Wilson Computer Science Texas A&M University-Texarkana Texarkana, USA lovebat814@yahoo.com Computer Science Texas A&M University-Texarkana Texarkana, USA Computer Science Texas A&M University-Texarkana Texarkana, USA Daniel Brower G. Balasekaran, FACSM Computer Science Texas A&M University-Texarkana Texarkana, USA Medical and Sports Science Nanyang Technology University Singapore Abstract—Sorting data sets are a thoroughly researched field. Several sorting algorithms have been introduced and these include Bubble, Insertion, Selection, Shell, Quick, Merge and Heap. In this paper, we present a novel sorting algorithm, named Clump Sort, to take advantage of ordered segments already present in medical data sets. It succeeds in sorting the medical data considerably better than all the sorts except when using totally non-clumped data. In this test using totally nonclumped data, Heap sort does only slightly better than Clump sort. However, Clump sort has the advantage of being a stable sort as the original order of equal elements is preserved whereas in Heap sort, it is not since it does not guarantee that equal elements will appear in their original order after sorting. As such, Clump Sort will have considerably better data cache performance with both clumped and non-clumped data, outperforming Heap Sort on a modern desktop PC, because...
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...1. Use class Sort.java provided in class, the dual-pivot Quicksort of Java 8 (Arrays.sort), and RadixSort.java provided in class. 2. Do the following for Mergesort, Quicksort, Heapsort and dual-pivot Quicksort: a. Create 100,000 random keys (of type long) and sort them. Repeat this 100 times. b. Compute the average CPU time taken to sort the keys for the four methods. c. Comment on the results and compare them to the average-case complexities discussed in class. As we discussed in the class, all these sorting algorithms I used for testing have the same average-case complexities with O (n log n). But the data I got which shows in the upper diagram illustrate that Quick sort is the most fast sorting method especially when you need to sort a large amount of data. Dual-pivot quicksort is also fast than merge sort and Heap sort. Heap sort can be used when the pending data between 1000-1000, 000, and for Merge sort is the first choice when there are more than 1M data. 3. Do the following for the four sorting methods of #2, and for Radix sort: a. Create 100,000 random strings of length 4 and sort them using the five sorting methods. b. Repeat (a) 10 times Compute the average CPU time taken to sort the keys for the five methods. c. Repeat (a) and (b) with strings of length 6, 8, 10. d. Create a table with the results and compare the times with the average-case and worstcase complexities as studied in class. The length of string is 4: The length of string...
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...INDUSTRIAL TRAINING FROM TATA CMC, JAMMU ON EMBEDDED SYSTEMS. Submitted in the partial fulfilment of requirement for the award of degree of Bachelor of Engineering In Electronics and Communication Engineering Submitted By Ashish Gupta 258/12 Under the guidance of Ms. Sonika Mahajan IT Guide Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Mahant Bachittar Singh College of Engineering and Technology, Jammu 2015 CERTIFICATE i DECLARATION I hereby declare that the Seminar Report entitled “EMBEDDED SYSTEMS” is an authentic record of my own work carried out as requirement for the award of degree of B.E. (E&C) of Mahant Bachittar Singh College of Engineering & Technology, Jammu. Date: ................ Ashish Gupta 258/12 Certified that the above statement made by the student is correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. Ms. Sonika Mahajan Ms. Neha Gupta Ms. Shalini Sharma IT Guide ...
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...Werner 3) *) Institute of Computing Science, Poznań University of Technology Piotrowo 3A, 60-965 Poznań, Poland phone: +48 (61) 8790 790 fax: +48 (61) 8771 525 blazewic@sol.put.poznan.pl Institute of Information Systems, FB 5 - Faculty of Economics, University of Siegen Hölderlinstrasse 3, 57068 Siegen, Germany pesch@fb5.uni-siegen.de Institute of Computing Science, Poznań University of Technology Piotrowo 3A, 60-965 Poznań, Poland Malgorzata.Sterna@cs.put.poznan.pl Faculty of Mathematics, Otto-von-Guericke-University PSF 4120, 39016 Magdeburg, Germany Frank.Werner@mathematik.uni-magdeburg.de 1) 2) 3) 1 A Comparison of Solution Procedures for the Flow Shop Scheduling Problem with Late Work Criterion Abstract In this paper, we analyze different solution procedures for the two-machine flow shop scheduling problem with a common due date and the weighted late work criterion, i.e. for problem F2 | dj = d | Yw, which is known to be binary NP-hard. In computational experiments, we compare the practical efficiency of a dynamic programming approach, an enumerative method and a heuristic list scheduling procedure. Test results show that each solution method has its advantages and none of them can be rejected from the consideration a priori. Keywords: flow shop, late work, dynamic programming, enumerative method, list scheduling 2 1. Introduction The process of investigating every new optimization problem follows the same well known scheme (cf. e.g. (Błażewicz...
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...The Excitement in a well written book happens from word to word, sentence to sentence, paragraph to paragraph, chapter to chapter. But usually the turning from page to page is incidental, and in a long book a bother. It doesn't matter if something happens on page 9 or 289. While reading a book, I sometimes wish I didn’t have to hold it up, it gets so heavy, and I fantasize a sea of type automatically unrolling, one word in focus at a time, at just the right speed, on a moving screen or scroll. A scroll, or long paper with accordion pleats or separate sheets in a portfolio are all books of a sort. But a book, as we refer to it today, has distinct physical properties, just as painting, sculpture, film, and other art forms have their distinct physical properties A book is a series of pages held together at one edge, and these pages can be moved on their hinges like a swinging door. They could also be half-doors, doors with windows, double doors, like fold-outs, doors with attachments, pop-ups, textures or moving parts, and shaped doors. Of course if a door has something completely different behind it, it is much more exciting. The element of delight and surprise is helped by the physical power we feel in our own hands when we move that page or door to reveal a change in everything that has gone before, in time, place, or character. A thrilling picture book not only makes beautiful single images or sequential images, but also allows us to become aware of a book's...
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...How to Write an MBA Research Paper If you got an assignment to write a research paper and you want to deliver a great one, you have to first understand what a research paper actually is – it is an argument or discussion that is founded on a certain thesis; and it includes collected evidence and quotations from authoritative sources. When you get your first research paper, it may seem like an overwhelming task, but it’s actually not that complicated if you understand the process and follow it as you should. First of all, make sure you supply yourself with some index cards, highlighters and a lot of note paper. Step 1: Organize! The first thing you need to do before starting to write the research paper is organize your time and schedule. Here is a list of your tasks: 1. Choose an interesting, captivating topic that will be useful for the reader. 2. Search for authoritative sources associated with your topic. 3. Collect your initial thoughts by taking notes (using index cards can be useful during the process). 4. Organize those notes and arrange them by topics. 5. Prepare your basic outline for the research paper. 6. Start writing the initial draft version. 7. Edit and correct the draft version. 8. Proofread the paper! The process of researching Although you may think that the Internet has made the process of library research kind of silly, you mustn’t avoid it. In fact, the library can provide you with the most authoritative resources, which...
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...basics right. 2. START WITH YOUR BEST “First impression is the last impression” and the same is true for your SSC answer paper also. If the examiner gets a good first impression of you, it can only work in your favour. Therefore, the first answer that you write, take extra precaution to make sure there are no careless mistakes, cancellations or any turn-offs that will create a bad impression. Also, attempting questions in order is preferable but not necessary. You can start with the answer that you know best if you are not so confident. 3. LEVERAGE THE EXAMINER’S INERTIA The examiner is only human and if he/she feels that you know your subject matter perfectly, then he/she may automatically tend to overlook some minor mistakes you make later in the paper. Thus many top ranking SSC students choose to answer the questions they are most confident about first. If the examiner is ticking your earlier questions, chances are he will keep ticking. You don’t want the examiner to keep crossing your answers. Thus write your best answers first and your not so perfect answers last. This can be a useful strategy especially for your subjective SSC papers such as English, Hindi, Marathi and History-Civics. 4. PRESENT YOUR PAPER WELL Examiners cannot deduct marks if a student has not underlined important terms and not written neatly. However if you present your paper well, it makes it...
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...MULTIFUNCTIONAL DIGITAL SYSTEMS Operator's Manual for Copying Functions Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Preface Thank you for purchasing the TOSHIBA multifunctional digital systems. We have provided you with this manual for the operation of this equipment. This operator’s manual describes the following: How to use this equipment How to inspect and carry out maintenance on this equipment How to remedy mechanical and copying problems Be sure to read this manual before using this equipment. Keep this manual handy and retain it for future reference. Preface Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 1 Notice to Users After a suitable place has been selected for the installation of the e-STUDIO195/225/245, please do not change it. Avoid excessive heat, dust, vibration and direct sunlight. Also, provide proper ventilation as the copier emits a small amount of ozone. The unit is classified as Class 1 Laser Product according to IEC60825-1:1993, IEC60825-1:2007 including amendments. The unit uses laser diode of output Max. 5 mW, wave length 785 nm, continuous pulse. Caution: Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure. Warning: This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference in which case the user may be...
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...I have always enjoyed creative writing, reading, and other activities of the sort. One of my biggest regrets from high school is not fully taking advantage of my proclivity to composition. From a very young age I showed interest in these sorts of activities by partaking in them not only academically, but also as a mode of entertainment. Before my sister and I were old enough to stay home alone, my mom would drop us off at my dad’s office on the nights that she worked. Now an office does not have very many interesting toys- if any- so to keep ourselves entertained my sister and I would create our own. Being in an office we only had access to paper, pens, markers, folders, paperclips, and other items along those lines. We began making dolls out of paper at first and then added in food, furniture,...
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...Summary of documentations on paper recycling In Japan, the US, Europe and China Recycling benefits the environment much more than other waste management methods (Technical University of Denmark and the Danish Topic Centre on Waste and Waste & Resources Action Programme (WRAP), 2006). With the environmental, economic and societal benefits, we can conclude that building an effective paper recycling system in China would be a good idea. This paper is a basic summary of paper recycling practices in Japan, the US and Europe. It is intended to be a reference for drawing up an appropriate and practical plan for school and office paper recycling projects in China. Paper Recycling Statistics Japan has an extraordinary reputation in paper recycling because of its refined and effective paper recycling system. While the volume of recovered paper grew in the 1980s, the paper recycling rate went through a stagnant period before the rate started to rise rapidly in 1997. Japan’s paper recycling rate reached 77.9% in 2011, but the volume was 21.5 million tons, which is less than the 22.7 million tons recycled in 2008, due to less consumption of paper(Paper recycling in Japan, 2012). According to the 2012 sustainability report of American Forest & Paper Association (AF&PA), the U.S. achieved a paper recycling rate of 66.8% (about 46 million tons of paper) in 2011, which was nearly twice the 1990 rate. In addition, the goal of the AF&PA’s “sustainability initiative - Better...
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