...CASE STUDY 5: Statistical Process Control Ikrom Abdullaev M0158958 Shamil Tlukashaev Chuan Lai Exercise A: Control Charts for Variables Step 1: Gather data Four samples of five observations (launches) each were arranged in tabular form. The mean and range for each sample determined and computed the mean of the means and the mean of the ranges. Data Table SampleNumber | Observation 1 2 3 4 5 | SampleMean x | Sample Range R | 1 | 7.2 | 8.1 | 8 | 8.5 | 9.2 | 8.20 | 2 | 2 | 8.4 | 8.2 | 7.6 | 9.3 | 10.1 | 8.72 | 2.2 | 3 | 10 | 9.1 | 7.4 | 7.9 | 9.4 | 8.76 | 2.6 | 4 | 10.1 | 9.2 | 7.8 | 7.3 | 10.4 | 8.96 | 3.1 | 2.475 2.475 8.66 8.66 (8.20+8.72+8.76+8.96)/4=8.66 (8.20+8.72+8.76+8.96)/4=8.66 (2+2.2+2.6+3.1)/4=2.475 (2+2.2+2.6+3.1)/4=2.475 Step 2: Develop an R-chart Using the data gathered and the appropriate and values, we computed the upper and lower three-sigma control limits for the range. Because the average range for Ｒis 2.475, to compute we used value for =2.115 according to the table given in the book. =2.115(2.475) =5.234 The result we got is 5.234 To compute we used formula given below =0(2.475) =0 According to table given in the book we already know that =0. So for now we know that =2.115(2.475) =5.234 =0(2.475) =0 We drew an R-chart, after we have tabulated all the numbers in the tables and equations...
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...rounding of the original AFCARS source data and to missing data, some percentages do not add up to 100 percent, or the estimated numbers do not add up to the total number in the category.” The goal of this study is to show the statistical increase and decrease in the foster care population. While the population focus is based on all races that enter the foster care system. “Data was obtained from the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS). AFCARS collects information on all children in foster care for whom State child welfare agencies have responsibility for placement, care, or supervision and all children who are adopted with public child welfare agency involvement.” This study was conducted by The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services without being bias towards any race, religion, or gender. As such, there is not any evidence of being bias found in this study and based solely on statistical information. The problems I found, as stated above, was the stated fact of the children not being recorded more than once. This missing statistic would benefit the final outcome of measuring the foster care overall statistical recordings. The confounding variables stated in this study revolves around the “unknown or undetermined” race within the statistical recording. As such, the listed races are recorded as the mass majority while the undetermined are left as a bias and confounding record of what racial background these children come from. I believe the results...
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...The study is based on high school students graduating rate over the last 40 years. It looks like through the nation schools are acquiring strength so that students are graduating on time. The countries high school graduation rate comes from,” Education Week”. They say that in the new report 75 percent of high school students. When the article was written back in June of 2013 and at that time it was predicted that at least 1 million students will not graduate that year and we will be losing at least 5500 students for every school day in that year. The diploma count that is giving out every year states that the national average is 74.7 percent from the class in 2010, and at least 8 percent higher than in the year 2000. In the state of Vermont the students had the highest graduation rate of 85 percent with DC coming up last with 57 percent in 2000-2010. The graduation rates are mostly increase in 46 states. The graduation rate was calculated by Education week and it stated that is was lower that the report done in January 2013 from U.S. department of education. In the academic year of 2009-10 the percentage of advertised graduates were 78.2 percent which was the highest in the about three decades. The reason that the percentage jumped was because the graduates from Latino and black students improved and that was a significant factor for the percentage to go higher. References: Emily Richmond, (2013, June6) High School Graduation Rate Hits 40-Year Peak in the U.S....
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...data collections within developing countries such as Africa that is experiencing an high rate of necrotizing enter colitis. Through the uses of statistical data and analysis the article also provides information on the long-term prospect of the disease and whether or not it is lacking in developing countries. The article focuses on data which is collected by South Africa during the pre human immunodeficiency virus era. The focus of this paper is to provide information on the statistical procedure and the statistical significance of the study. Statistical Procedures The statistical procedures within this research article began with what is known as a cohort. A cohort is a group of subjects, which shares a particular experience during a specific time span. During this research article the focus is mainly within a specific cohort of premature infants born in South Africa between the years of 1992 and 1995. The study expresses the mean values and how the data ranges throughout the article. For example the mean within the article is known as the gestational age of the cohort, which is 32 weeks gestation. The range for gestational ages is from 22 weeks gestation to 40 weeks gestation. The t test is also a part of this research article, and it evaluates ongoing variables for statistical significance. The cohorts within this study consist of 128 subjects, which is not considered as small test group. The research article reveals that out of 128 premature infants, 119 began...
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...2000, Statistical Division, Ministry of Planning, Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka. BBS (2002); Statistical Year book of Bangladesh, 2001, Dhaka. Bunce, L. and R. Pomeroy. 2003. Socioeconomic Monitoring Guidelines for Coastal Managers in the Caribbean: SocMon Caribbean. GCRMN. Bunce, L., P. Townsley, R. Pomeroy, and R. Caribbean. GCRMN. Bunce, L., P. Townsley, R. Pomeroy, and R. Pollnac. 2000. Chandra KJ. Fish parasitological studies in Bangladesh: A Review. J Agric Rural Dev. 2006; 4: 9-18. Cochran, W.G. (1977); Sampling Techniques, 3rded. New Delhi: Wiley Eastern. Davis, James A. (1971). Elementary survey analysis. Des Raj (1971); Sampling Theory. Fox, J. 1984: Linear Statistical Models and Ravallion, M. and B. Sen 1996: When Method Matters: Monitoring Poverty in Bangladesh, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 44: 761-792 Gujarati, Damodar.N; Basic Econometrics. 4TH edition; Mcgraw-Hill. Gupta, S.C., Kapoor; Fundamental of Mathematical Statistics. New Delhi. Heyman, W. and R. Graham (eds.). 2000. The voice of the fishermen of Southern Belize, Toledo Institute for Development and Environment. Punta Gorda. Hogg, R. V. and A. T. Craig (2002): Introduction to Mathematical Statistics, 5th edition, Pearson Education (Singapore) Pte Ltd. Islam, M. Nurul; An Introduction to Sampling Methods: Theory and Applications. Jessen, R.J. (1978): Statistical Survey Technique. Mason, D., Robert and Douglas A. Lind (1996): Statistical Techniques...
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...to increase, American’s weight appears to be leveling off (Roan, 2012). The article in Los Angeles Times newspaper,, “Obesity rates in the U.S. appear to be finally leveling off,” does not give the mean, mode, or median. However, it does report the sample size of people surveyed from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey done from 2009 to 2010. Seventy million people in America are obese with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 and higher. This statistical data is similar to years 2005 to 2006. Furthermore, children and teenagers weights in 2007 to 2008 have not increased or decreased according to the Journal of the American Medical Association. Percentages of decrease or increase, according to the Los Angeles Times, are reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Journal of the American Medical Association, and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey along with other statistical data collected for this article (Roan, 2012). The study done by the CDC reported in the Los Angeles Times concludes Americans are positively affected by the recent nation’s campaign to lose weight and become healthier citizens. Percentages are reported in this article to illustrate recent obesity rates such as“35% of U. S. adults are obese” (2012). Calculated BMI rates of participates were similar to BMI rates in 2005 to 2006, supporting claims of...
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...is experiencing an high rate of necrotizing enter colitis. Through the uses of statistical data and analysis the article also provides information on the long-term prospect of the disease and whether or not it is lacking in developing countries. The article focuses on data this is collected by South Africa during the pre human immunodeficiency virus era. The focus of this paper is to provide information on the statistical procedure and the significance of the study. The statistical procedures within this research article began with what is known as a cohort. A cohort is a group of subjects which shares a particular experience during a specific time span. During this research article the focus is mainly within a specific cohort of premature infants that are born in South Africa between the years of 1992 and 1995. The study expresses the mean values and how the data ranges throughout the article. For example the mean within the article is known as the gestational age of the cohort, which is thirty two weeks gestation. The range for gestational ages is from twenty two weeks gestation to forty week gestation. The t test is also a part of this research article and it evaluates ongoing variables for statistical significance. The cohort within this study consist of 128 subjects which this not considered as being a small test group , and the student ‘s t test is also utilize within this study. The research articles reveals that of the 128 premature...
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...DATA COLLECTION The purpose of the study is to define the gestational age as term or preterm depending on gestational week, as determined by the last menstrual period and ultrasound. The statistical information were gathered from medical records of a clinic, it is uncertain the determination of gestational age through ultrasound was indicated and who measured date or obtained medical record report, it is very pertinent to know who obtained the data report and its preciseness and correctness of information is important. QUANTATIVE ANALYSIS Ickovics et al 2003 utilize both descriptive and inferential statistics to scrutinize the data, the reason for the study was to evaluate the difference among the two groups, for the inferential statistics the McNemar test was used, which was suitable for the degree of enquiry due to the matched group, the Cohort design was also implemented as they intended to quantify between groups. Also as relates to the variables outcome. (Polit & Beck 2008). The paired T test was also proper for the study due to the fact its purpose is to test the differences among the two groups that are either paired or matched on the essence of the characteristics. The F test was also implemented, it occurs as the test used when apply multiple linear regression as this F statistics has been utilized while stipulating the influence between birth weight and preterm delivery (p1054). The purpose of linear regression is to describe the amount of the outcome variable...
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...Chapter 1: Introduction to Statistics 1 Chapter 1: Introduction to Statistics Section 1-2 1. Statistical significance is indicated when methods of statistics are used to reach a conclusion that some treatment or finding is effective, but common sense might suggest that the treatment or finding does not make enough of a difference to justify its use or to be practical. Yes, it is possible for a study to have statistical significance but not a practical significance. If the source of the data can benefit from the results of the study, it is possible that an element of bias is introduced so that the results are favorable to the source. A voluntary response sample is a sample in which the subjects themselves decide whether to be included in the study. A voluntary response sample is generally not suitable for a statistical study because the sample may have a bias resulting from participation by those with a special interest in the topic being studied. Even if we conduct a study and find that there is a correlation, or association, between two variables, we cannot conclude that one of the variables is the cause of the other. There does appear to be a potential to create a bias. There does not appear to be a potential to create a bias. There does not appear to be a potential to create a bias. There does appear a potential to create a bias. The sample is a voluntary response sample and is therefore flawed. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. The sample is a voluntary response sample...
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...Contract No.: ED-01-CO-0039 (0004) MPR Reference No.: 8936-600 The Effectiveness Of Educational Technology: Issues and Recommendations for the National Study Draft May 9, 2003 Roberto Agodini Mark Dynarski Margaret Honey, Education Development Center Douglas Levin, American Institutes for Research | | | |Submitted to: |Submitted by: | | | | |Institute of Education Sciences |Mathematica Policy Research, Inc. | |U.S. Department of Education |P.O. Box 2393 | |80 F Street NW |Princeton, NJ 08543-2393 | |Washington, DC 20208 ...
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...Statistics as a discipline is the development and application of methods, and a collection of mathematical techniques that help to collect, analyze, interpret, and present data. Modern statistical methods involve associated tasks such as the designing and analyzing of experiments and surveys, the quantification of biological, social and scientific phenomenon and the application of statistical principles to understand more about the world around us. Statistics can also imply a second meaning, which is the computed quantity with the help of statistical methods. Thus, it could be said that the main statistics of a particular study are the median age and income of the group. Thus statistics can imply a statistical parameter as well. Statistics can be applied to various different problems and situations but the underlying concepts all remain the same. It can also be broadly classified into descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The ideas of presenting data and drawing relevant inferences are central to the successful use of statistical theory. In the end, the statistical analysis should be able to tell us something concrete about the sample that we are studying. A number of errors are possible in the interpretation of statistical results and a careful analysis needs to be made to prevent these errors. Basically, statistics is applicable in a variety of fields, and business is not exclusive. Decision making in business is a complex thing. It is not something like “I...
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...Contemporary Issues In Education Research – Second Quarter 2012 Volume 5, Number 2 Do Learning And Study Skills Affect Academic Performance? – An Empirical Investigation Richard Griffin, University of Tennessee at Martin, USA Angie MacKewn, University of Tennessee at Martin, USA Ernest Moser, University of Tennessee at Martin, USA Ken W. VanVuren, University of Tennessee at Martin, USA ABSTRACT Universities and colleges are very interested in understanding the factors that influence their students’ academic performance. This paper describes a study that was conducted at a mid-sized public university in the mid-south, USA, to examine this issue. In this study, the 10-scale, Learning and Study Strategies Inventory (LASSI) (Weinstein et al., 1987) assessment device was administered to 107 students to measure receptivity to several skills and strategies that purportedly enhance a student’s ability to learn and successfully perform in an academic setting. The results of this study showed that the LASSI scales dealing with attitude, concentration, information processing skill, motivation, self-testing and review techniques, use of study support techniques, time management, and effective test-taking strategies all correlated positively (with statistical significance) to student GPA. There were also statistically significant differences between males and females in their mean scores for several of the above mentioned LASSI scales. Every LASSI subscale, where females significantly...
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...Title: Cases of Absenteeism among Grade VI-Bonifacio Pupils of Central Malamote Elementary School: Basis for Strategic Intervention Plan Proponent: Marivic J. Ampac INTRODUCTION The active presence of children and their embedding of knowledge and skills in the classroom become important issues once they get enrolled in a school. The central characteristics of meaningful access to school education is sustained and active participation of children in teaching-learning process and classroom activities (Lewin, 2007). It has been found that students who attend school regularly score higher in their achievement test, rather than their peers, who remain frequently absent. Today the low attendance is rampant across the country, or what we called absenteeism, the habitual or chronic absences of the pupils from the class. It may affect in different aspects: in terms of personal, emotional and social perspective. Linda L. Williams (2001) further stated that student who skip school a lot miss out on the opportunity to gain quality education. Students with excessive absences may feel disconnected from academics and believed that activities which reduces chances to discover passion, gain recognition for the talent and develop their skills outside the classroom. Disconnected pupils lack accountability that can lead behavioral issues. Advisers really worry for these pupils because we knew they were the pupils who need development and transformation through education, specifically...
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...Analysis of Research Reports In France, the number of macrosomic baby delivery (infants with a birth weight above 97th percentile) for gestational age has increased from 2.3% to 2.5% from 1994 to 2008. Most publications focused on neonatal and only few studies focused on maternal and perineal outcomes. The study was to investigate whether or not the policy of induction of labor for women with large baby might reduce the maternal morbidity. The purpose of this paper will interpret the statistical significance of the study. This cohort study used the AUDIPOG sentinel network database, which “comprises public and private maternity units from every region in France” (Vendittelli, Françoise, et al, 2014). The database includes 411,734 pregnancies between 1994 and 2008. The ineligible were those who deliveries before 37 weeks, multiple pregnancies, inappropriate fetal position, women with diabetes, and missing information of birth weight or sex. Therefore, only 3077 pregnancies with suspected large-for-gestational-age (LGA) fetus were eligible to participate (Vendittelli, Françoise, et al, 2014). LGA defined as “a neonate whose birth weight is at least 1.88 standard deviations (SD) higher than the mean (≥2 SD) for the infant’s gestational age and sex, that is, the 97th percentile for gestational age, based on data derived from the reference population included in our database. At 37 weeks, LGA was defined as 3,836 g for a boy and 3,691 g for a girl” (Vendittelli...
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...Methodology Types of Research The type of research that will be used in this study is quantitative research. Quantitative researcher aims to analyze data via statistical, mathematical or numerical data or computational techniques. Also, there will be questionnaires that will be given to the respondents for the statistical representation of the findings in the study. Sampling Method The research sampling method that will be used in this study is random sampling to obtain more results that could be used to represent the entire population. From the three year level there will be two year level that will be picked randomly coming from the Medical Technologist students to answer the questionnaire. Consent with the sign of our professor will be shown to them before answering the questionnaire. The collection of data will be conducted during the free time of the respondents, for them to have time on answering the questionnaire. Respondents The respondents of this research will be coming from the Medical Technologist students, specifically the randomly selected students coming from the 2nd year & 3rd year Medical Technologist students. The 2nd year & 3rd year Medical Technologist students were chosen to be the respondents of this research because, 2nd year & 3rd year students have already developed their sleeping habits, yet there are still factors that affects their sleeping, unlike the 1st year student, it is understandable that they are still adjusting especially to their sleeping...
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