...Statistical Thinking in Health Care Case Study 1 Week 4 Mat 510- Business Statistics November 1, 2015 With information from the case we will attempt to address some explanations to the issue of medication errors being dispensed at HMO pharmacy. A dispensing error is a discrepancy between a prescription and the medicine that the pharmacy delivers to the patient or distributes to the ward on the basis of this prescription, including the dispensing of a medicine with inferior pharmaceutical or informational quality shows the categories of dispensing errors. If dispensing errors are considered from the perspective that the quality of all pharmacy care activities should be assured by the pharmacist, this list can be extended by the addition of three other categories: failure to detect and correct a prescribing error before dispensing; failure to detect a manufacturing error before dispensing; and failure to provide adequate patient counseling in order to prevent administration errors. These categories arise in other segments of the pharmaceutical patient care chain, but they are nevertheless important when one strives for a full assessment of the pharmacy's performance. (a-Chun Cheung, Marcel L Bouvy, and Peter A G M De Smet) I am going to attempt a process map to the best of my ability on filling process for HMO’s pharmacy, in which some key problems that the HMO’s pharmacy might be experiencing. A SIPOC diagram is a tool used by a team to identify...
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...Health Care Delivery Systems Ja*** Sta***** 04/12/2011 Health Care Delivery Systems Exam Paper The challenges faced in our most extreme healthcare facilities The Dialysis, Correctional, Mental Health, and Substance Abuse health care facilities are four very diverse settings in many ways. Yet in others they are similar. They represent many of the aspects of society that are orphaned, discarded, or swept under the rug, challenging both the caregiver and patient alike. Each represents an environment of extremes. Professionals must exercise the highest degree of vigilance in order to successfully provide patients with the care they need under the unique circumstances that each environment presents. In many ways each one of these facilities has a captive cliental with little or no choice but to be compliant or face dire consequences. In the dialysis setting compliance is enforced by the simple fact treatment is necessary to maintain their life. The correctional setting is harsh and restrictive with many imposed limitations, presenting the potential for serious health risk to inmate and care provider alike. The mental health facility is challenged by the lack of stability within the mind of the patient who is viewed as having “disordered thinking” presenting healthcare providers with the challenge of helping someone who is unable to follow orders or unwilling to even be treated. Substance abuse facilities have a patient base of substance dependent clients who present many...
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...Linguistic Diversity of Measures in Aged Care published by Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW 2014). In this critique, an article summary abstracts what is specified in the report. The aims of the article and its targeted audience are both included. This is followed by the description of the commissioning body and the reason of publication. A critical evaluation of the article is the last element discussing how it contributes to our understanding of ageing populations and dementia care. Article Summary The report illustrates it is crucial to identify the culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds in the community in order to evaluate the ageing CALD...
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...585 865 / 016555507 1 28-06-2013 WU: Statistics for Management What is Statistics? Why Study Statistics? Uses of Statistics Statistical Challenges Critical Thinking Statistics: An Evolving Field What is Statistics? • Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data. • A statistic is a single measure (number) used to summarize a sample data set. For example, the average height of students in this class. • A statistician is an expert with at least a master’s degree in mathematics or statistics or a trained professional in a related field. 2 28-06-2013 Why Study Statistics? Communication Understanding the language of statistics facilitates communication and improves problem solving. Computer Skills The use of spreadsheets for data analysis and word processors or presentation software for reports improves upon your existing skills. Why Study Statistics? Information Management Statistics help summarize large amounts of data and reveal underlying relationships. Technical Literacy Career opportunities are in growth industries propelled by advanced technology. The use of statistical software increases your technical literacy. 3 28-06-2013 Why Study Statistics? Career Advancement Statistical literacy can enhance your career...
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...Report Health care quality improvement focuses on promoting the best possible outcomes for patients. Historically, quality was determined by individual providers and lacked standardization. “How care is provided should reflect appropriate use of the most current knowledge about scientific, clinical, technical, interpersonal, manual, cognitive, and organization and management elements of health care” (Ransom, Joshi, Nash, & Ransom, 2008, p. 3). This paper will discuss the foundational frameworks of quality improvement, the various stakeholders involved, quality management needed in the industry, and accrediting and regulatory agencies involved in quality improvement. The Foundational Frameworks of Quality Improvement The foundational frameworks of quality improvement can be traced back to the “influential contributors and thought leaders of quality improvement systems and theories intent on improving process and producing sustainable quality results at highly productive levels” (Ransom, Joshi, Nash, & Ransom, 2008, p. 63). Walter Shewhart is one inspirational leader who addressed reliability of a process by focusing on limiting variation through statistical analysis (Ransom, Joshi, Nash, & Ransom, 2008). He is also credited with acknowledging the importance of establishing a common language for what is being measured, which is known as operational definitions (Ransom, Joshi, Nash, & Ransom, 2008). “Shewhart introduced the concept of statistical process...
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...PUBLIC HEALTH COMPETENCIES A. BIOSTATISTICS Biostatistics is the development and application of statistical reasoning and methods in addressing, analyzing and solving problems in public health; health care; and biomedical, clinical and populationbased research. Competencies: Upon graduation a student with an MPH should be able to… A. 1. Describe the roles biostatistics serves in the discipline of public health. A. 2. Describe basic concepts of probability, random variation and commonly used statistical probability distributions. A. 3. Describe preferred methodological alternatives to commonly used statistical methods when assumptions are not met. A. 4. Distinguish among the different measurement scales and the implications for selection of statistical methods to be used based on these distinctions. A. 5. Apply descriptive techniques commonly used to summarize public health data. A. 6. Apply common statistical methods for inference. A. 7. Apply descriptive and inferential methodologies according to the type of study design for answering a particular research question. A. 8. Apply basic informatics techniques with vital statistics and public health records in the description of public health characteristics and in public health research and evaluation. A. 9. Interpret results of statistical analyses found in public health studies. A. 10. Develop written and oral presentations based on statistical analyses for both public health professionals and educated lay audiences. B. COMMUNITY...
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...issue that needs to be further researched in the health care field is Asthma. Asthma is a disease that affects the lungs; it causes wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing (CDC, 2014). Asthma affects children and adults, but is deemed the most common long-term disease among children (CDC, 2014). It is a prevalent disease in the United States affecting 25.7 million people, including 7.0 million children (CDC, 2015). The reason it is important to continue further research on Asthma is because in most cases, the causes remain unknown. With such a large number of people affected by this disease, research related to this issue is important from an organizations perspective. Organizations have the duty to ensure that health care is affordable and accessible to those who are in need of health care. Curing asthma would be a great start in cost reduction; price cuts are a necessary component in making health care more affordable. Research There are a multitude of research applications that can be applied to one’s thinking and decision making as a heath care professional in regards to Asthma. Health care professionals must direct their research to the cause of Asthma. Without knowing the cause, a cure will be obsolete and treatment options will only be help to control the disease, never cure. Programs such as the National Center for Health Statistics and the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion are working with the CDD conducting surveillance...
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...number of credits required complete the degrees differ greatly. Bachelor’s Degree of nursing typically takes four years to complete, whereas the Associate’s degree only takes two years to obtain. Both degrees include similar core classes such as community nursing, maternal and newborn care, pediatrics, adult health and so on. Associate’s typically focuses on clinical skills, whereas the BSN curriculum according to the Grand Canyon University College of Nursing Philosophy focuses on more nursing theories, leadership, managerial skill, teaching, assessment, ethical decision making, critical thinking and communication. According to Nursinglink.com, the starting salary for both ADN and BSN nurses are typically similar. But there is more potential for higher pay with a BSN in various environments. According to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) Fact Sheet: Creating a More Highly Qualified Nursing Workforce, there is a connection between a BSN education and lower mortality rates in a patient care setting. Statistical research as shown that patients under the care of higher educated nurses have fewer adverse outcomes. Thus demonstrating higher adverse outcomes for patients under the care of nurses with an associates of nursing. References American Psychological Association. (2010)....
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...Increasing productivity by improving staff health and wellbeing. Management Services, 57(4), 12-16. B.)This article discusses why staff health and wellbeing is of importance to clinics and how increased ill health costs them money. It describes how increased absenteeism leads to increased turnover, which leads to low productivity and performance, costing countless dollars. It offers ideas of health education to help employees with lifestyle changes such as eating healthier and smoking cessation. Bloxam and Evans offer a good implementation plan with interesting ideas (2013). C.)The majority of my clinic employees stay healthy, although this article has very good ideas it would not be of great importance...
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...On Wednesday April 23, 2014 a Suicide Prevention Coordinator from Mental Health America of Central Virginia presented an intense 3 day workshop on suicide. The first day consisted of strong statistical evidence about the deaths caused by suicide. Most importantly, the prevention coordinator explained that suicide is the most preventable kind of death. Also, the coordinator said that there are almost, always warning signs, and asking someone about suicide reduces the risk. She pointed out that suicide is the leading cause of deaths in America more than homicide, AIDS, and war. For example, the coordinator said that 35,000 deaths from suicides occur every year in American, where as deaths from homicide equals to approximately 16, 259 times a year. Moreover, the coordinator mentioned that 960 suicides occur annually in the state of Virginia. Also, the coordinator pointed out that the highest rates of suicides spikes after the holiday seasons and in the months of May and April. White males above the age of 65 have the highest rates of suicides among any other age group and ethnicity. White males above the age of 65 commit suicide every 1hour and 1/2. Furthermore, from ages 15-24, statistical evidence showed that 4,600 suicides occur every two hours in this particular age group. The coordinator also pointed out that men commit suicide 4/1 times more than women. Men normally commit suicide by fire arm, while women commit suicide by taking pills. The second day consisted of facts...
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...projects and assignments. First and second competency are structuring positioning and financial management. I developed my critical thinking, goal setting and understanding business plan, management flexibly, partnerships and alliances through analyzing various projects and assignments. Among of them is the Advanced Clinical Access Plan (ACA) Project, Speak to the Director Project, Clinical Product Review Committee Procedures (CPRC), New Item Request Flow Chart Process, TeleHealth Business Plan. I also developed an understanding of the physician compensation strategies, budgeting, and management accounting. In particular, I evaluated and recorded the physicians' work time for CVTS-Perfusionists Clinic, Neurosurgery Clinic, Ophthalmology Clinic, Orthopedics Clinic, Otolaryngology Clinic, Plastics Clinic, Urology Clinic, and various surgical services. These clinics are at Surgical Service Department. After that, I calculated each clinic’s total hours and total salary amounts in fiscal year 2014 in purpose of projecting and allocating the staff’s salary plan effectiveness. Then, I created a FY14 Surgical Service Department Budgeted FTEE Chart and presented to the Administrative Office for approval....
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...for understanding what may constitute ‘normality’ (see Table 1.1). The following is one suggestion of the characteristics of a mentaly normal person 1.Efficient perception of reality: They have a realistic view of their strengths and weaknesses. They know what they have the ability to do and what they cannot do. They have a realistic Perception of what is happening around them and their reactions to those events. 2. Self knowledgr They have an understanding of WHY they do things [MOTIVATION] and WHY they have certain emotions. None of us has complete Insight into our feelings and behavior but normal people have more Insight than the mentally ill. 3. ABILITY TO CONTROL BEHAVIOUR Occasionally normal people may act impulsively [Without thinking] but normally they can control DRIVES such as aggression or...
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...and is bordered by three bodies of water, the Old Tampa Bay, Middle Tampa Bay, and Lower Tampa Bay, all of which form the Tampa Bay. Statistical and epidemiological studies are frequently based on date from specific geopolitical areas (Maurer & Smith, 2013). This is my geopolitical community because it is a geographical location. I may or may not have anything in common with my geopolitical community beside the location of home. My children do not go to the same school as the kids in the neighborhood. My husband and I work in another area. Our recreational activities usually takes place in other communities. Per Maurer & Smith (2013), the community one belongs to does not necessarily have to be the geographical location, but a community in terms of the members' feeling of belonging or sense of membership. This is a referred to as a phenomenological community. The phenomenological community does not automatically share a geographical location as does the geopolitical community. This type of community is a group of people who have shared similar values, interests, beliefs and goals. Examples of phenomenological communities include religious groups, social groups or profession. My phenomenological communities is my nursing organization, co-workers from the hospital and my Khmer-American society. Some challenges that a community health nurse maybe face with is the cultural values or norm of that community or what resources are available for that community. The nurse...
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...Historical Development of Nursing Timeline Person may represent an individual, a family, a community or all humankind. Health represents a state of well-being as defined by the individual or mutually decided on by a individual and a nurse. Environment represents the person’s physical surroundings, the community, or the universe and all it contains. Nursing is the practice of the science and art of the discipline (George, 2011). Metaparadigm pertains to the core concepts of a particular discipline. Until the 1990's there was general agreement in the literature that the metaparadigm of the discipline of nursing consisted of four major concepts: person, health, environment, and nursing (George, 2011). Concepts are thoughts believed to be true. Concepts can either be concrete or abstract in nature and can be observed or experienced through one’s reality. Concepts are the elements used to generate theories. Chinn and Kramer (2004) define a theory as “a creative and rigorous structuring of ideas that projects a tentative, purposeful, and systematic view of phenomena” (p.58). Theories are not a fact or a scientific law which produce the same results 100% percent of the time. Theories can provide possible and temporary explanations to phenomena that are ever changing as new evidence emerges. Simply stated, the theory suggests a direction in how to view facts and events (George, 2011). The degree of predictability surrounding a theory is the research that is gathered by using different...
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...(Cherry, 2012). There are many ways to define abnormality: statistical infrequency, violation of social norms, failure to function adequately, and deviation from ideal mental health. The first abnormality is statistical infrequency and with this example according to McLeod (2008), “Under this definition of abnormality, a person's trait, thinking or behavior is classified as abnormal if it is rare or statistically unusual. With this definition it is necessary to be clear about how rare a trait or behavior needs to be before we class it as abnormal”. Violation of social norms is probably one of the most common ways people associate abnormalities. An individuals thinking or behavior is defined as abnormal if they violate the rules that are expected or consider acceptable behavior in a social group. If their behavior is threatening or causes others to feel uncomfortable these individuals are in violation of social norms. Social behavior varies based on different cultures (McLeod, 2008). Failure to function is considered an abnormality due to an individual being unable to cope with day to day demands. Essentially, individuals are not capable of self-care, employment, social skills and making themselves understood. Some examples of failure to function are: suffering, maladaptiveness (danger to self), vividness, loss of control, irrationality, and violation of moral or social standards (McLeod, 2008). Deviation from ideal mental health is more so the definition of what is...
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